The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 6, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 13, 1917 Page: 2 of 6
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THE LAMPASAS DAILY LEADER
■to
MATERIAL FOR SILOS
UNTREATED WOOD FOUND SUB-
JECT TO MORE OR LESS DECAY.
Deterioration Usually Occurs Near
Foundation Where Certain Condi-
tions of Moisture Favorable
to Decay Exist.
Experience with silos built of un-
treated wood has-shown that they are
subject to more or less decay. Even
such durable material as heart cypress
or redwood is not immune. Deteriora-
tion usually occurs near the founda-
tion of the silos where certain condi-
tions of moisture favorable for the de-
velopment of the fungus of decay ex-
ist. Decay may also attach sappy
wood In any portion of the structure.
In 1913 about 100,000,000 board feet
of high-grade lumber were used in silo
construction and the consumption of
lumber for this purpose has been
steadily increasing ever since. The
jimportance of some kind of preserva-
tive treatment to prevent decay in
(wooden silos, therefore, has become
(generally recognized. Several manu-
facturers of wood-stave silos are now
(making use of preservatives so that
it is possible to purchase the silo ma-
terial already treated.
Of the various preservatives in gen-
eral use, a good grade of coal-tar
creosote is very satisfactory for pre-
serving timber. Almost any thorough
method of treatment with this pre-
servative ought to add to the life of
<the silo. Superficial methods, how-
ever, such as applying with a brush,
(dipping in the preservative, or spray-
■ Hit-.
z
I|1v: If:
t K
Silo of Treated Wood.
|ing are not sufficient. By .far the best
(method is to have the staves treated
(with the preservative in a closed re-
port under pressure, and when so treat-
led they should last indefinitely and
ishould be more satisfactory to the pur-
chaser.
Those who are considering the pur-
chase of treated silos should investi-
jgate carefully the methods used, and
(if greatest permanence is desired,
(should choose only material that has
(received a thorough pressure treat-
ment. Silos built of such material
ihave the additional advantage of re-
iduction in the swelling and shrinking
;of the staves; and, hence, they can be
(kept tight more easily. Another ad-
vantage of silos built of well-treated
'wood is that they need not be painted.
Blackberries Preferred.
Because of the marked Immunity of
(blackberries to crown gall, which may
I be transmitted to fruit trees, that
(crop should be preferred to raspber-
iries for orchard interplanting.
Avoid Cold Wettings.
Sheep must not be allowed any cold
(Tain wettings.
It he skin.
FOWLS IN VIGOROUS HEALTH
Bright Red Comb, Clear Eyes and Ap-
pearance of Alertness Are to Be
Sought For.
The successful experienced poultry
;man only needs one glance at your
(pen of chickens to enable him to make
ja good estimate as to the health con-
dition of your flock.
A bright red comb, clear eyes and
jan appearance of alertness, is seldom
(seen except when a chicken Is engrty-
jtng the best of health. Occasionally
jit is true that hens which are overfat
(and in danger of apoplexy may carry
(with them good health certificates
/hich are not deserved.'
When the comb turns from its nat-
ural bright red color to purple, or an
(even darker shade, the caretaker may
(expect ptomaine poisoning or other
form of poisoning, Indigestion or liver
trouble, and If the comb assumes a
light color, except when the bird is
molting, tine poultry man should ex-
jpect bow^l trouble or tuberculosis.
(One of the first things the ^beginner
ishould study U the appearance of
LABOR PROBLEMS ON FARMS
Keep Hired Man Busy in Woodlot Se-
curing Firewood, Sills, Etc.—
Exercise for Horses.
The farm woodlot will soon help to
Solve some of the knotty problems as
to labor upon the farm. Often the
right kind of labor cannot be kept
upon the farm because it is not em-
ployed the year round. Better under-
standing of the value of the woodlot
may assist materially in solving tire
labor problems on our farms. When
Well-Cared-For Woodlot.
nothing else can be done, labor can be
used in a woodlot to distinct advan-
tage.
The taking out of firewood, posts,
barn sills, piles, ties, etc., keeps the
hired man busy, and may prevent the
horses from eating their heads off In
the barn. Throughout the winter
there are days when both men and
teams can work profitably in the forest
and the bulk of thu cutting should be
done in the winter, but the cutting up
of the tops and the burning of the
brush may be done most easily after
the snow has disappeared.
By thus balancing the work of the
farm, the woodlot can be greatly Im-
proved in productive capacity and iu
appearance and labor and teams may
be employed profitably.
