The Standard. (Clarksville, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 13, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 28, 1854 Page: 1 of 4
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litlwlul Issue of jtmt papsr there I* an arti-
ek tigned " Anli-lrimwie" in regard to t Nwl
murder whioli waa perpstratod la this oounty in
Pta—liitr last, in which Uke aalhor has evidently
fiMa wont of proper information, represented the
matter W? ituperfetly, aad to aay the leant, un
fairly to theoBccrs concerned iu the tripl. An I
happen to knew nil about the mfcir from begin-
ning to end, I will • "round unvarnished tale de-
liver," that the public wind may bo set right in
regard to this matter. The ciroumstanoas we
about as follow*: KobU Uinphrios, John Jatdnp
nod 011m Umuscus, started from Kentucky Town
in a wagon. Jauea Davis, the murdered man,
wa on the read going houie. The party in tlie
wagon overtook him in company with old man
Butler, and drove t^eir wagon agaiuit him er hi*
horse, and passed on. Davis waa drinking; nflor
a whilehu left Uutler and overtook the wagon—
The next that ltutler aaw of him, he wae lying
about fifteen stops fmm the mad in h« open prai-
rie, and not in 200 yard* of any thioket, spooch-
less and mortally wounded. Ilia hat waa lying
in the road. Sutler rude to the nearest house and puqxua ulid to deliver it to the
gavulEo alarm, When Davis waa carried there,
arid medical assistance called, but to no purpoae.
Davis died in about - J hours, and never waa ablo
to toll who murdered him. When Uutler came in
tight ol where Davia waa found, on the prnirie, he
s .w 3 mon walking from where I>avla waa lying, to
the wagon in the road. They got in and drove off
to a hurry. A warrant under theae circumstan-
m waa iaaued fur the apprelienalon of all three
of the men in the wagon, L'mphrioa, Jamison and
Lamaacus. Only the two last were found. They
•ant to Sherman and procured the aorrioea of
Meoarr. llendrieka and Smith in their behalf, who
appeared for them at the trial. There were two
Justicee sitting, Jeremiah Pinill and Samuel Sav-
age Esqrs. The evidence on the |M rt of the State
showed the facta an before atatod, and in addition
that the parties in tlie wagon went on some mile
or two to the next house,after the murder, stopped
and prooured whiakey, but aaid nothing about the
matter; that they uuut to a second house. where
they separated, Jamison goiug home, and Um-
plirles and Lamaacus going on to the houac of
Wilkinson Flotchor. Thai night Jamiaon wasar-
rented at home, and ataina of blood found on
various part* of hia clothing. Lamaacua wan
taken two daya after, (hie witncM swore that
llmphrios, who haa never lioen arroated, t ild him
that txa waa the wan who committed the murder.
On Iho purt of the deftmce, onr witness nwore that
Uinphriea told him thul he did the deed. The
Lawyer* told UieJuatlcea that they had a right to
make a witness of one of tho accused, and accor-
dingly bad LaiuaMcun awom, who stated that
Jamison never hitcrlered in the matter only to
help Uinphriea pull the knife out of Davia' thmnt
ufler ho had given him the ,lf t stob; ttmt Davis
(ode up to the wagon and awore he would whip
Umphriea. that l'mphrioa sprung out of the wagon
iuuI coinuiciiced stabbing him, until Ihnis ran
•nd full. That he, Lamnsctis, never got out of the
wagon during tho fraoun. Jamison, the other
prisoner, was then allowed, the Lawyers niianrlng
tho Justices on their honor at men and Lawyer*
that thia won Law, to make a atatemcnt, in which
Ira corroborated all that Lamascus had said. Tho
legal gentlemen then made speeches, in which
they told the Court that nothing wna plainer than
tlie Innoooucc i<r ths prldOTierK, tfmt l;Tnphrie*,who
was gone, hud confessed the crime, and that the
two prisoners had told tho samo talfl about the
■nutter, which wan conclusive proof of thoir inno-
cence. Under theae circuinatanoca the Court dis-
charged them both. Tho Lawyers got ahout#/Wltl
for "clearing" them. Utnphriee haa lied the
noiintry, and poor Davia lies sleeping, cut up with
frightful wounds, under tho cold aod of tho prairie.
