The Houston Informer (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 12, No. 19, Ed. 1 Saturday, October 4, 1930 Page: 1 of 8
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: The Houston Informer and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Rice University Woodson Research Center.
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VOL. XII
■ A
TUILOIT
A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER FOR ALL THE PEOPLE
HOUSTON, TEXAS, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 4,1930
OUR PHO
Col. Branch
Frederick Bt
243
GEORGIA MOB LYNCHES WRONG NE(
Mordecai Johnson
Chosen One Of Ten
Religious Leaders
New York City.—(INS)—Dr. Mor-
decai W. Johnson, president of 'How-
ard University, Washington, D.* C.,
has been selected by Rabbi Stephen S.
Wise as one of ten men of religion
who are foremost in things spiritual
in this country. Rabbi Wise is recog-
nized everywhere as one of the great-
est minds and, spiritual leaders in
America, and i’s selections carry un-
usual weight for this reason. Dr.
Johnson has recently returned from
Haiti, where he served as a membe
of President Hoover’s educational
ocmmission of which Dr. R. R. Moton,
principalof Tuskegee Institute, was
the chairman. Since taking over the
presidency of Howard University, Dr.
Johnson has brought about more prog-
ress than the school had ever experi-
enced under former administrations.
Contrary to popular belief when he
NEGRO DAY WINS
MUCH APPLAUSE
AT TEXAS FAIR
BISHOP PREXY
ANNOUNCES BIG
GIFT TO SCHOOL
WINS PI
tooke charge as the first Negro pres-
ident of this university, Dr. Johnson
has succeeded in raising more money
for Howard than any of his prede-
cessors.
The other nine men selected by
Rabbi Wise were Rabbi Henry Cohan
of Galveston; John Holmes, pastor of
the Community Church of New York;
Harry Emerson Fosdick of Riverside
Church, New York; John A. Ryan,
professor of moral theology at the
Catholic University, Washington;
Francis J. McConnell, president of the
Federal Council of Churches of Christ
in America; Harry Ward, Union Theo-
logical Seminary, New York; Graham
Taylor, founder of Chicago Commons
Social Settlement, Chicago; Sherwood
Eddy, secretary for Asia of the Y. M.
C. A.; and Rufus Jones, Quaker, of
Haverford, Pa.
Marshall—( INS ,—In every re-
spect Negro Day at the Central East
Texas Fair, held here last Friday, was
one of the most, successful parts of
the entire program. Holidays were
declared in most of the local business
and industrial concerns employing Ne-
groes, the city schools were closed in
the afternoon, and classes at Wiley
and Bishop were cut short. The en-
tire fair grounds was given over to
the enjoyment of the colored popula-
tion, and they were there by the thou-
sands to take advantage of it.
The afternoon featured a football
game between Wiley and Houston
Junior College, in which Wiley was
the victor by a score of 12 to 0. Gor-
don’s gigantic fireworks filled the
evening program, and they were en-
joyed by the vast throngs which view-
ed them.
The 25 Negro agricultural exhibits
were displayed to great advantage,
and those responsible for these exhib-
its were very proud of them. During
the past seven years the management
of the fair has encouraged and grad-
ually increased this department of
Negro Day until this year it was one
of the greatest ever shown in the
South.
Prof. C. H. Waller, head of the ex-
tension work among Negro farmers
in Texas, in discussing this exhibit
with the writer, stated that, in his
opinion, this exhibit was conclusive
proof of the fact that the Negro
farmers in this section are improving
their conditions; and that he was cer-
tain from his close contact with them
that this state of affairs would be in-
creasingly more encouraging from
year to year.
NEGRO LAWYER
IS GIVEN HIGH
POST BY PARTY
Boston, Mass.—(ANP)—Hendlines
flared and gossip was rife in Republi-
can ranks when at the state conven-
tion Attorney Matthew W. Bullock, “a
dry,” and one of the most active polit-
ical leaders among colored people
here, was named on the resolutions
committee in preference to Mrs. Wil-
liam Lowell Putnam, sister of Presi-
dent Lowell of Harvard University,
Wednesday.
Mrs. Putnam had aspired to the po-
sition and expressed keen disappoint
meht when she was not- placed. She
attributed the action of the conven-
tion in this case to be due to her anti-
pathy to the prohibition movement
and her activities against the Volstead
Act.