FEEDING TRIAL AT MICHIGAN
Field-Bean Straw Found to Be Supe-
rior to Oat Straw for Fattening
Lambs—Adds to Profits.
In a feeding trial at the Michigan
experiment station, H. W. Mumford,
now of the Illinois station, found
field-bean straw superior to oat
straw for fattening lambs. One may
judge from this that such straw,
therefore, lias considerable feeding
value for sheep at least, and it is
likely to have equal feeding value for
cattle and horses and to be no special
source of danger to either. In our
own experience, we have often
thrown small quantities of bean
straw out in the cattle yard, so the
cattle could eat It if desired. What
little there was of It they appeared to
eat with relish; no doubt because it
came as a change from their usual
forage. It is not likely, however,
that any kind of farm stock will eat
it i» large quantities because of Its
coarse nature. Also there will no
doubt be a large percentage of waste
left by the animals because of the
woody character of the main stems
of the bushes. It Is In keeping with
go»d economical practice, however,
to allow the stock to eat such of this
straw as It may desire. It is by
utilizing the unmerchantable products
of the farm in this way, and converting
them into meat or other merchantable
products that the farmer adds to his
profits.
Want Feed Frequently.
Baby colts, calves and pigs, like hu-
man babies, want their feed fre-
quently.
health or disease as indicated by the
appearance of the comb, eyes, car-
riage and attitude of his birds when
in vigorous health, and when out of
condition.
TREATMENT OF LOUSY STOCK
For Lice or Itch Wash With Solution
of Carbolic Soap—Select Warm
Day for Task.
Cattle kept In close, dark, foul sta-
bles and pens will become lousy. For
lice or itch wash with soap suds made
from strong lye.
Select warm day for this Job. After
washing rub dry and keep In warm
stable; this will kill the lice and cleanse
Farming Without Stock.
Farming without stock around, re-
minds one of keeping house with the
wife away, threshing without a separ-
ator, or hunting without a gun. It
can’t b» done very long.
It is h mistake to forget that the
hog is a grazing unimuL
INOCULATION BENEFICIAL TO ALFALFA
H#
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i i a m/rnriikiA a i r— a I V A A ft. I ra ipf'inninm r- a n m
HARVESTING ALFALFA ON MISSISSIPPI FARM.
(By P. G. HOLDEN, Former Dean of
Iowa State College.)
Inoculation never hurts, is generally
beneficial and often essential to the
growing of alfalfa.
In regions where alfalfa has not
been grown it is frequently found to
be very beneficial to Inoculate the
ground by sowing three or four hun-
dred pounds of soil secured from a field
where alfalfa has been grown for a
number of years; or where it is more
convenient, artificial cultures such as
nitrogen, farmogerm, etc., may be ap-
plied.
Well Prepared Seed Bed.
Alfalfa seed may be either drilled, or
sowed broadcast and harrowed in. The
seed can be more eveuly distributed if
one-lialf is sown in one direction and
the other half sown at right angles. It
is always a good plan to sow the seed
a little thicker around the edges of
the field, as this portion of the field is
more subject to injury from insects,
foxtail, etc.
While it is the custom In the humid
tegions to sow 20 pounds of seed to
the acre, ten to twelve pounds is suffi-
cient. If evenly distributed this will
give from fifty to sixty seeds for every
square foot, while one thrifty plant to
the square foot is sufficient.
A well-prepared, firm, solid seedbed,
plenty of g*0od barnyard manure, and
summer fallow to kill the weeds, are
most important. Then comes lime.
Inoculation and phosphorus are fre-
quently beneficial. Ground too wet
for corn Is not suited to alfalfa.
Cut at Proper Time.
When possible to do so it Is best to
cut alfalfa in the late afternoon or
evening. Dew or rain on the freshly-
cut alfalfa will not injure it. In the
morning the tedder should be started
as soon as most of the dew is off and
before there is any danger of knocking
off the leaves. It is often advisable to go
over it more than once. It should be
cut before it is in full bloom or as
soon as the young sprouts or shouts
start to grow at the base of the plant.
When alfalfa Is left too long before
cutting, the stems become woody, and
the yield of the next crop is greatly
reduced, and in addition the leaves,
which are the most valuable part of
the plant, fall off.
Equal to Wheat Bran.
