The Orange Leader (Orange, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 291, Ed. 1 Monday, December 28, 1959 Page: 1 of 10
ten pages : ill. ; page 23 x 18 in. Digitized from 35 mm. microfilm.View a full description of this newspaper.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
BEAL NICE
1M*«
for the nut tow day> (detail*
below). So lt’« a nod time to
trade !■ that Chrlotmu enh or
gfft certificate*. Retail adver-
tising to Ike Loader la a good
guide fa getting your money’*
worth.
The Orange Leader
VOL. LVI—NUMBER 291
Member Aieociated Frsss
ORANGE, TEXAS, MONDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1959 10 Pag«
5 Cents LATEST EDITION
THREE TO GO
Orange Ceaaty haa fast passed
throognaaether a( a bag string
af beSdue without a traffic
fatality. The another af deaths
daring INI remain at seven.
Can w« heap it there for three
more days?
Traffic Deaths
Near Estimate
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Traffic 482
Fire* 45
Miscellaneous 72
Total €07
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
The nation’* three-day Christ-
Orange's Only
Wreck Is Odd
A nurse, an ambulance driver
aad a policeman ware Involved
in Orange'* only motor vehicle
accident during the Christmas [expected,
in which
holidays
T
there was
_ occurred Sunday afternoon
an MacArthur drive when an au-
tomobile, driven by the nurse,
stopped la a traffic lane Instead
af pulling over ta the side when
the ambulance approached with
thl siren going.
An escorting police car skidded
sideways when the brake* were
applied to avoid hitting the
nurse's vehicle aad was struck
by the ambulance.
Hie ambulance driver, Ed-
ward Jimmy Vardemaa, 25, of 509
Pine St., was picked up by an
ambulance from another funeral
home aad carried to Orange Me-
morial Hospital. Ho was not be-
lieved to be seriously Injured.
X-rays were being made today.
ay apparently cost sub-
less in traific' deaths
Winter's Most
Severe Storm
Stalls Traffic
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
winter's most severe storm
hammered wide sections of the
Midwest today, stranding motor-
ists and curtailing travel.
Blizurd conditions prevailed In
some area* in the path of the
heavy snow and strong winds
from Kansas northward through
the Dakotas, eastern Nebsatta
and northeastward into weftarn
Iowa and southwestern Minnesota.
Many highways in northwestern
Missouri, southwestern Iowa and
southeastern Nebraska were
clogged by heavily drifted snow.
Heavy snow warnings—from
•o 8 Inches—were issued for parts
of the Dakotas, Minnesota, Ne-
braska and Iowa.
Hundreds of automobiles were
reported stalled In parts of the
atorm belt Sunday.
All bus traffic out of Lincoln,
Nab., was halted Sunday night be-
cause of the snow-packed glazed
highways. Some 300 cars were re-
ported stalled at various times on
highways in the area.
Rainy and foggy weather was
reported in other Midwest areas,
but the rain was expected to
change to snow during the day
as colder air moves southeast-
ward.
In contrast to the stormy con-
ditions in the Mid-Continent, un-
seasonably warm weather pre-
vailed in the eastern sections of
the country. Warm, moist south-
erly winds for the past few days
tent temperatures to record or
near record marks for the date
in many cities.
mas holida
stantially
this year than in comparable
Christmas weekends of recent
years.
The total—under 500 as delayed
reports of fatalities between 6
p.m., Thursday, and Sunday mid-
night were tabulated — was rough-
ly 15 per cent less than the 609
lives claimed in 1955, and smaller
than the 523 of 1953,
Like this year’s holiday, those
of 1955 and 1953 also were three-
day observances.
The National Safety Council,
which had estimated before the
holiday that 530 deaths might be
pointed out that the
current toll came with 71 million
cars in operating condition — 25
per cent more than in 1953 and 12
per cent more than in 1955.
The staggering toll, however,
far exceeds the number that would
be killed cn the highways during
a non-holiday weekend period of
the same length at this time of
year. The council' estimated 370
The traffic toll in Texas over
the Christmas holidays rose to 27
by Sunday midnight—the third
highest in the nation.
