National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Testing of Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354 in Luminant's Kosse Mine, Limestone, Texas Page: 79
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6. Site 41LT354
Based on projectile points alone, site 41LT354 appears to have resulted in part from sporadic
occupation during the Archaic period. The site also appears to have resulted in part from at least
two occupations during the Late Prehistoric, an early intensive occupation represented by two
Catahoula, four Steiner, and two Alba arrow points and a later, short-duration occupation
represented by a single Perdiz specimen. These conclusions, however, must be considered
speculative in light of the fact that one of the Alba specimens, one of the Catahoula specimens, the
Perdiz specimen, and the Yarbrough specimen were all recovered from the vicinity of Feature 1,
along with a single Caddo-like ceramic sherd.
Bifaces (n = 29)
The 41LT354 biface assemblage is composed of 29 specimens including 8 Stage 3 specimens, 6
Stage 2 specimens, and 10 Stage 1 specimens. The remaining 5 specimens are too fragmentary to
assign to a reduction stage; 4 are chert fragments and 1 was formed from metaquartzite. Only 3 of
the 29 bifaces showed use-wear under low-power microscopy. The fragmentary nature of the
biface assemblage, coupled with their general lack of use-wear, points to discard after
manufacturing failures.
Stage 3
The eight Stage 3 bifaces include seven chert specimens and one metaquartzite specimen. Lot 185.2
is a decorticated triangular chert fragment with a rounded distal tip and is missing one of the lateral
edges. It has a mass of 2.55 g, and it extends 28.34 mm in length by 14.97 mm in width, with a
maximum thickness of 6.29 mm. This specimen exhibits signs of unintentional heat alteration
evidenced by heat fracturing.
Lot 219.1 is a decorticated, pointed distal chert biface fragment with straight lateral edges and no
evidence of utilization. Its mass is 2.29 g, and it extends 25.49 mm in length by 17.87 mm in width
and 6.79 mm in maximum thickness.
Lot 225.1 is a decorticated proximal chert biface fragment that retains a hafting element and
presumably represents an arrow point preform. Only the stem and shoulders have been bifacially
worked. The shoulders are strong, and the stem contracts to a point at the base. It has a mass of
1.27 g and extends 24.51 mm in length by 23.25 mm in width and a maximum thickness of
2.85 mm.
Lot 227.2 is a rectangular decorticated distal chert biface fragment. It has parallel lateral edges and
a straight basal edge. It has a mass of 1.89 and extends 16.72 mm in length by 18.14 mm in width,
with a maximum thickness of 5.03 mm.Private and Confidential
Atkins 100021558/110187 79
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Atkins North America, Inc. National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Testing of Sites 41LT172 and 41LT354 in Luminant's Kosse Mine, Limestone, Texas, report, February 2012; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth839205/m1/88/: accessed April 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.