The insuo madu in Ibo case, was tlila, vlsi did
the declaration of tJmphrios that ho was the mur-
derer, clear them nmlor tho other auspicious circum-
stance*, and was it law to allow one criminal to
testify for tho otliorT As an impartial journalist,
you will please insert this communication in your
next iaauc, that justtee may be done to all partiea.
Respectfully, 4c., FAIR I'LAY.
Wo are pained to toooivo information of tho
death, on Tuesday lost, by hia own lisnda, of a
very worthy ami modi respected citixen of Hen-
ry county, Mr. James Chowitig. The deceased
had recently sold ont hia possessions in Uonry
ami purchased a farm in Missouri, whithor he
an oBeer of The Japan Squadron, of the landing With
« d doltvs^ of the Biosidaitfr latter, appoarod la
tha National lataUlgenee ofNav. 10th. hat had
eacaped oar aoAiea aatil a tm daya alnea. hia
well worth reading, giving mk real knowladge
from actual obavrtation.
TJ. 8. BHU- BvmtvtoAKUA, AT 8KA,
. . . Auot>nr4th11868.
The Suoquuhanna, Miaaiadnpi Plymouth and
8araU a arrived in the bay
the 8th of July, and anchored off the city of (J.
raga, whieh m about twenty-fln miles from Ye-
do, the capital. The hills near (ho water were
every where oorerod with fortifications. They
had evidently been preparing for us. The flag
•hip wa« immediately nailed by an oSeer from
shore to know why we earne here; to ny it wna
•gainst thoir laws far foreign ships to anohor at
this place; that wo must go away, and if we had
any communications to tnako they muat bo
sent from Nangiuaki, through the Dntob To
this it was replied that tho Commodore would
not go to Nangasuki; that ho would have noth-
iug to do with the Duteh; thst he hsd brought
a letter from tho J'kkkidiuit of tho United
States to the of Japan, whic h musr tw
received here; aud that an officer of tho highest
rank iu the Empire muat bo appointed for that
- ■jupUMI
0« of their,
■Ma, on whioh oe-
ppoiuted fur
: Kiupcror.
His (laugh
rirl of sixteen, was on tho eve
was preparing toMnovo hi* family
tor, an interesting girl of sixteen,
df marriage; and when lier fathor was found on
tor. an interesting
Tuesday, Was in bridal dfern, and the wedding
table set. Ub oommitted self-destraction with
in a forest half a milo from hia residence.
On his person: was found a piece ol writing,
saying no was woary of lire, desiring that
no poatimucmcnt of bis daughter's marriage
an account of hia demise,
tlut his property be oquntty
divided between his wife and three children.—
LouuvMe Drmomtt, Dir. 23.
Some yean since an Kugliahman, whose pro
nnnciatioa waa tinged with ooeknevkans, was
sent to preach lc khe benighted and wicked Hoo-
siers of IhtrMUe village of Klkhart in Indiana,
which Qrcely enlla "a tidy, rigoroas borough
with a future before il."—He thus eom-
toeaeed his disco«so.—"HinhabiUnto of HeU-
fart, come to tha haltor." V
A Wira'a lNFI.ilKKCR.—-A W>ic has her hus-
band'a fortunes in her power, Mfthtte aha any
or not, aa she nloasca, conform to Iris afawnawtoa-
cvs. This is bet Brut duty, and ought tofce fcer
pride. No passion for luxury er onmlay
f * a moment U3 tetnpt her to dertate hi
least degree fmtn (his line of conduct Any
other course t Wretehedness itself, and inevita-
bly leads to rtiin. Ntgluhg can be mom miser-
able that! flnatrogglo to keep up sppearancos.
is worth; aa (t neter can, Ha failure involves
*ko ■
iftqKitvmr.—The foil
>1 lowing ingenious made
of eruaaing a rivM *a* oott tmpUyed by a Kaf
fir, who had for asms time AqM watalung the
vain attempts of a pari* «f MBH* to atrjgglc
across 41w stream at a tiaao when,'to ford it, was
aU ended with considoraWo danger. Altarapiil-
'ng at ftdr «M* wMittn
remarkable among theae
^ r
real to the n^ipiiUi aUe. '',V - /
After iH-g^ialmg and disputing a few days,
we carried ovory point aud, the preparnUiry ar-
rangements being made, on tho morning of tbo
14th July tbo Husi|aelianna and MiasiNSippi got
nndefwny, run down, and anchored off the vil-
lage of Gori-hanus, afiont two miles from Fraga
which was the place ap|siintcd for the landing;
for it bad been stipulated that tbu letterssliouhi
be delivered on shore. The ships sprang their
broodsidus to bear upon the spot. The boats of
the squadron, manned and armed, with colors
flying, carrying doublo crews, all tbo marine*,
and as mauy officoni as could be spared from
the voesols, now assembled around the flag-ship.
