The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 12, No. 32, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 13, 1915 Page: 3 of 4
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THE LAMPASAS DAILY LEADER
COLT RAISED BY HAND
Cows’ Milk May Be Substitutec
If Attendant Is Patient.
Be Careful to Keep Bottle and Nipple
Scrupulously Clean—Foal Should
Be Adequately Fed at All
Times to Develop.
(By A. S. ALEXANDER, D. V. S.)
In case the mare dies or has no
milk the foal may be raised on cows’
milk, if the attendant conducts the
work patiently and intelligently.
Choose the milk of a cow that has
recently calved, preferably one which
gives milk low in butter-fat, for mares’
milk while rich in sugar, is poor in
fat. Sweeten the milk with molasses
or sugar and dilute with warm water.
Give a little of this prepared milk at
short intervals from a scalded nurs-
ing bottle and large rubber nipple. Be
careful to keep the bottle and nipple
scrupulously clean. Add an ounce of
Mare and Colt.
lime water to each pint of the pre-
pared milk and allow half a cupful
once an hour at first.
As the foal grows, gradually in-
crease the amount of milk fed and
lengthen the intervals between meals.
In a ftw days food may be given six
times a day and, later, four times
daily. The foal will soon learn to
drink from a pail, if allowed to suck
the attendant’s fingers at first.
Until the bowels move freely, give
rectal injections night and morning.
If the foal scours at any time give
two to four tablespoonfuls of a mix-
ture of sweet oil and pure castor oil
shaken up in milk, and stop feeding
milk for two or three meals, allowing
sweetened warm water and lime wa-
ter instead. Let the foal lick oatmeal
as soon as it will eat and gradually
increase the amount and add wheat
bran. In five or six weeks some
sweet skim milk may be given and
the amount gradually increased daily
until, in three months or so, it may
be given freely three times a day in
• place of new milk. The foal at this
age also will be eating freely of grass,
grain and bran.
At all times supply pure cold drink-
ing water. Let the foal run out in a
lot or grass paddock for exercise.
Accustom it to be handled daily. Feed
small quantities of nutritious food
often, keeping all food vessels clean,
and the foal should thrive and devel-
op well. Remember that a colt should
at all times be adequately fed so as
to develop it perfectly. Practically
half of the full weight of a horse is
gained during the first 12 months of
its life. If stunted during this period
the colt never develops properly; it
therefore pays to feed generously.
SHOULD DEMAND CLEAN CARS
Up to the Shipper to Be on the Safe
Side—Hog Cholera Spread by
Railroad Trains.
It is up to the shipper to be on the
safe side and use only clean cars for
shipping hogs, according to Dr. B. A.
Beach of the Wisconsin college of
agriculture.
Unsanitary stock cars are respon-
sible for spreading much hog cholera
Cases are on record where cholera
ftas been brought into a community
Simply by cars carrying cholera infec-
tion passing through on the railroad.
BUILDING HOIST FOR SILOS
Device Which Has Been Found Satis-
factory for Number of Years Is
Easily Constructed.
A hoist which has been successful-
ly operated for a number of years
on two pit silos built close together,
may be easily constructed. It con-
sists of a frame work set upon the
edge of the silo and firmly guyed In
position.
A length of hay carrier track lead-
ing to each silo is supported by a
piece of 4 by 6 inch timber. These
timbers are laid upon the two 2 by 8
inch cross pieces which are supported
by two 18-foot lengths of telephone
poles. As the rope unwinds from the
drum, one carrier may be run out,
tripped, and the box allowed to
lower while the other box is drawn
out
Pulleys keep the ropes up out of
the wind and guide them as they wind
on the drum.
HUMUS AND_S0IL FERTILITY SpRAYER NEEDED
Decayed Vegetable Matter !& Very j
Important Constituent in Ren-
dering Soils Fertile.
Humus is decayed vegetable mattei
in the soil and is a very important
constituent in rendering soils fertile.
There are a number of reasons for
this, prominent among which are the
following: First, the organic matter
contains the essential plant food ele-
ments and as it decays these elements
are changed into forms available to
plants. In other words, the plant food
is put in condition to be used again.
Second, as the organic matter decays
certain acids are produced and these,
acting upon the insoluble mineral con-
stituents in the soil, dissolve and ren-
der them available to plants. Third
many of the changes in the soil are
brought about by bacterial action, and
decaying organic matter furnishes
food for the bacteria so they can grow;
and multiply and thus render more
mineral plant food elements soluble
in the soil water. Plants cannot take'
up solid foods from the soil; before
they can appropriate food it must first
be gotten in solution like sugar goes
into solution when put into water.