The alfalfa should be raked and
either put in the barn, or If it is not
sufficiently dry, put into haycocks. It
Is a matter of economy to have two
or three hundred hay caps (made of
slx-cent muslin one yard square) to
use in case of bad weather. You may
think this is considerable bother, but
there Is no use in growing alfalfa and
then allowing it to spoil.
When we remember that good al-
falfa brings us In actual results nearly
as great returns as wheat bran, we
can better realize the importance of
taking care of it. If any of us had 500
“haycocks of bran” in the field, we
would take care of them, but with al-
falfa we think of it as “just hay.”
A*alfa hay is rather hard to cure,
HOGS ARE GOOD MONEY CROP
Many Factors Enter Into Cause for
Increased Interest Being Taken
in Swine Industry.
(By I. W. CARPENTER, Mississippi Ex-
periment Station.)
Due to the recent boom in pork pro-
duction, more people are going into
the hog business than ever before.
TWis is accounted for by several fac-
tors, the greatest doubtless being the
splendid work of the county agents in
securing a market for the small breed-
er through co-operative shipping.
Since learning the prices to be ex-
pected on the central markets many
men who started out by shipping five
or ten hogs along with their neighbors’
shipments are now preparing to ship
in carload lots.- Other factors in the
growth of the hog Industry are the pig
club work, and the failure of the cot-
ton crop causing the farmer to raise
hogs as the next best cash crop.
To get the best results in hog raising
a rotation of pasture and forage crops
must be plunted to furnish grazing the
yewr round, and It Is essential that a
but It is also true that it can be placed
in the barn or in stacks much greener'
than any other kind of hay. Twenty
pounds of salt sprinkled over each load
of hay will help to prevent heating,
and add to the palatability of the hay.
Where alfalfa is used for pasture,
care should be taken to avoid pastur-
ing it too closely; it should not be pas-
tured down closer than six inches and
be sure to leave eight to twelve inches
for winter protection. Don’t turn
stock on too early in the spring.
Alfalfa on Every Farm.
Reraembe^ that alfalfa can be
grown on your farm. It is no more
difficult to grow than clover and is
more hardy when once established.
It adapts itself to all kinds and con-
ditions of soil and climate. Alfalfa
produces three and sometimes four
crops per year in the corn belt.
Alfalfa is the cheapest source of pro-
tein. When wheat bran is worth .$22
per ton, good alfalfa hay is worth $20
to $22 per ton.
Alfalfa Is the most enriching crop
we have, and insures larger yields
from the crops that follow.
SUMMER FORAGE FOR SWINE
Sweet Sorghums Come at Time It Is
Difficult to Have Other
Green Feed.
(By W. R. DODSON. Director ot Experi-
ment Station, Louisiana State Univer-
sity.)
The sweet sorghums make a very ac-
ceptable forage for hogs in the early
summer, coming at a time when it is
sometimes difficult to have other green
feed. Sorghums are most serviceable
for grazing during May, June and early
July.
The results of experiments at the
Louisiana station have not indicated
the high value of sorghums as a graz-
ing or soiling crop for hogs they are
reputed to have. In fact, we do not
place a very high value on them, and
commend tlielr use only as a make-
shift. The only strong points in their
favor are that they give quick returns,
and may be had about the time winter
crops are not sufficiently matured for
best service.
The Early Amber, Tarly Orange or
Coleman are to be preferred. Any of
these may be sown in drills as soon as
danger of frost is passed, though
growth will not be rapid until warm
weather prevails. The middle of March
to the first of April is ordinarily a good
time to plant sorghum. However, the
crop may be planted as late as the first
of August. When sown in drills, with
rows of three and a half feet apart, It
takes about twelve pounds per acre to
give a thick stand. It is best to plant
the seed thick so the stalks will be
small.
The crop should be well cultivated
until it is about two feet high, if it is
to be grazed, or as conditions may re-
quire, if it is to be soiled. Planted
in early spring, the sorghums will ma«
ture in about 110 to 120 days.
good supply of feed be assured before
buying or breeding the hogs. The boar,
too, should be the best available, this
point often being the factor that de-
termines success or failure in pork
production. Pigs sired by a good boar
will grow better in the feed lot and
bring a premium on the market. And
last, but not least, the most success-
ful men carefully outline plans, get-
ting the criticisms of experienced men
and adhering to schedule after having
secured the best available information
on the subject.
Importance of Male Bird.
A valuable male bird will increase
the value of a flock of purebred fowls
many times his own cost, and a poor
male will very likely decrease the value
in proportion. Do not try to sav*
money by buying a cheap mahr.i,
Use for Oat Sprouters.