On shore we could pcrccivo thousands of troops
in long files extending across the mouth of the
valley from hill to hill. Lines of cotton cloth,
having the coats of arms ot different princes and
officers stamped or painted on them,were strcteb-
ed along behind the front ranks, so a , to eon-
coal their preparations iu the roar. King* and
hauncrs of gaudy colors, but chiefly red, were
displayed every whcie. fh one aklo of the bsy
tt groat number of large boat#, filial with men,
were anchored in lino, and bore flags of various
devices, ('rowds of spectators wore collected at
different points, drawn by curiosity to witness
this novel spectacle.
The boats, under Captain Ui'Ciianak, now
formed into line and shoved off for the shore.
When the headmost ones had nearly reached
the beseh, about a mile diataut, Uie Commodore
left the fbip under a salute of thirteen guns.—
II) the time his barge reached the boaeh the of-
ficers, seamen, and marines hsd landed and were
drawn up to receive the C«inini<Mlore. Thoir ap-
pearance was very imposing, the officers in baud-
some iiiuliuss uniform, tlie sen men in white
shirfs, blue trowscrs, and blue eniw, with bamls
of red, while, ami blue, ornamented with stars,
and the inariues in their beenmin^ uniform.—
There were slsiut. IHO in all, of whieh fifty re-
mained by the boats to guard tlieiu The barge
reached the little jetty which had boon huiltfor
convenience iu landing; the ('oniiwnlorc, scrom-
nanied by Compandor Ahams, Captain of the
fli-et^iind Mr. Contki!, Flag Lieutenant, all in
full dress, steppeil on shore,the dunis rolled,the
marines and sailors presented arms, the band
struck up, and the hills of Nipbon echoed with
the sound of Hail CjlumbLi!
The procession then fonnod and man bed a
short way up frt>in the beiieh to where the Jap.
snose troo|tH were paraded fn front of theni
was an enehmore, in wbU4i two new open Imild-
illgs litvl boen erected Cur the occasion. The
Commodore and his suite passed through the
first one, and there found a numlicrofJapancsc
officcrs in rich dresses squatted on the floor,
which wiih cvorrd. with matting and n sort of
ml fell. Tiny rose n-spqclfully as the train en-
teral, and remained standing until it had p*ss-
od into the second building, which was joined to
the first. In this room was a raised platform,
at the upper end of which was placed a large and
handsome Japanned box or chest. On the left
hand side as you colored were seated two old
men of very high rank, dressed in floworod bro-
cado silks and cmbroitlery. The highest in rank
waa Toda-Idxu-uo Kami, or Toda, I Yinee of Id-
sa. This was tlie officer accredited by tho Km
poror to reccivcfrotn the Commodore's hands the
letter of the President. His associate was Ido
Iwami-no Katni, or Jdo, l'rince of Iwami Tliey
spoke not o wonl, belt rose at fhc entrance of
Ihe Commodore. On the side of the platform
oppoeito to fhom wore four chairs, for the Com-
modore and three offices of tils suite. After
they were seated—the test standing—the IW
iilent's letters worn brought in. Tliey were con-
tained in two black walnct boxes with gold clasps
and to each onu waa attached tho groat seal of
the IJnitcd States, in n gold box, aud ornamcn-
ted with cords and tasscui of bloc and gold.—
These were lanl upon the Japanese chest, ami
iMarftl to / ■ tlrlitxrcd. Iteccipts for (hciii in
Japanese and Dutch were then handed to the
Commodore, and the business was announced
to be over.
In all Ibis time the Princes never uttered a
Word nor moved a muscle. They sat like bronce
statues. Ycsairaon, tho Governor ot Uran,
and i iu.vrprctcr, fEo wore weacnl and assis-
ting, kept an Uieir kooos all llie while, and ap-
parently did not dare to look tbe great men In
IllQ free, they always hawing their heads to the
loor when they were turned towards tliem.
