National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Testing of Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354 in Luminant's Kosse Mine, Limestone, Texas Page: 36
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5. Site 41LT172
A total of 64 glass shards were recovered through shovel testing, making it the most common
historic material class on-site. Between 1 and 9 glass shards were recovered from each shovel test
positive for this material, with an average of 2.37 and a standard deviation of 1.94. Only four.shovel
tests (2, 6, 12, and 52) yielded glass recovery rates more than one standard deviation above the
mean.
Shovel testing showed wide variability between the distribution of different classes of artifacts.
Brick artifacts were recovered from only three adjacent shovel tests (70, 74, and 78) located in the
northwest corner of the site (see Figure 2). Metal artifacts were more widely distributed across the
site but were found concentrated within two small areas, one defined by shovel tests 74 and 78 and
one defined by shovel tests 66 and 68 (Figure 3). Historic ceramic artifacts were equally widely
distributed, but recovered in the highest concentrations from shovel tests 12, 15, 67, 68, 72, 73, 74,
and 78 (see Figure 3). Glass artifacts were by far the most widely distributed class of artifacts
recovered on-site (see Figure 3). These artifacts were most heavily concentrated, however, in
shovel tests 6, 12, and 52.
The site area with the highest artifact density and diversity of historic artifacts was a roughly 20 m
north-south by 30 m east-west area with its southwest corner at Shovel Test 3. The large tree near
the center of the site was located near the center of the artifact high density and diversity area,
which presumably was in close proximity to the former location of the structure and chimney fall
identified when the site was first recorded (Glander et al. 1984). All of the charred organic remains
recovered came from Shovel Test 14. Thermally altered rocks were recovered from only three
shovel tests, 13, 41, and 49.
Two of the shovel tests positive for thermally altered rocks were located more than 10 m to the
south of the historic artifact high density and diversity area. The third shovel test positive for
thermally altered rocks was located on the far eastern edge of the site, well away from the historic
artifact high density and diversity area. Thermally altered rocks and charred organic remains were
not found in proximity to the single shovel test that yielded a concentration of lithic debitage nor
any of the shovel tests that yielded lithic tools. Based on these findings, it remains unclear during
which occupation thermally altered rocks and charred organic remains were discarded.
Trenches
Four backhoe trenches were excavated to prospect for features within the historic artifact high
density and diversity area at 41LT172 (see Figure 2). This effort failed to locate any remnants of the
former structure or chimney or any intact cultural deposits or features. Profiles of the four trenches
are provided in Appendix A.
Trench 1 extended west from Shovel Test 6. It was 5 m in length by 1 m in width and was oriented
east to west. The trench was excavated to an average depth of 80 cmbs.Private and Confidential
Atkins 100021558/110187 36
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Atkins North America, Inc. National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Testing of Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354 in Luminant's Kosse Mine, Limestone, Texas, report, February 2012; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth839205/m1/45/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.