California with 35 had the most
traffic fatalities and New York
was second with 29. Texas was
tied in third place with Pennsyl-
vania and North Carolina who
each had 27 also.
Other forms of violence—shoot-
ings, stabbings, suicides and acci-
dental asphyxiation—sent the to-
tal death toll in Texas to 45 for
the period which started at 6 p.m.
Thursday and ended at midnight
Sunday.
The Associated Press in a sur-
vey during a non-holiday period
earlier this month, covering 78
hours, counted 324 traffic fatali-
ties. The survey also showed 22
deaths in fires and 68 killed in
miscellaneous type accidents.
Millions of homeward bound
holiday motorists added to the
iswifipir
'Ittlf
H
AUGUSTA Ga. (AP) - Presi-
dent Eisenhower said today that
mid-May summit conference in
Paris will be satisfactory to the
United States.
White House press secretary
James C. Hagerty mentioned May
16 as probable. But he said a def-
inite date depends upon consulta-
tions now in progress with France
and Britain.
Eisenhower’s decision on mid-
.«!!!
- -
jigfP
* 't ;|?
y
,y
I*||8§PS
. „ . mi? Ik.
— Leader Photo by BtlHe June Stewart
WARM-HEARTED ORANGEITES CHEERED LONELY WRECK VICTIM
Beverly Vederenne Finds True Spirit of Christmas Among Strangers
Santa Wore a Stethoscope
By BILLIE JUNE STEWART
Hospitalized in strange town
with severe chest injuries and
with no one to turn to for help, a
Houston secretary found the true
spirit of Christmas among warm-
hearted strangers in Orange Me-
morial Hospital.
Plans for a big holiday in New
Orleans with her mother and
friends she had not seen since
August were brougftt to a jolting
halt on Christmas Eve for Bever-
driving hazards. Law enforcement ly Vederenne, a petite 31-year-old
agencies maintained full shifts j brunette,
around the clock to press enforce- She was driving along, thinking
ment of traffic regulations._'of the plans she had made when
of unrest sweeping southern Iraq
4 roused speculation today that Pre-
mier Abdel Karim Kassem may
be moving troops into the area to
counter a threat of revolt rather
than to launch any move against
Iran.
Iraq! tradesman crossing the
border from Basra into Iran said
Bv THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Tne tail erf a blizzard that swept
the Mid-West Sunday brushed the
northern part of Texas, leaving up
to 8 inches of snow in the upper
Panhandle.
The heaviest snowfall was at
Stratford near the Oklahoma line.
Chief Deputy Sheriff Sid Board es-
timated 6 to 8 Inches of snow fell
and at places was whipped into
drifts five feet deep by winds up
to 45 miles an hour.
Dalhart had three Inches of
snow, Perryton and Dumas each
had an inch, and Amarillo had
a light snow.
During the day skies cleared
and temperatures rose above
freezing to remove most of the
ice and snow.
ALBERT LEA, Minn. (AP)—
Police today arrested seven men
entering the strike troubled Wil-
son & Co. meat packing plant here
for carrying firearms through the
gates.
There were no disturbances
however, as cars carrying nonun-
ion workers streamed into the
'rounds of the plant, reopened to-
lay under federal court order.
'The wife of the Freeborn County
sheriff said the seven men were
jailed and seven weapons confis-
cated. In the absence of the sher-
iff, who was on duty near the
plant, she did not know what
charges had been lodged against
the seven, she said.
The plant resumed operations ho:
under protection of National
Guardsmen, sent here 2JA weeks
ago to quell picket line violence.
OUTLOOK — Clear and a little colder
today and tonight with ht*h temperature!
today near M, low tonight about 38 with
a lew pitches ot light frost. P»ir and
tool tomorrow with highest temperatures
a tew pal
" . —w——- —------
’ait ahd northwest winds IS to 23
m.p.h. diminishing t to IS m.p.h. tonight
*0<nOB&^Sabine: high, 12:51 a.m.. 2:0*
B.rn-; low. 7:32 ajn., I:2B p.m. BoUrar;
high, 1:12 a.m., *:17 p.m • >
am.. 1*31 p.m.
low.
(A*)—The Wi
eather
Bureaa
’“SaM________
Issued today this *-day forecast for Dee.