When the Commodore raw to depart,Toda Idxa
and Ido Iwami rose also. The cortege then re-
tamed to the boeta ia tho name older it had left
(hem, with color* flying and martial music sound-
ing. Every thing on ahofn waa quiet and order-
ly. The Japanese soldiers kept their places 1
heard not a wo d anolnm, hot I saw aoMien with
mnaketa, some with asatahloeks, and some With
spoars and Aidda. 1 saiw two small field pie-
ces. I saw I orsns Well Mtoiuriaonod, and tliero
waa cavalry behind tho canvass screen. Tin
time was ao short and the objects so diversified
that tho oyo could hanl^j dwell upon tlie half
of thkrn long enough to main in impression an
We had fell aonm doabt ef thoir Intentions
when we w the large force eollect<<d on shore;
hat every thing was eoodaetad in good order.—
From our preparations, Ihe state of our discipline,
and superiority of our anas, "" "
iieaehery on their
unsafe, not'
hers.
Contrast thia with the
letters from thsKttpetrer
Mlta worth a ntoter of«
■HI
ing whieh tee be
caskm he was net allowad to wear Ida ahoaa, nor
hk swevd, nor .taad ap, hat waa oesnp^ed to
at on the floor with hislegs doahled aader him,
—'y n—niim >i n Hwisa.
hat extremely ridioalous; and *<W bsariag all
thujke wu told that Mtlher hia letter, hk prw-
cuts, nee himself would be rooelrod. and that ha
as jpasible
must loavo Japan as soon i
i and never
Tfce letter e< tht IVanMunt la to U left to
work hi the council* of Jspan, like leaven in a
loaf, nntil aoxt spring, when lie aaaworwUI be
ealled for, and which it ia Wrr to predict will bo
amiable and complying or otherwise, ia exart
proportion to tkc/vrce that oobmm Jvr iu
TOIUItnTOMM,
Pv« oft* be n sorely punled and perplex*!.
When thinking of th* Sua and a«w sad SO sa.
To knew what prtacipl* when they wtae sexed,
Those who trst Axed their gender ehese to go oo;
I wltl not say that I've been ever vexed,
Wfcou this some thing I've ehsaeed a thought to
threw ea.
Bet il has given ay reasoning power
Why w« should lie the one, and She tho ether!
Th* M «in—s ihI Wossan; there may be, 1 own,
H#lslssf*rwfaUsMe, 'BMW than one or tea;
Twenty, for aught I know, might seen be shewn;
I'd etaU them, IM'd aethtag etas to do;
Del aa I have, 111 leave the theme bUmm;—
Anil yet, en seeoad thought, I'll give a fow,
Lest earplng erlties, who are spt to chatter,
Should say I never thought about the ssatter.
Iai| rimta—then, they both shine ssost at aight,
The one on earth the other In the skyi
I amy say both reflect a borrowed light,
Dal this, perhaps, the ladles would deny;
And they, I own, have an undoubted right
To know ;shat charms they borrow, or they bay,
Resides, whenever anything is bought,
And paid for, 'tis the owner's as It ought
But, passing this discussion as a
Too delicate to dwell oa, I must say,
That whether both dispense s borrowed gleam .
Or not. there's naaah rcsombtance in Ihe ray
Which shines for eaeh,— though beautiful Ihe bee at,
ll is n l steady like the light of day.
Bat an uudcnala, fasclustingsplsndsnr —-
A little owlish, loe, when uuui grows tender.
Another polol of likeness,U> my view,
Ik'lug, I think, sn aceuratc beholder,
Is this—srhea Ladles and when Moons are new,
Thoy're both a llule eoyt betaken got ol'ler,
They doa'l salute yon, and then Md adieu,
Roth m a breath; hat. grown a lltlls Iwldsr,
Are more dis|iosed to give yon lime to admire,
An<l sre In no great hurry to retire,
Let's try ciRnln—The Moon, It liss >«•« said,
llns n slrsiige Intlnsnce un f"lks half-eraek'd,
And t have either heard, or somewhere read,
Of "Luiislic and Lover all compact,"
Whieh seems as If 'twere thought by Boats ill bred,
(Though sarc surli wretches shoald bo straight-
wsy racked.)
That 'tis not 'till man's reasoning powers are gone,
Wutnnu can claim his noddle as her
I, .aiyt attempt at
hive been my
r «
disparity
it Connt Rx-
, received from
m
t wrarth, 4m
to nU aoria ef
Hut this point ef resemhlancc, though U might
Strike some aa very striking, I Just mentloo,
I nhonld lie sorry to lie uupolite,
Aud still more sorry to sxolte dissension.