Neither Mr. Bollock nor Mrs. Put-
nam are residents of the 10th district
for which the vacancy was filled. ■
Mr. Bullock is a well-known Bos-
ton attorney and is a member of the
state board of parole. He is regard-
ed as one of the ablest leaders of the
race in this section and has for sev-
eral years been a tireless worker for
the Republican party.
NEGROES DESERT G. 0. P.
Little Rock, Ark.—(INS)—Despite
the fact that there is a considerable
Negro population in Crittenden Coun-
ty, Ark., Wallace Townsend, Republi-
can national committeeman for this
state, has been unable to find a sin-
gle Republican in the county. Town-
send has been trying to find someone
to serve as county election commis-
sioner, but to date every person whom
he has had in mind has turned out
to be a true and tried Democrat. •
A cash gift of $9,000 was made re-
cently to the school of theology of
Bishop College according to an an-
nouncement by President Joseph J.
Rhoads. The gift will make possible
the employment of an additional pro-
fessor this year.
The name of .the donor was with-
held, but it is understood that it
represents the interest of a philan-
thropist in the college, and that an-
,nual allowances Will probably be made
to the institution in the future for
the specific purpose of improving the
training provided for ministerial stu-
dents.
“On the strength of this gift the
Baptist churches and individual mem-
bers and friends of the denomination
will be asked to contribute $2,000 to
the college this year," the president
said.
Two other gifts were made to the
college recently by friends who have
not been announced! A complete of-
fice equipment and two etchings were
presented for the president’s office;
and a 300 volume private library of
a prominent white citizen of East
Texas. The office equipment repre-
sents a cash outlay of $150. The
original cost of the library was at
least $3,000 and the books are in ex-
cellent condition.
FLORIDA MOB TAR
AND FEATHER JEW
FOR LIKING NEGRO
Miami, Fla.—(INS)—Characteriz-
ed as a “dangerous radical” because
of his alleged association with Ne-
groes and because he is alleged th be
at the head of a group of commun-
ists in this city, David Weinberg a
44-year-old Jewish tailor was taken
from his home last Tuesday night,
beaten, gagged, and given a coat of
tar and feathers. He told the writer,
who interviewed him, that three men
attacked him after enticing him to
leave his residence. He further stat-
ed that, after disrobing him and ap-
plying tar and feathers to his body,
they tied him in a white hooded gar-
ment and tossed him from an 'auto-
mobile at a downtown street inter-
section early today.
After having been treated at a lo-
cal hospital Weinberg was removed
to the city jail on the charge that he
had been too friendly with Negroes
and had distributed communistic lit-
erature to the Negroes of the' town.
Weinberg denied the charges and was
later released after his attorney had
filed habeas corpus proceedings.
White Man Wills
Entire Fortune
To Race Woman
TEXAS NEGRO IS
J SUDDENLY MADE
RICH FROM OIL
Troup.—(INS)—Until recently
John Henry Sessom was like most
other Negroes in this community, that
is, suffering from hard times and the
lack of ready cash. True he was an
incessant worker and owned a small
farm. But, due to crop failures and
other reverses, his debts had accumu-
lated and he was unable to pay them.
Being honest and desirous of liquidat-
ing his obligations, he offered to sell
his farm to one of his creditors for
the small sum of $35 per acre. A
representative of the company report-
ed: “Why, it’s too poor to sprout
speckled peas. I don’t think we could
G. A.H. SHEPPARD, Th. B., Bish
op College, Marshall, recipient of a
$1,700 fellowship from a special fund
administered by Dr. J. H. Dillard of
the Jeanes-Slater Board. The fel-
lowship will be renewed and Mr.
Sheppard will spend three years at
the Hartford Theological Seminary,
Hartford, Conn. The fellowship was
granted on recommendation of Presi-
dent Joseph J. Rhoads,
PRINTED REPORT
ON PRAIRIE VIEW
CONFERENCE OUT
ever get anything but grief out of it,
for it’s too poor to sell.”
Recently a big oil well was brought
in close to Sessom’s property, and he
has already been offered $500 per
acre for a mineral lease. The former
creditor is now expressing great re-
gret that he did not purchase the
land.