I7-Jan. I-
BAST TEXAS: Nf Important thanges
Little sc no lath.
Iraqi Troops Believed Moving
To Counter Threat of Revolt
TEHRAN, Tran (AP) — Reports opposition to Kassem’s regime Is
Police Nab
Gun Toters
mounting, with tribesmen arming
farmers and other civilians for an
open revolt. There was no way
of determining the accuracy of the
reports.
One merchant said a demon-
stration had been staged against
Kassem in the Iraqi village of
Amereh and anti-Kassem leaflets
distributed.
There were reports also of new
Iraqi troop movements west of the
frontier above Khorramshahr.
Previous reports of troop move-
ments on the Iraqi side of the
Iraq-Iran frontier raised fears in
Iran that Kassem might be plan
ning military action in support of
his claim to land occupied by Iran
adjacent to the Shatt-Al-Arab estu-
ary. Reliable sources said Iranian
divisions along the frontjer, as
well as in Azerbaijan, on die So-
viet border, had been put on the
alert.
Iranian countermoves continued
An armored column including 40
tanks and mobile artillery from
the Iranian 9th division arrived
in the troubled area.
The Iranian high command soft-
pedaled the situation saying the
Iranian troop movements were
merely part of normal seasonal
maneuvers.
The Shah still postponed his
oon with young Queen
however, and continued to
receive frequent reports of the
border situation. ;
—Leader Phots by BUI UtulUby
BURGLARY FAILS—Business representative John F. Foster
of the International Association ot Machinists, Sabine District
Lodge 31, surveys damage to the door of his office caused by
would-be burglars who made an unsuccessful attempt to enter the
office over the long holiday weekend. It waa the second such
attempt in six months, although Foster said there are neither
funds nor confidential records deposited there to tempt burglars.
suddenly her car swerved out of beautiful poinsettia and Christmas
control and overturned near
Starks.
In just another eight hours,
Beverly would have been chatting,
laughing and opening Christmas
gifts among friends.
Instead, she lay flat of her back
in a hospital bed with painful in-
juries. unable to sit up or turn
without assistance.
Hurt, and alone among strangers
a bleak Christmas awaited her un-
til a compassionate physician
stepped in to change the story.
The physician, who will remain
anonymous for professional rea-
sons, “hfS been more than a doc-
tor, he’s used good psychology to
help lift me spiritually,'’ Beverly
said.
He asked a friend, Mrs. Thelma
Goodwin, who was spending Christ-
mas Day in the hospital with her
husband, Jim, to look in on Bever-
ly and say hello.
And this set the wheels in mo-
tion for a concerned group who
wanted to make Beverly’s Christ-
mas the best possible under the
circumstance,
It wasn’t long until flowers ar-
rived for her room and candy was
sent up. Mr. and Mrs. Goodwin
came to visit and brought along a
“One of the first things I really
wanted was a tooth brush," Bev-
erly said, “and the doctor got this
for me.”
“Mrs. Goodwin, just popped in
out of the blue and has done every-
thing possible for me,” Beverly
said. “She loaned me a house
coat and slippers and today is
shopping for my own."
“I just can’t get over how won-
<See CHRISTMAS, Page 8)
Mid-May Summit Talk
In Paris Is Favored
conference with Secretary of State
Christian A. Herter in Washing-
ton.
Herter, Secretary of Defense
Thomas S. Gates Jr., Chairman
John A. McCone of the Atomic En-
ergy Commission and seven other
officials are flying down from the
capital Tuesday for what Hagerty
called “a general discussion with
the President of the international
Reactions Vary Greatly
Politicos Move To Capitalize
On Rockefeller's Withdrawal
WASHINGTON (AP)—Both ma-
jor parties strove today to capital-
ize on a stunning political sur-
prise — Gov. Nelson A. Rocke-
feller’s withdrawal from the race
for the - Republican presidential
nomination.
Republicans pictured the GOP
as a unified party, one which re-
frains from rending itself apart in
brawling convention contests — a
party which can now devote all
its energies to electing Vice Presi-
dent Richard M. Nixon to the pres-
idency.