Among you lore-tick swslns, who, out of spite
Would swoar 1 hod some sinister intention,
Their heads I leave to those who choose to soon 'Cm,
'Tit no affair of mine, what I trains OF* in W
Well—to proceed;— I find I uiutl make haste.
And not on, Aery point of semblance pore,
Or I Khali both my time and paper waste.
And try my reader's pnllrucc, whieh is ffltTC,
For, when a joke is not quite te our tasle,
It's apt to make one feel a little sore;
Ucstdoo, il might bo thought It was my aim,
To prove tho Moon and Woman both the aame..
I therefore shall with brevity pass over
Various semblances between the twain.
How both, when skies are clear, smile oa a lover,
Aud leave blm in the lurch in elonda and rain;
As well aa many a them* 1 might discover
Iu cither's rise or set, or vpi, or wane;
Hut as I might gel prolix, I forbear,
Itealdes; 1 most their ifjfrrrttff now compare!
Tho Moon and Woman differ then—In this;
The Srallt true to Nature, and Its Isws;
It never leares Its sphere,—Mf does amiss;
It apes no artful wiles—nor sskt ^tplsssc.
In all Its changes—still unchauged it Is
In loveliness and beauty, from thin cause,
hi nee ft rot created it has choatcd no Man,
t fcor we cannot say all this for Woman!
Again—The Moon sheds her Isspartial beam
On rich and poor, with just the seme delight,
Youth, keenly, ugliness, aad age all seem
The same to her—to eaeh Wr smllse are bright;
Hho sometimes may withdraw I
Ilut not capriciously, still leas la spllsi
I doubt much if these qualities are <
With her 10 ahoS ws glvs the name of I
I might. If I had lima and Indlaelioa,
And ware net fearful of sselttag riot,
Oive ether laataaeea of vaHattan, [sighat;
mn.1 ,L mnaamm nas4asm MlSMnkt
W BICn wMMI
I give lmt ana, defying dtspetatlsa
Weaaen ate ■tafkadvet the
Weft there as other canst, 1
This ruQy proves the omou nei/snMas.
r.VNI
when entering a Mahoseefea for tho first
time, h is the entrance Ifcto a new World. The
sights and persona are so
slam to analyto the oaaaa
lens. The aredoounontfoeli
eonfoslon. for it la not so much the strangeness
the ladividaal objooto, as the marvellous mixts _
of Ihe stoat hstsrogoatoui things, whioli gives hi
the appearance of aa Ksiltrn towa Ms charasScrii
ivoUy. Tho palaoeaad tho mud-hut -
half-nakod
mtjdi home.
„ , toy,—-ansa before hU
_ eyes like the quick chsnging images
of a magic Untern„ ITjoso external dUhrenoes of
on ehmade thpmsidree everywhere,
a singular contrast to that external
uniformity, we might almost say monotony/which
is the peculiar characteristic of western ruantrioa,
and whieh exhltdta Itwolf so forcibly In the U r-
rack Uke rows of aur bouses, the stereo* vpod - wal-
low-tailed coat, and the Invariable high-crowned
hat. worn alike by all clasees.
Wo shoald, however, be greatly mistaken were
we to eooclude, that tho external variety in tho
Mahometan Bast, and tboeeeming uniformity of
the Christian West, spring from internal sources
ofa like dlnlnctlvo Tharscmr, The wry reverse
is (he osao. Tbc outward variety lu the former,
la theeoneei|uenoe of mental ditlluokion, while Ibo
visible homiigonoltv In the latter is the result of
v* pert of
imms
of the
of Del-
Uolt vs. Uolv.—In ihe
aware county, in the 8tate, there
by the name of B—^OW a '
and S very sensible man, b
sent the ngiiost looking bdividmj in tlta wfsote
'he was a
reads lm
i, who was laager,
than hhneelf. He
with a gait like a
banting, and ao one
met a man on foot nan
gaantar, nglhsr, by all
Withoutsaying a Wetd 1 «aleed hta gan and
defiberately leveled d ot the "Vor
God's sake, don't sheat," abonted the mm ia
pant alarm. "Straager/' replied B-*Vlewore
ten years oc that if I star tast a hllh ngMar
than I waal'd ahsfat him, aad yen nw the first
erne I've nea" Dn sSraaanr, efter mkin; a
enraeyaf bis
I lock wene thm "
- latojiatgin'i'rvneeirwhwa"
render outward diatinetiuue altogether aupcefiuouf.