REORGANIZED
Prairie View.—The first” annual
session of the Conference on Educa-
tion for Negroes in Texas
at Prairie View Stale Coll
sessions of the coni erence:
Walton, president of the J
College; and Dr. L.
tant state superint
instruction, presided
of the conference he
edited and publishe ough Prin-
Negro education in Texas and is said
to be the most comprehensive story
on the subject yet published.
The bulletin embraces statistics
carefully studied and arranged. It
shows the enrollment, the library fa-
cilities, the value of property of the
four Negro colleges of the state, of
high and elementary schools, and en-
rollment in the Smith-Hughes classes.
The training of teachers and the
length of school terms are shown as
well as the donations made to Negro
education in Texas by the Rosenwald,
the Jeanes, the Rockefeller, and the
Slater funds.
W. Ro
vened
Over
T. 0.
id M.
ELKS REELECT
H.P. CARTER AS
STATE LEADER
MO
ICK
LOCAL DOCTOR
FIRST WEEKS AT COLORED HIGH
SCHOOLS SHOW FINE
00K
AND INCREASED ENROLLMENT
They’re off! And yet this is not a
race track story. But it is a story
about a race that is far more import-
ant than any race that any horse has
ever run on any race track. It is
about the race of life which is being
begun or continued by the thousands
of boys and girls who have enrolled
in the Negro high schools of Houston.
The race started on September 15,
and The Informer was interested to
know how it was going and how the
participants were getting started. So
the writer was delegated to call on
the high school principals to find out
what kind of start they had had and
what the prospects for the year are.
So, here we are.
Jack Yates High
Prof. James D. Ryan showed on
his face that he was well pleased with
what has happened during these few
days at Jack Yates, where the enroll-
ment to date is 1,246, which is a de-
cided increase over last year’s enroll-
ment. The number of the staff re-
mains the same except that there is
a music teacher who gives a half day
each day to music and all positions
have oeen filled with the exception of
that of secretary-librarian. “I am
greatly encouraged by the cooperation
and enthusiasm on the part of my
staff and students, and I look forward
to the very best year in Jack Yates'
history,” Prof. Ryan said.
Booker T. Washington High
Prof. W. E. Miller, principal of
Booker Washington, beamed with the
happiness which he feels as he was
asked about prospects for his school
for the coming year. His enrollment
is 727, which is an increase over last
year. “We began actual class work
on the second day of school and have
been hard at it since,” Prof. Miller
told the writer; and he feels that
1930-31 should be a banner year at
Booker T. Washington high School.
Phyllis Wheatley High
“We have had a fine start” were
the words which came without hesita-
tion from the lips of Prof. E. 0.
Smith as he was asked about Wheat-
ley High. Further questioning brought
out the fact that the enrollment this
year is 1,234 as against 774, and the
number of the staff 37 as against 25
last year. “I have never seen a time
when school children were so anxious
for vacation time to come to a close,”
was the way Prof. Smith described
the spirit in which the children had
gone about their work.
Harper Junior High
“Harper has a more promising out-
look this year than at the beginning
of any previous year. The enrollment
shows an increase. The number of
the staff remains the same, but its
efficiency has increased through sum-
mer studies." In the foregoing words
Prof. E. A. Chester told us of the
start which has been made at Harper.
Baltimore, Md.—(INS)—It is not
often that white men publicly and.as
a matter of record reward the Ne-
groes who have served them faithful-
ly, at least not to the extent of leav-
ing any considerable portion of their
estate to such Negroes. The excep-
tion became known to have accurred
here recently when the last will and
testament of Charles C. Harrell, sec-
ondhand furniture dealer, .was filed
for record in the Orphans’ Court. By
this will Harrell left his entire estate,
reputed to be valued at several hun-
dred thousand dollars, to Miss Asline
Fletcher, who had been a faithful
servant and helper to him through
many years.
The daughters of the dead man,
Miss Pauline Harrell of Atlanta, Ga.,
and Mrs. Marion Harrell Brown of
Washington, D. C., have served notice
through their attorney, Harry W.
Nice, that they intended to contest the
will. Both the attorney and the
daughters expressed themselves at
being outraged at the insult which
their father had heaped upon them in
leaving his vast estate to a Negro.
Attorneys for Miss Fletcher, however,
state that under the laws of Mary-
land a man may leave his property to
whom he wishes and that there is
not the possible chance of the will
being broken.