Democrats depicted the GOP as
ABD Plant
Picketing
Continues
Earth Slides
Wreck Train
SEATTLE, Wash. (AP) - Two
massive earth slides in the space
of 20 minutes pushed part of a
crack 13-car passenger train into
Puget Sound 12 miles north of
here Sunday.
Ten persons—six of them crew
members—were injured, none se-
riously.
The Great Northern Railway’s
Empire Builder, bound for Chi-
cago with 188 passengers aboard,
was about 30 minutes out of Seat-
tle when the first slide struck. It
derailed a four-unit diesel locomo-
tive.
Twenty minutes later, with help
already on the scene, another
slide again slammed into the die-
sel units.
It carried the diesel units and
a baggage-mail car out into the
Sound. A mail-dormitory car was
left teetering on a seawall.
Strung out along the tracks were
six other cars, all derailed but
still standing upright. Four pull-
man cars and a diner stayed on
the tracks.
Goast Guard vessels based here
had reached the scene before the
second slide struck. Four train
crew members ran for their lives
and managed to scramble into a
Coast Guard boat only seconds be-
fore the earth, mud and debris
rumbled across the tracks.
Union Claims
Offer Spurned
WASHINGTON (AP) — The
Steelworkers Union said today its
private poll of workers shows 95
per cent favor rejecting the steel
industry’s latest settlement offer.
David J. McDonald, union pres-
ident, gave this report to news-
men as President Eisenhower’s
board ot inquiry moved back into
the dispute.
The board, appointed under the
Taft - Hartley law, was going
through that law’s prescribed pro-
cedures which could lead to a
government - conducted referen-
dum Jan. 11-13 on whether the
workers want to accept manage-
ment’s last offer.
If they do not accept an offer
meantime, the union will be free
to resume Jan. 26 the walkout
which shut the mills for 116 days.
They went back to work under an
80-day injunction.
McDonald spoke informally
with newsmen after a huddle with
Eisenhower’s three-man steel in-
quire board headed by George W.
Taylor.
The Taylor group held a sep-
erate meeting with industry ne-
Pickets continued to pace in
front of the American Bridge Di-
vision plant here today, as repre-
sentatives of labor and manage-
ment were reported in conference
over a jurisdictional dispute.
The Leader was unable to reach
representatives of the company or
the Orange-Port Arthur Building
Trades Council by telephone this
morning. Management representa-
tives were r e p o t e d “in confer-
ence” and unavailable.
No shutdown has occurred as a
result of the picketing that began
last Wednesday, and spokesmen
have stressed that there is no dis-
pute so far as operation of the
plant itself is concerned.
Representatives of the council
are apparently in disagreement
with the company concerning the
removal of construction craftsmen
from a building project within the
plant.
Maintenance workers were
called in to install machinery after
the craftsmen had completed a
foundation.
TOKYO (AP) — Former Japa-
nese submarine officers expressed
doubt today that a Japanese sub-
^ marine was sunk off Los Angeles
gotiators. The two sessions ^were harbor jjV^farld WarJL
apparently concerned only with' “ ~
May was reached in a telephone and defense field, including the
conference with Serrptsrv m nuclear program for 1960.”
That was broad enough to cov-
er talks about an expected exten-
sion of the U.S. ban on nuclear
tests. This has been in effect 14
months and expires Dec. 31 unless
the administration acts to retain
it
Eisenhower flew down from the
capital Sunday for a week’s rest,
mixed with essential official busi-
ness, at Augusta National Golf
Club.
One topic for Eisenhower and
Herter was the request of Soviet
Premier Nikita Khrushchev for a
different date for an East-West
summit session.
The Western Allies suggested
April 27 for a conference in Paris.
Khrushchev is agreeable to the
place but not the time, as the
meeting would conflict with the
Soviet May Day celebration.
controlled by old pro conserva-
tives who do not give “progres-
sives” like the New York gover-
nor a look-in. There was even
talk—notably by Sen. Lyndon B.
Johnson of Texas — of drafting
Rockefeller for a high post under
"the Democratic president to be
elected next November.”
Neither party had much to say
in public about the problems posed
for it by Rockefeller’s “definite
and final” announcement on Sat-
urday that he would not be a
candidate in 1960 for the presi
dential nomination, and would not
accept the vice presidential spot.