Individuality la the k«.y to this apnamnt anom-
aly. It U wanting In the Kast and sill prevalent in
the Weet. If by a freak of enchantment so com-
mon In the time of llarunnal Uneehld, the soul of
the Pasha were to exchange bodily abotlo with
thai of a eameWdriver, the metainorphnal. would
aot be observed, for caeli would be equally fit to
discharge his new duties. The eamel Urivor would
It present the high dignitary with perfect ease,
aaid tha Pasha would scarcely aaaku hia colloasuos
aaspest the ohaagn. by displaying a degreo of In-
telligence or knowledge unusual in his new situ-
ation. . fiction and reality,— the Arabian nights
Talre, aad the History of the Ottoman and lVraian
empires, am eoaally striking and equally true 11-
laatratkma of Mils want of individuality, which Is
a peculiar characteristic of tho Mahometan Kast
lleivtln we obtain Ihe olue to its never changing
'•till IMe' and to those contrasts which separate It,
ia spirit aad la habit, fruui Ihe Christian West,
struggling Interminably after the expansion or
ladividaal lift-
in tills light, therefore, the Kast may bo said
to be tbo lsnd of equality, for.flliero the highest
peranfiagtw are separaU-d frnni tlichiwestmombcrs
of society by sn outwanl liarrlcr onlyt ami olio
whieh sn unfbrsocn event mar at any moment
overturn. ( ■
This conselonsncas of mental eqnnllly, ao prev-
alent In the Kaatom character, iioweriiilly Inlluen-
«es tho whole social edifice, and may be said V>
form lis lutais. It apiwnm In every ctnidiiion of
life, modlfiea and soothes tbo harshness of oxter
■ml differences, and stimulates. If il does not slbi-
gother create, that sontiiucnt of humanity and he-
nevidence which nmwlleals iUalf so signally In
nnmcrous pious foundations, accords yearly " a
right of alms to the |s>or, and extends Iwvnnd
man to tlio whole aniuial eroati<>n. Il gener.itos
that natural ease which is maintained in social
intercourse between ihnuxtromos of society. Km-
barraasiueut, tlie produut of oOMchius or np^ro-.
bended inferiority, is ineompruhbusihle t>i no Ens-
torn nature. H is eipiully eorioun and amusing
toolaerve tho well-bred manners which the-fukir
and the Itedonln. who ne>cr saw a town.alike ex-
hibit in every slaliou of life, bnaceust iiued splen-
dor and magnificence foil to awe them; mid Iheir
w hols bcliavbir ia oqttully distant from vulgar pro-
tonsion and awkward baahtnlnnaa.
Muat striking is the effect of this fueling of o-
quslity on maatera and servants. A fauiiliaritv
exists between them whieh would utterly shock
all Kuro|tCAn notions. The servant U tha Usual
confidant of his maater, mid often his ruler, l>ut
nevertheless invariably preserves the outward
ceremonious formalities with which the Oriental
is necustomcd to ooneoal (be secret* of his douiea-
tic life. Servant* not only fiirtn part of tlie fami-
ly,and aro treated like children of tlie house, hut
Ibis patriarchal household system also on tends t««
the slaves; Indeed ihe latter are ofiim the fowir-
lie children, and their |torlivli that of ttOnjahllu.
A biographical sketch of the high dignitaries of
the Sublime I'orte, in our time, would Imst Illus-
trate this assorsion. A eousidcrnhlo number of
(hem have beau slaves- bi>nglit in Ul" inarkot of
Stainlsiul. It is not therefore surprising that the
Circassians are anxious to preserve their privilege
of being sold fown nil foreign philanthropic on-
oroachmonts. l.ikr l<alnui of old, every true lx>-
liover, snys tlie Prophet, should give to his slave
freedom iftcr the seventh year. Although there
ore true tieliever* who, anxious not to offend the
commands of Mahomet, or to diminish the bag of
piasters, sell thoir slaves In the sixth year, such
conduct Is Ihe exception, slid,frequently the slave
is manumitted, ami also converted by marriage
into a member ol bis master'* family. Sometimes
lie it employed In oftcos of high trust befuro ob-
taining his freedom, ami ^iion msnumission is
•oareely thought ncoossary. For instance, at this
moment, one of the revenue oollootors In Ihyuaa-
cus—his post being a« lucrative as it Is Influen-
tial—is ol Circassian birth, lie was purchased,
together with bis aistcr.by old Mnliommed I'asha.