When reached for an interview
Miss Fletcher said that she had no
further statement to make than that
Mr. Harrell knew what he was doing,
was satisfied with the will, and that
she more than deserved the considera-
tion which he had shown her.
WHITE FAMILIES TAKE
COTTON PICKING JOBS
AWAY FROM NEGROES
Oklahoma City, Okla.—(INS)-
Formerly it was the universal
practice in this state to use Negro
cotton pickers exclusively. But re-
cent developments indicate that, if
something is not done, cotton pick-
ing will no longer be a traditional
Negro job. W. A. Murphy, state
commissioner of labor, recently is-
sued a call for 50 white families
to pick the golden fleece at Erick
and 16 white families for service
at Elk City. Negroes complained
of this seeming discrimination, but
to no avail..
Waco, Texas.—The Texas State
Association of the I. B. P. 0.
E. of the world met here September
26, 27 and 28, with 291 delegates from
14 lodges present. This included 5
new lodges, showing a healthy growth
of the association.
Prof. Jas. D. Ryan, exalted ruler of
Gibraltar Lodge, Houston, was the
principal speaker; Rev J. Rhone,
pastor of the A. M. E. Church of
Waco, delivered the best annual
memorial sermon that the delegates
had heard.
H. P. Carter was reelected state
president without opposition. Sever-
al minor officers were changed but all
the members of the president’s cabi-
net who were present were retained.
San Antonio was selected for the
place of the next meeting. The execu-
tive meeting will be held in March,
1931, upon call of the president. The
administration of Hon. J. Finley Wil-
son was endorsed.
Delegates report this as the most
successful meeting yet held. A great
time was had at the various social
events closed dances, dinner and
breakfast dances, golf tournament,
and auto ride to Lake Worth, all ar-
ranged by the Judge Evans Lodge of
Waco. Exalted Ruler J. T. Duncan
promises an even greater time at San
Antonio beginnig the first Sunday in
August, 1931.
CHINAMAN LOSES PANTS
TO “WINDY CITY” NEGRO
Chicago, Ill.—(INS)—It is not of-
ten that Chinamen play the game of
other races, especially when they can-
not speak their language. But Sarnie
Kee, local chink laundryman, forgot
himself and played the age-old game
of the bug under the chip with Otsie
Balfour, dapper confidence man of
Chicago’s famous South Side. The
stakes on Kee’s side of the game
were the Chinaman’s only pair of
pants. He lost to Blafour and made
complaint to the police that he had
been cheated. Balfour was taken to
jail but Kee could not appear against
him because he had no pants.
Two enormous turbine generators
to be installed by the Brooklyn Edi-
son Co. will furnish 160,000 kilowatts,
sufficient to light nearly a half bil-
lion flashlight bulbs or enough to gir-
dle the globe at the equator with the
lights four inches apart.
Victim Exonerated
By White Warden
After The Lynching
Thomasville, Ga.—(INS)—Georgia, 1
the banner .lynching state in the
world, again has demonstrated that
what it wishes most is not to punish,
even by lynching, guilty Negroes who
commit crimes that do not appeal to
its white citizenry as being such as
to entitle its perpetrator to a regular
trial by the orderly processes of the
courts of the state. And Georgia, true
to its ideals of civilization, has lynch-
ed another innocent Negro.
Recently in this community a young
girl reported that she had been at-
tacked by a Negro. Immediately, as
is the custom, the orderly processes
of government adjourned, so far as
this particular matter was concerned,
and hundreds of self-righteous white
men decided that the unspotted
integrity of the law was at stake, and
that justice would be thwarted if they
did not rise in all their customary
hate and vent their spleen upon some
poor Negro, guilty or innocent.
So the mob was quickly formed and
proceeded about its mission. As time
was of the essence, and impelled by
their slogan that some Negro’s blood
must be shed in the shortest possible
time, the mob went immediately to a
convict camp nearby, arrested Willie
Kirkland, a 20-year-old Negro lad
who was serving a sentence for horse
stealing, and carried him away and
lynched him. Kirkland was hanged
from the limb of tree in Magnolia
Gardens, a suburb about a mile from
the heart of Thomasville.
The warden of the convict camp in
which Kirkland was arrested remain-
ed silent while his prisoner was be-
ing dragged away, and made no pro-
test against this ruthless determina-
tion to shed some Negro’s blood. But .
the next day, after Kirkland was dead
and on his way to whatever place he
may be resigned, the warden gave out
a statement that Kirkland was at the
camp all during the day upon which
the girl was supposed to have been
attacked; and that in fact they had
lynched the wrong man.