Then there are other ways in which
humus benefits the soil. It renders the
soil dark in color, and a dark soil ab-;
sorbs more heat than a light colored;
one; that is of considerable advantage,
in the early spring. A soil filled with
organic matter is also capable of hold-;
ing more moisture than one that Is
deficient in this constituent. In a dry;
year this may mean the difference be-
tween a fair crop and a complete fail-
ure.
These being facts, why don’t we
plow under more organic matter? Why
don’t we grow more clover or other
legumes which actually draw plant
food—nitrogen—from the air and store
it up in their tissues later to be con-
verted into plant food in the soil?
Every man should include one or more
legumes in his rotation for soil build-
ing purposes and thus maintain the
fertility of his farm.
DRAFT EQUALIZER FOR PLOWS
Inventor Provides Evener Connected
at Point at One Side of Center
of Load Drawn.
The Scientific American illustrates, .
and describes a draft equalizer invent^
ed by J. L. Klages of Rockford, la.,
as follows:
The inventor provides a draft equal-
izer for plows and other loads in
which the evener is connected at a
point at one side of the center to the
load to be drawn, and the draft de-
vices are provided with flexible ele-
ments which pass over pulleys on the
Suitable Machinery Is Essential
to Proper Work.
Owing to Limited Time to Make Ap-
plication, It Is- Necessary to
Take Advantage of Every
Convenience at Hand.
(By P. W. FAUROT.)
As timeliness is the first essential
of successful spraying so is suitable
machinery the first essential of good
work. In the selection of a spraying
outfit there are several points that
should be considered. The type suit-
able to the requirements of the or-
chard In which It is to be used; wheth-
er a hand pump is sufficient or wheth-
er a power outfit is required; the ac-
cessories, tanks, etc., are all impor-
tant details in the makeup of a com-
plete outfit.
There are some dozen or fifteen re-
liable concerns which manufacture
spray machines. Each year nearly
every one of these establishments
adds some improvement which tends
to facilitate and lighten the work of
spraying. Only the very best should
be selected. Owing to the very limited
time for making some of the most
important applications, it is necessary
to take advantage of every possible
convenience for facilitating the work.
Wagon tanks of two hundred gal-
lons capacity or more should be about
five to six feet long, have a round
bottom and a flat top. When made of
cypress they retail at from fifteen to
twenty dollars. Cocoanut-oil barrels
or wine casks also make good tanks
for home-made outfits. For power
outfits two-hundred-gallon tanks are
the most convenient size. Larger
tanks are frequently used but are like-
ly to cause delay from overload.
The agitator is one of the important
essentials of every outfit, whether op-
erated by hand or power. Barrel
pumps usually have an agitator at-
tached but with tank pump and power
outfits the agitator must be consid-
ered in connection with the tank. The
agitators furnished with power outfits
"■e usually one of two types, of which
_e propellor type is by all odds the
;s ^more desirable. It consists of an iron
geared to the engine and working
through a stuffing box in the end of
the tank. This agitator answers fair-
ly well for bordeaux mixture or ar-
senate of lead but it is not sufficient
to keep either paris green or self-
boiled lime-sulphur well in suspen-
sion.
For large tank pumps operated by
band the propeller agitator may be
conveniently operated by means of a
shaft fitted with a sprocket-wheel and
crank attached to the top of the tank
and running parallel with the agitator
shaft. There is one serious objection
to the use of agitators operated by
band and that is the impossibility of
getting men to appreciate the neces-
sity of constant and vigorous agita-
tion.
EARN THEIR CROSSES
WRITER TELLS OF BRAVERY OF;
GERMAN FIELD COOKS.
shaft extending lengthwise __ of the
tank, on which are three or four, pre-
ferably four, propellerlike paddles. It
Draft Equalizer.
ends of the evener, and one flexible
element is connected with a swinging
lever mounted on the evener at the
side of the center opposite the point
of attachment of the load, and the
other flexible element passes around
a pulley on the swinging lever and
is connected with the load.
Heavy Layer Is Hearty Eater.
The heavy layer is a hearty eater
Ttnd great drinker.
Improve Sanitary Conditions.
The recent epidemic of foot-and-
mouth disease has brought attention
very forcibly to the need and impor-
tance of spraying barns, cattle pens
and even the lots with disinfectants or
other agents that will improve the
sanitary conditions and make it less
possible for disease germs to remain.
Spraying machines, big and little,
were put to very effective use in the
great stockyards in Chicago as soon
as the disease was discovered, and
made it possible to very quickly disin-
fect the entire place.
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Causes of Infertility.
