National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Testing of Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354 in Luminant's Kosse Mine, Limestone, Texas Page: 4
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2. Natural Setting
their general topographic position and taxonomic designation. Of these series, three soils were
classed as Alfisols (Edge, Rader, and Silstid) and one was classed as an Inceptisol (Oletha).
Table 1. Soil Types on Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354Soil Name
Edge fine sandy loam, 1 to 5 percent slopes
Oletha silty clay, frequently flooded
Rader fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slope
Silstid loamy fine sand, 1 to 3 percent
slopesLocation
Site 41LT354, ridge tops and broad stream
divides
Site 41LT354, floodplain of Steele Creek
Terraces
Site 41LT172, broad uplandsAlfisols are the dominant soil order at the tested sites. These soils typically have light-colored,
loamy A horizons with clay-enriched B horizons. Most of these soils formed in sandy or loamy
residuum, and all are found on upland landforms. Archeological sites found in these soils can be
expected to be shallow, unless buried in colluvium. All of these soils are acidic, and their low pH is
generally detrimental to the preservation of organic archeological materials.
Inceptisols are immature soils that have weakly expressed profile features. They are deep and
moderately well-drained soils that formed in loamy and clayey alluvium. Found in elevated
portions of floodplains (relict terraces and natural levees), these soils range from slightly to
extremely acidic and are moist for most of the year. They may be flooded for brief durations
between November and May. Archeologically, they are important, since they may harbor the buried
remains of Late Prehistoric occupations. In addition to habitation sites, because these soils are
among the most fertile of any in the project area, they may have been utilized by semisedentary
populations for seasonal cultivation.Private and Confidential
Atkins 100021558/110187Taxonomy
Alfisol
Inceptisol
Alfisol
Alfisol4
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Atkins North America, Inc. National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Testing of Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354 in Luminant's Kosse Mine, Limestone, Texas, report, February 2012; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth839205/m1/13/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.