The sister beoomo the Pasbn's wife, (ho brother
bocamc bis favorite. Tbo Pasha aud bis wifo aro
both dead, but their daughter and helreas is the
proprietress of her uncle, the revenne collector,
whose social standing is so little impaired lit this
carious family relation, that be competes with a
crowd of suitors for the hand of hi* fair nioce and
mistrust, with every chance of being succcasfot.
We can judge how firmly Ulis fmvling of equal-
ity is reotod in the Kattorn cbaraater, by UiC-fact,
that military decipline Is unable to overcome it.—.
No lastietass distinction exists between offieers
aad privates. They receive tlie same fore and the
nluth for their uniforms, only in unequal
y and H la not at all Oncommon to hear
I dieoussing with the captain the or-
the tatter is about to give, eaeh ad-
all tha while, by Ihe Sweetaet
and 'mr lore.' ' All the despcr-
Wetn and Prussian1 hisjfil,
tort to nhwk this fomiltafiiy nca fruitlosa. The
ymtageAaers who enter the srmy fWwtfis
fy academies of Couslanliuople are too few
•Sans on tfss snMlsry their crudo mHlouiof
"" tfiqiMMe. Oanntally tliielr oriental
ly resume* Its sway, enpeetally if
they am stationed In. the province*. They soon
imbibed mhmMI;
at.ttti.
m
". •"'is
■ of the
liil# n bfurbvil
WW WiliW
- Ml -t - "*■+
v&wm.
I Rome «■
i extending It to thkber-
id the herroweil lij
congenial lustre of Me-
*1 this tatter now-
cr was, l| did net change the nature of the B*at.-
On the contraty.lt was only a reaction against the
temporary Wan tafineno* of th
petaatod the orffllml s^-inl chat
remaining In
I prevtanafy existed. The prim-
itive patriarchal sytilem still rules. It Is the Id an
of Ihe regulation ef a fkvtllv extending over and
rwrerttlng a people. The father or prince Is the
representative of the IWnlly. and all the rati an
a* children,—unable to rely upon Iher
we, and requiring to, b# suBpoftetl.
faiutllcs preserved this patHarvhal a;
original parity. * .
lotion have nda|
The chief anrani
as ehildrcn,—unable to rtSy ujsm Ihelr own pow-
M'*' TTii wpit
ivstem la Its
and tlso settle*! agrlcnliuval popu-
pted It to Ihrir altered eondinoii.-
Ihe same place
the
vesta the bond of the tribe.
to decay llwas reri
by tlie Irruption ami conquests of
elan or fhmll
Whenever tbl
vedand
These irnmad raws contain
the vital clemenleftf the Kastam eharoctor, and
have acted the part of ropenoratartln its history.
If contentment be synonymous wllh happiness,
the Kast cortalnly etmipriscs the gn atest numlier
of happy 1 wings. Thevo are there but foW of those
orarings and henH-lmmlngs.-—fhose mortifications
snd disappointed hope*,—which embitter so many
Western existences, Tho Oriental can see no rea-
son or propriety In work so long as be has enoagh
hi satisfy his limited wants. ll«noe Ihe niorehant,
as well as tbo artisan; the fellah and the Work-
man, leave thoir dally toil as soon as they have
hod tho good luok tu earn the few piastres whieh
they require to purchase their evenlngmeal, and
after It to enjoy tbelr 'rahat,' repose. The (Men*
tat cannot conceive any pleasure to be derived from
action in Itaclf. Ilo works only le bo sbteto re-
pose, and smllos at the running and hurrying Ku-
MMiean, who reposes only to gnin nsw strength for
work. The Oriental Is able and Willing to go
through an Inerediblc amount af exertion, in or-
der to attain that Idlssfol state or tMnsehms inae-
tlviiy which eeasesto be « negative wltii him,aad
In foot becomes a |iosltive pleasure; bat for steady
continued labour, he Is totally unfit and indispo-
se^, Kycn the aet'ivlty of the hardy llodouta
and Tartar nomad is llmlleit to short Inter-
val*, and the main part or Illscxlsfeheel* snent
iu that dreamy re|H *o to which his skr antl his
shepbertl oceu|iatlon alike Invite him, These short
Intervals Occur at the lime of their migration from
the south to tho north, and W<* rvr«i,—then he
toils at least aa hard as his cnmel. bnt when the
lent Ispltcheil he rests, and revel* In tbo wander
Ings oflndlstlnct thought.