Over-feeding, especially of corn, and
lg.ck of exercise for the breeders, are
perhaps the most common causes of
infertility. This we have noticed es-
pecially with regard to birds that are
shown a great deal, being confined to
the show crops for weeks, fet highly
on whole grains, with insufficient green
feed and bulky matter.
Buy the Best Fanning Mill.
In buying a fanning mill, purchase
one that will do thorough work, even
though It costs a few dollars more in
the beginning. A cheaply constructed
mill is a poor investment. A good
mill should run easy and do the work
thoroughly. Don’t plant weed seeds.
Get Machinery In Order.
Get the machinery under the sheds,
oil and paint the different parts and
during stormy days go over each Im-
plement with the wrench and put them
in good condition.
Make the Fowls Scratch.
Have runs well littered with strawy
material on which to feed grains, cau&
ing the fowls to scratck for their food
Wagon Tanks—A, With Propeller Agi-
tator; B, Swinging Agitator; C,
Round Dilution or Small Tank; D
and E, Strainer Box and Strainer.
is operated by means of a chain and a
sprocket-wheel on one end of the
main shaft or by a gear to the en-
gine. The agitator revolves rapidly,
keeping the contents of the tank thor-
oughly agitated and parts of the mix-
ture likely to settle evenly distributed
throughout. With some outfits it is
operated by hand by means of an up-
right lever; with others, by means of
a piston rod attached to the pump or
SOME SECRETS OF TOMATOES
Clip Out Runners and Fruit Will Be
Early and Handy to Pick—Im-
provement Over Old Way.
In choosing tomato plants for grow-
ing prize tomatoes, do not select tree
tomatoes, as they are not prolific, but
pick out some good, smooth, meaty
variety. Set the plants on the south
side of the stake, about four inches
from it, and train same to stake as it
grows, tying with binder twine or
cloth strings, which are preferable.
Many times when the vines are very
rank two branches will start to grow
from the top, but clip one off, allow-
ing only one to grow to a height of
five feet, then clip the tops and keep
them clipped, which will hasten the
ripening, and convert all the strength
of the vine into fruit
When the plants are eight or ten
Inches high, little runners or shoots
will appear in the forks. Here, writes
C. P. Bowsley in Farm and Home, is
where the whole secret lies. These
runners eap the main vines and turn
QUICK PRODUCTION OF MEAT
Swine Afford Opportunity of Realizing
Profit Quicker Than in Any
Other Way.
After all Is said and done regarding
the necessity of increasing the meat
supply, the fact remains that meat
can be produced quicker and in great-
er supply by hogs than in any other
__s
52
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2*
An Adjustable Roughage Stack Cover
—Roughage Stacked in Hog Lot
Should Be Protected by Cover—Sim-
ple Roof Adjusted on Four Corner
Posts Is Satisfactory.
way. While sheep and cattle will give
an annual increase of from 60 to 100
per cent, the swine will give from 500
to 1,500 per cent. Likewise, while cat-
tle are two years in getting ready for
market, hogs can be ready in six to
eight months.
On the other side of the argument is
the fact that the hog is useful for meat
production only, while sheep are used
for wool as well as meat; dairy cows
have as their main purpose the produc-
tion of milk products; and range cat-
tle as well as sheep, are raised under
conditions and on feed which would be
tittle good“for commercial hog produc-
tion.
The loss by disease among hogs is
also high. And when^the subject is
carried farther, the hen comes close
to carrying off highest honors for re-
production.
A 200-egg hen, if every egg would
hatch, could with the assistance of
the incubator totally outshadow all
other domestic animals in the number
of offspring produced per annum, or
the value of the eggs themselves,
which in nature and digestibility are in
many respects a meat product, make
the hen the champion meat producer
of the farm.
No. 1 Potato Grower.
So long as the potato bug exists,
potatoes, in the right kind of soil, one
year with another, will be a paying
crop. You can bank on this, young
man; so do not be afraid to grow
into a No. 1 potato grower.
Study Your Farm.
Get acquainted with your farm
Study every stratum of the soil—learn
what fertilizer it needs to produce the
biggest crops and make every foot of
ground give you the maximum re-
turns.
Value of Farm Shop.
A farm shop is a valuable place on
stormy days. In it the harness can
bo oiled and the machinery overhauled
and put in shape for spring.
tomatoes. When they appear pinch
them off and allow only one main vine
to grow. The fruit buds or blossoms
will also appear in the same fork, but
do not disturb them. Keep clipping
out the runners every time you find
any or when you cultivate them. The
fruit will be nice, early, clean, handy
to pick, a great improvement over the
old way.
Are Held Responsible for Feeding tho
Men in the Trenches, and Well
and Nobly They Are Doing
Their Duty.