One big poser for the Republi-
cans was how to pump any drama
into their convention opening in
Chicago next July 25. It will be
which
like a mystery novel of
every reader knows the ending.
Nothing now sighted on the politi-
cal horizon can prevent a first
ballot nomination for Nixoa. The
only suspense lies in the choice of
his running mate.
And if political custom holds,
(See POLITICS, Page 8)
LONDON (AP) - Britain ap-
peared today to be swinging over
to a mid-May summit meeting de-
spite Prime Minister Harold Mac-
millan’s reported perference for
May 4.
British informants said the
Western Allies probably will sug-
gest a date—possibly May 18 or
19—to the Soviet Union within the
next 48 hours.
Macmillan, who wants the date
settled finally before he leaves
next week for a flying tour of
Africa, had favored May 4 as the
opening day of a summit meet-
ing, responsible sources reported.
But British ambassadors in
Washington and Paris—Sir Harold
Cacda and Sir Gladwyn Jebb —
are understood to have reported
sentiment in those capitals favor-
able to a date in mid-May.
The British sources appeared to
throw down n report by the news-
paper France-Soir in Paris that
the Western Big Three seemed to
have agreed to propose May 16
as a starting date._
May Strike Again
British PoUceieek Maniac
Who Beheaded Young Woman
Sub Story
Is Doubted
preparations for an open hearing.
The claim of American diver
Bob Bell that he had found the
hulk of a Japanese sub in 60 feet
of water near the Los Angeles
breakwater sent naval sources
here scouring records.
A spokesman for the Japanese
navy’s history section said, “We
have not heard of any Japanese
submarines lost in that area.”
The Japanese Disabled Veter-
ans Assn, reported the imperial
of senators who- formerly served! navy records showed no subma-
in the House will fly to Sherman,' rines lost near Los Aneeles
Tex., Tuesday to participate in a1 "throughout the entire annals of
civic celebration honoring Speak- the Pacific War.”
er Sam Rayburn (D-Tex). The U.S. Navy announced
About 40 senators who served Christmas Day, 1941, that a Jap-
in the House under Rayburn have ®n^s.e sub had been sunk off the
• - - - California coast but did not give
BIRMINGHAM, England (AP)
Police seeking the maniac killer
who beheaded a girl with a kitch-
en knife warned today that “no
woman in Britain is iaife.”
Since last Wednesday night,
when the headless body of 29-year-
Fete Slated
For Speaker
WASHINGTON (AP)-A group
been invited to make the trip,
along with Texas congressmen.
They will fly in a military trans-
port plane made available by the
White House and will return
the exact location. On Christmas
Eve a submarine torpedoed a lum-
ber schooner just outside Los An-
geles harbor, surfaced and then
submerged again under depth
ILA Unions
Okay Pact
GALVESTON, Tex. (AP)— A
new contract between shippers
and International Longshoremen’s
Assn, in the West Gulf area ap-
parently has won union approval.
The president of the district
ILA, Ralph Massey, said that lo-
cals were to notify him only if
thev rejected the contract. He
said late Sunday night that he had
received no such notices and that
there were no plans to strike.
Had the longshoremen rejected
the three-vear contract, they
would have resumed their strike
as of midnight Sunday.
For the past 80 days the long-
shoremen have been working un-
der a Taft-Hartley Law injunction.
The new contract calls for an
increase of 11 cents per hour over
the present $2.74 an hour retro-
active to Oct. 1 with an additional
raise of five cents per hour in
each of the next two years and
19-cent boost in welfare, pension
and other benefits.
old Sidney Stephanie Baird was
found in a YWCA hostel, the big-
gest manhunt in the history of
Britain’s industrial Midlands has
steadily built up.
“We are looking for a killer who
may strike again at any moment,”
said a senior police officer.
Police toured the city with loud-
speaker cars appealing for clues,
flashed messages on movie
screens, and broadcast to football
crowds.
Sunday night, 27-year-old Evelyn
Peake said she believed she came
face to face with a blood-soaked
killer as he was making his es-
cape.
Mrs. Peake got off a bus near
her home 250 yards from the
YWCA hostel.
“I saw a young man slumped
against a wall of a house,” she
said.