Oat sprouters, which can be bough*
from many incubator manufacturers
and others, enable one to furnish good
green food to the fowls in winter, and
green food Is necessary if»x gotnl egg
production.
%eKrrcnm
emm
Make yourselves nests of pleasant
thoughts.
Bright fancies, satisfied memories,
noble histories, faithful sayings, treas-
ure houses of precious and restful
thoughts, which care cannot disturb,
nor pain make gloomy, nor poverty
take away from us—house built with-
out hands for our souls to live in.—
John Ruskln.
SEASONABLE DISHES.
In many small places ft Is next to
Impossible to get any variety of fresh
meat. Lamb and
mutton are high
and so are other?
meats, but t h ^
housekeeper who
plans her meals i^t
able to make a
small piece of meat
furnish the meal by
cooking it en cas-
serole with vegetables. A pound of
mutton browned, then dredged with
flour, water and a quart of shredded
carrots added with a small chopped
onion and allowed to stew for two or
three hours makes a most satisfying
dish.
Bavarian Veal Chops.—Place In a
saucepan, six loin chops with a sliced
onion, six slices of carrot, two cloves,
a few peppercorns, two tablespoonfuls
of butter and enough boiling water to
cover. Cook slowly until the meat is
tender. Drain, season well, roll in flour
and saute iu pork fat until brown.
Serve with the vegetable, finely
chopped, in a brown sauce with cooked
macaroni.
Red Cabbage.—Wash and shred fine
one head of red cabbage. Put in a
deep skillet a spoonful of dripr’ \gs
and a shredded onion, when the onion
is a light brown, add the cabbage, stir
well and add boiling water to cover.
Cook one hour, then add three thinly
sliced apples and a pinch of salt, let
boil ten minutes; then stir in a level
tablespoonful of flour, blended with
three tablespoonfuls of vinegar. Boil
up and serve hot.
Swedish Fish Soup.—Make a stock
by cooking the head, tail, fins and any;
bones of a white fish like cod, haddock
or halibut, in cold water to cover. Add’
a slice each of onion and carrot, a
piece of bay leaf and a few pepper
corns. Cook slowly for one hour, then1
strain and thicken with two table-
spoonfuls of flour and butter cooked
together, using one quart of stock, sea-
son to taste with salt, paprika and*
add just before serving, a pint of milk.
Garnish with a few peas or chopped
parsley.
LEFT-OVER BREAD.
In most families any large amount
of dry bread on hand shows bad man-
agement, for toast of va-
rious kinds may be made,
supper dishes, puddings
and the crumbs are used
in too mauy ways to take
space to mention.
A half loaf of bread
may be dipped in cold
water and heated in the
oven a few moments,
making It almost like
fresh bread. French
toast, fried toast, cheese sandiviches
fri^d are all appetizing dishes which
may be prepared from stale or slightly
dry bread.
Supper Dish.—Spread four or five
slices of bread with butter, lay them
in the bottom of a buttered baking
dish, sprinkle with a half cupful of
grated or finely cut cheese, pour over
a pint of milk, two eggs, well beaten
and mixed; a little salt and a dash of
paprika. Bake until the custard is
set, then serve hot.
A delicious pudding may be made
using bread In the same way and
pouring over it canned fruit of any
kind or finely chopped rhubarb, mixed
with sugar. Bake until the fruit is
well soaked into the bread and servo
with cream and sugar.
Queen of Puddings.—Beat four egg
yolks with a cupful of sugar, add a
quart of milk, a pint of bread crumbs
and a pinch of salt. Bake until firm,
then spread over the top a layer of
crushed berries, with sugar or jelly
or preserved or canned fruit drained’
of its juice. Over this put the me-
ringue made of the beaten whites,
mixed with two tablespoonfuls of su-
gar. Brown and serve cold with a
sauce made from the canned fruit
used or with cream.
Bread buttered and cut in small
squares and plnccd butter side up on
the top of any e&calloped dish adds
to its appearance as well as its food
value. These small squares may be
browned in the oven and served with
soup. Finger-sized pieces, buttered
and browned and served with salad,
are also an addition to it.
Not one crumb of bread should be
wasted; even the chickens may be fed
a cheaper food?**--
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The Lampasas Daily Leader. (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 6, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 13, 1917, newspaper, March 13, 1917; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth906618/m1/2/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Lampasas Public Library.