“There isn’t anything heroic about
cooks,” writes Herbert Corey to the
New York Globe, ‘‘and when things go:
wrong one either apprehends a cook!
as chasing a waiter with a bread knife!
or giving way to tears.” Yet the Ger-
man army contains many a cook whoso*
expansive apron is decorated with the
iron cross. “And the iron cross,” Mr.
Corey reminds us, “is conferred for
one thing only—for 100 per cent cour-
age.” The writer tells an interesting
tale:
" ‘They’ve earned it,’ said the man
who had seen them. ‘They are the
bravest men in the kaiser’s four mil-
lions. I’ve seen generals salute greasy,
paunchy, sour-looking army cooks.’
“The cook’s job is to feed the men
of his company. Each German com-
pany is followed or preceded by a field
kitchen on wheels. Sometimes the fires
are kept going while the device
trundles along. The cook stands on
the footboards and thumps his bread.
He is always the first man up in the
morning and the last to sleep at night.
The Teuton believes in plenty of food
—of a sort. A well-fed soldier will
fight. A hungry one may not.
“ ‘When the company gets into camp
at night,’ said the man who knows,,
‘the cook is there before it, swearing
at his fires and the second cook, and
turning out quantities of a depressing
looking veal stew, which is, neverthe-
less, very good to eat.’
“ ‘When that company goes into the
trenches the cook stays behind. There
is no place for a field kitchen in a four-
foot trench. But these men in the
trench must be fed. The Teuton in-
sists that all soldiers must be fed—
but especially the men in a trench.
The others may go hungry, but these
must have tight belts. Upon their
staying power may depend the safety
of an army.
“ ‘So, as the company cannot go to
■the cook, the cook goes to the com-
pany. When meal hour comes he puts
a yoke on his shoulders and a cook’s
cap on his heaji Lne o® -
ond .cook c6 what will happen if he
lets the fires go out, puts a bucketful
of the veal stew on either end of the
yoke and goes to his men. Maybe the
trench is under fire. No matter. His
men are in that trench and must be
fed.
“ ‘Sometimes the second cook gets his
step right here. Sometimes the ap- .
prentice cook—the dish washer—is
summoned to pick up the cook’s yoke
and refill the spilled buckets and tramp
steadily forward to the line. Some-
times the supply of assistant cooks,
even, runs short. But the men in the
trenches always get their food.
“ ‘That’s why so many cooks in the
German army have iron crosses dan-
gling from their breasts,’ said the man
who knows. ‘No braver men ever lived.
The man in the trench can duck
head and light his pipe and be rela?
tively safe. No fat cook yoked to twe
buckets of veal stew ever can be safe
as he marches down the trench under
fire But he always marches. His men.
are always fed, and fed on time. The
hero of the German campaign is thd!
fat cook of the field kitchen.’ ”
' uuuti n vay LUO menu vmco ttiiu turn w*
»U the strength into vines instead of i the pen.
Transplanting Is Necessary.
Transplanting is necessary""in start-
ing the best plants. It insures more
healthy and stalky plants than when
they are allowed to grow up in the
hothouse row just as thick as when
they came up.
A small hothouse will pay large re-
turns on any farm and afford the ta-
ble with the luxuries of the season
that would otherwise be Impossible to
get without going to a great »-qpense,
Hens for Breeders.
Remember that hens are much more
satisfactory for breeders than are pul-
lets, and as a rule not more than ten
or twelve females should constitute
Thought He Could Use It.
“I say, have you got a good shin-
bone?” asked the young man limping
into the butcher shop.
“Sure thing,” said the butcher, get-
ting busy.
“Well, if it’s a good one I want it.
I nearly broke one of mine last night
in a game of hockey.”
His Specialty.
Directory Canvasser—What bust*;
ness is your husband engaged in, Mrs.
Loberts?
Mrs. Loberts—He’s an inventor.
Directory Canvasser—Has he anyi
particular specialty?
Mrs. Loberts—Yes; he invents ex*i
cuses.
Blondine Process.
"Now some expert claims that you]
can turn dark hair light by simply sit-i
ting still and fixing your thoughts onj
the desired end. Think there is any-!
thing in it?”
“Maybe so. I’ve often heard that si-;
lence is golden.”—Louisville Courier**'
Journal.
British Orders of Knighthood.
There are eight orders of knight-
hood in the British empire, of which,
the highest is, the Order of the Gaiv
ter.
Deer In Game Refuge.
It is estimated that the govern-
ment's Grand canyon game refuge, in
Arizona, now contains about ten thou-
sand deer.
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Vernor, J. E. The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 12, No. 32, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 13, 1915, newspaper, April 13, 1915; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth906196/m1/3/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Lampasas Public Library.