“At first I thought he was
drunk. But by the light of a street
lamp 4 could see he appeared to
be In pain.
*‘I walked over to him with two
men. One of them said to him:
‘Blimev mate, what have you been
doing?’ ’’
The man — his face was dirty
and his clothing blood-stained —
replied: “I fell down in a garden.
I’ll be all right when I get on a
bus.”
The woman said the man
lurched onto the bus, which car-
ried him away. " ■
Tug Boat Explosion Creates
Peril in Harbor Community
Wednesday night.
About 700 feet of track was cov- Sen. Mike Monroney (D-Okla), ‘V1-*1”
diate estimate of damage._tend. Many are out of town.
T
Scientists Discover That Birthdays
Truly Make a Person's Heart Glow
CHICAGO
trul
(AP)
uiy make your heart glow.
Tne older you get, the more
your heart will actually shine or
fluoresce if exposed to ultraviolet
or black light.
It shines more because more
“age pigment” accumulates in
living cells of the heart. This pig-
ment is a strange and perhaps
very significant fact In the puzzle
of why and how wa grow old and
The pigment shines with a kind
of mange light when toe heart is
inspected with ultraviolet light.
— Birthdays The age pigment concentrating
in human hearts, nerves, brhins
and muscles is being investigated
for clues to aging.
The story is told In an exhibit
today to the American Assn, for
the Advancement of Science.
Children up to about age 10 ap-
parently have none of the age pig-
ments in their hearts, autopsy
studies show.
But the amount increases ta
proportion to age thereafter, sci-
entists of the gerontology branch.
National Heart Institute, and Bal-
timore city hospitals find.
SE?aUack ‘l7u.S.‘7anesTnd «**> - this north coast harbor
hook! A tug boat exploded next to a
’ ’ J J with 800,000 gallons
CRESCENT CITY, Calif. (AP) barge spilled and “was sucked in
touch
For three hours it was touc
which said the
rine Sakuri went down off Los
Angeles in 1941. But Japanese
naval sources said that thejr sub-
marines did not have names, only
identifying letters and numbers^
j»
of high octane gasoline.
When the peril ended Sunday,
one man was missing and believed
dead, another was burned. Four
were pitched into the bay by the
j force of the morning blast.
! The downtown district of Cres-
cent City a community of 2,750.
was evacuated. Fishing boats, tied
up during the holidays, lifted an-
chor. Many carried local resi-
dents.
The blast had the force of an
earthquake ta the waterfront area.
It was felt as far away as Brook-
ings, Ore., 30 miles to the north.
The missing man was Gordon
McCallen, 23, of Seattle, a deck
“I agree you’re a ‘character’
— but my Leader Want Ad re-
lerred to ‘character references'!”
barge _
to the engine room through a vent-
ilator. The engine room tilled with
gasoline vapor.
“The diesel engines ran wild.”
A Coast Guard cutter pumped
water on the tug while the entire
Crescent City Fire Department-
plus volunteers—fought shoreside
fires and flash fires aboard the
highly -volatile barge.
It had been unloading gasoline
into underground pipes which car-
ry the fuel to tanks south of the
city.
| ORANGE JUICE |
ANY TAKERS? - In the light
of the weekend’s political develop-
ment, we doubt that there is going
to be a rush ot responses from
—, ... .._____a the numbers of Orangeites who re-
hand on the tug Celilo. The vessel ceived in the mail today appeals
for money to support the Rocke-
feller-for-President campaign.
WINNER LOSES - Or so s hor-
oscope magazine now an the news-
stands declares. It says the next
President will die ta office. W#
wonder if that’s what caused Rock-
efeller to decide he would not be
belonged to the Upper Columbia
River Towing Co., Portland. Ore.
and had just arrived from San
Francisco with the gasoline-laden
barge.
Hospitalized with burns seas
Lawrence Hanson, 31, of Ports-
town. Wash.
Hanson said gas from the 97-foot[a candidate.
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Browning, J. Cullen. The Orange Leader (Orange, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 291, Ed. 1 Monday, December 28, 1959, newspaper, December 28, 1959; Orange, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth556736/m1/1/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Lamar State College – Orange.