DIXIE PRIMARY TRYTOPLACATE
SYSTEM WILL BE NEGRO VOTERS
INVESTIGATED IN NEW JERSE
S-. ChitTable has happe
DR. CHAS. W. PEMBERTON
Marshall, Texas.—At the state
grand lodge of the Mosaio Templars
of America held here Saturday, Sept.
27, Judge Scipio A. Jones, national
grand master, appointed Dr. Chas. W.
Lincoln, Neb.—(INS)—The inevit- Trenton, N. J.—(INS)—Anticipat-
ing what may happen in the Nover-sh
ber senatorial elections, in which
was awn nngpened. South ern, mem-
bers of congress have always insisted
upon requiring every other section of
the country to live up absolutely to
every law of the land, but have like-
wise insisted that it was nobody’s
business what happened in the South.
This has been true of the disfranchise-
ment of Negroes under the well
Pemberton of Houston, to take charge
of the southern part of Texas, and A. known primary system. . As long as
W. Weatherford of Texarkana, over
the northern half of Texas, both un-
der the direct supervision of the na-
tional grand master. Dr. Pember-
ton was accompanied to Marshall by
Lawyer Nabrit of Nabrit, Atkins and
Wesley, who is his personal attorney.
Judge Jones announced that plans
of reorganization have been complet-
ed and that the most modern frater-
nal insurance society among our
group will supercede the former or-
ganization. The assets of the old or-
ganization will be used in liquidating
all outstanding claims which amount
to approximately $300,000. The lia-
bilities are, however, fully protected
by the assets which are sufficient to
liquidate, but as most of the assets
consist of real estate, there, will be
some delay because of the depression
in the real estate, market at the pres-
ent time. In order to protect the
thousand of living members, the
Modern Order of Mosaic Templars of
America has been organized as the
most modern and popular fraternal
insurance society operated for the
benefit of our group. The money paid
by the living members will be used
to pay their claims when they come
due and not to pay any of the back
claims. Thus the new organization
will be in position to pay all claims
as soon as death proof is furnished.
Heretofore, the field of activity and
scope of service of our fraternal in-
surance societies have been limited
and as a result, the fraternal insur-
ance societies have not rendered the
kind of service that the living mem-
bers desire. Therefore, the Modern
the senate campaign funds committee
confined itself to what happened in
the North, West and East, things
were as they should be. But it was
inevitable that all improper elections
of congressmen, whatever the impro-
priety might be, should sooner or lat-
er be investigated, frowned upon. It
could not be expected that the senate
would forever close its eyes to the
election of a group of its members
under a system of complete disfran-
chisement of a fourth to a half of the
voting, population. And the inevitable
has happened.
(Continued On Editorial Page)
JEWS FACE DANCER
OF BEING DRIVEN
OFF GERMAN SOIL
New York City.—(INS)—Recently
developments in Germany have dem-
onstrated again that Negroes are not
the only race in the world which
stands in danger of suffering at the
hands of racial prejudice and bigotry.
The recent election in which the Fasc-
ist Brown Shirts achieved second
place in power in the Reichstac por-
tends evil for the German-Jew. For
if the Fascists ever get control the
Jews face the following portion of
that party’s platform: (1) All Jews
who have entered Germany since Au-
gust 2, 1914, would be expelled; (2)
the term “Jew” would mean anyone
whose ancestors practiced the Mo-
saic faith after March 11, 1852; (3)
Jews would be banned from service in
the German army or navy, and would
pay a special tax by reason of this
“exemption;” (4) Jews would not be
admitted to schools of higher learn-
ing, either as teachers or instructors;
(5) sales of land to Jews would be
void; (6) Jewish-owned news organs
would be compelled to state that fact
in their front-page headline, printing
under it the symbolic Mogen Dovid
(Star of David).
After trailing the activities of a
Ku Klux Klan grand dragon through
the recent Nebraska Republican sena-
torial primary, the senate campaign
funds committee left here today to
inquire into the North Carolina and
Tehnessee primaries. It will be re-
membered that in North Carolina the
veteran Senator Lee S. Overman did
everything in his power to prevent
Negroes from voting in the primary
elections, but for the most part had
no success, and went down to igno-
minious defeat before his more tole-
rant opponent, Josiah Bailey.
Senator Gerald P. Nye, chairman of
the committee, said that the commit-
tee would convene again October 14,
but that it had not yet been decided
which of these two primaries would
be investigated first. But it is widely
reported that the committee plans a
complete investigation into the pri-
maries of every state which continues
to elect senators under systems which
are in direct defiance of the decisions
of the Supreme Court of the United
States and the Circuit Court of Ap-
peals for the Fourth Circuit.
ANOTHER STATUTE
IS UNVEILED IN
HONOR OF LINCOLN
Dixon, m.—(INS)—Unveiling of a
statue to the immortal Abraham Lin-
coln and discussion of the part which
Lincoln played in the life of Illinois
and of the United States, was a part
of a recent four-day centennial and
home-coming here. The statue, a
large bronze likeness of Lincoln as he
appeared as a young captain cam-
paigning against Chief Blackhawk, in
the Blackhawk Indian War, is by Leo-
nard Crunelle, who did the work at
the expense of the state.
The Rev. William E. Barton, na-
tionally recognized authority on Lin-
coln, delivered the dedication speech.
Among other things he emphasized
the great social and economic value
to America which the emancipation
proclamation had been, and how im-
possible it would have been for the
Southern states to achieve their pres-
ent measure of prosperity and de-
velopment had slavery continued.
Texas tax values for 1930 are $4,-
280,498,578 for the year. Real values
are more than $12,500,000, increase of
$2,649,000,000 in the past eight years
or more than $800,000,000 a year.
Dwight W. Morrow, ambassador to
Mexico, is the Republican nominee,
the leaders of the Republican party
in New Jersey, led by Governor Mor-
gan F. Larson, are very much con-
cerned over the attitude which Ne-
gro voters of the state may take to-
ward the candidacy of Mr. Morrow.
This matter was discussed at length
at a recent conference in the govern-
or’s office, at which, among others,
there were present Senators Hamil-
ton F. Kean and David Baird.
As stated by the governor at the
end of the conference, the difficulty
arises out of the fact that the two
United States Senators had voted in
the senate for the confirmation of '
Judge John J. Parker as a member
of the Supreme Court of the United
States, and that “it is common knowl-
edge that the Negroes of New Jer-
sey were very displeased at Kean’s
and Baird’s votes. Governor Larson
said that, while they were quite dis-
turbed over the possibility of a de-
fection of the Negro vote to the Dem-
ocratic candidate, State Senator Alex-
ander Simpson, plans were under way
to placate the Negro voters and to
keep them thereby in the ranks of
the Republican party. The governor
declined to state the nature of the
steps which would be taken in this di-
rection.
BUSINESS MAN
TALKS TO LOCAL
WHITE T CROUP
On last Thursday morning J. Al-
ston Atkins, secretary and treasurer
of the Safety Investment Company,
talked to the staff of the central as-
sociation of the Houston Y. W. C. A.
on the subject of the recent survey
of the welfare status of Negroes in
Houston, as made by Jesse 0. Thom-
as, field secretary of the National Ur-
ban League for the Houston Survey
Council. The invitation to address
the staff was extended by Miss Edith
Parker, general secretary on the cen-
tral association, through Mrs. M. L.
Johns, executive secretary of the col-
ored branch of the association.
Mr. Atkins first called attention to
the social background giving rise to
the decision by Houston Negroes to
have the survey made; urging the im-
portance of close contacts between all
people in the community who are in-
terested in improving the welfare sta-
tus of the underprivileged citizens. He
then outlined briefly how the survey
was made, mentioning the fact that
it was a complete Negro product, in-
cluding the financing. Proceeding to
the survey itself, Mr. Atkins called
attention of the staff to several facts
which it disclosed that in his opinion
fully justified this preliminary study
of the facts with reference to Negro 1
life in Houston. These facts were y
(1) that Mexicans are definitely re-
placing N«
bor; (2) th-----------1
pavement, street lights, or surface ,
drainage in Negro sections of the ,
(Continued on Editorial Pago)
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The Houston Informer (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 12, No. 19, Ed. 1 Saturday, October 4, 1930, newspaper, October 4, 1930; Houston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1637720/m1/1/?q=hamilton+county: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Rice University Woodson Research Center.