Want of Individuality, wlth lts consoquence*—
equality, *
and alsMnee of
energy—are then the olmn ctcrl*tlc features of the
Muhoiui'tuii Kast, These cbitractorialle features
are there, as everywhere else, effect* of the influ-
ence of race, climate, rellglnn, and lsi|lt|oal histo-
ry,—the two latter I ►"Ing as much elfoctt a* cau-
ses.
Three |irlmnry rnccs idinro amongst them tbo
Mahouictau laist—the Arab, the Turk, and the
Portion. Kncli justnesses Its sulHlivIslnut. Al-
though different in outward ap|icaranec, and with-
out the sligbleit affinity In language, there Is s re-
markable resemblance Iu tlie characters and the
Ideas of these tbreo ftimillct, an unity or family
likeness which distinguishes them from all other
races. This unity Is only active, when placed In
opposition hi tbc West. In itself It Is passlvo. It
paaslv
is' rather a neutral state of undeveloped iliffe
than if nuil identity, more an absence than a simi-
larity of outward charaeterUtlo marks,
This undeveloped national character Is Ihe nat-
ural eonsemienec of thn alstcnec Of a national U-
nioti. Knell one of these three races forms a Sort
of conglomerate, In coah of which oven language,
divided as it it Into numerous ilbtiucls, can liardly
Is- snrd tn farrna complete IhiiiiI. They
ly icsembfoa number of kindred fomllins living
in each other's viatnlly, aud bobllng connexion
with their Immediate nelghlioers only, but haring
no conselousness nf a niiniiion ftwding with the rest.
This I* tbo consequence ol what we hale observed
mtrt
of ilii' CiinditimttrtittdivhfuaUln thoKaat. Inhuth Jmmcianboni and It tiwejie- was
cases the kaiiio abaeuco of imlividmil peculiarity is
apparimi. The metis, as well as tho individuals,
continue In tlie primitive state In wtiluh habit Is
ull powerful, and neither one nor tho other rises
to tuc independent action which emanates fVom
reflection. Both re, tlieriiforc, undeveloped apd
and 'bowl with the wvlvas.'
But If the Mahometan Cast In this sense 1
traelead ef aqmtlity.lt
borallty
A slagalar aad
Hie nf this despotism m
law still ia vim, am<m(.
gul tribes, which poniabes ao
who dares to pall the toft of
ssaa'a head,—wot bceaaaelki
oaslev and freer will be it atotitfi.
World has no dirtinet links; it It like td'\
ri^d and aalfwrta; aad Its solid i
' Vite parts. Ma . * '
anoth. r
■ m
characterless
ff we study tbo physical characteristic* of those
Kastcnv rneos, wu tlnd nolhiug in Ibeir outward
appearance, nor iu the stniuturo of thflr heeds,
which explulns tlie greht dUforeneo '■ — AL—
and the weldehtal natlops. On
some Kastenia equal, if they 'do vM fffWBW 1li
these respects, tlie nuiat favoured Kara penal- Hut
whatever thoir mental epnformatiaa taaybe, U re-
mains nnelfeeted liy mluiiitiire wHb foialgn rams
and hi now what it was at tlio beginning.
The Kastem nations bavo nlwayssUugnl"! after
purity or Isolation of blood. Not only hare tliey
rejected all union with WcstMti rnees, Imt they
have kept up a system of exclusion kmimg them-
selves, amounting to a posHWi antipathy, etirn-
lug all contact with other families. Tills proud
abnegation i* preserved finattlgtftid fo the pren-
cnt day, and extend* in f^rarir'Toe est ranks at
society. Their mutual avffefcm Is I ml "ml carried
so for, that it eoasoa aot
«o Oiat wb«i a Turk h
tbo pride of hwr deewi
bnntl by auv.othor name
children follow the exi
yet what a i
The teeraaea them
MkMt MHOkd a Mi ■— -1 - -
oipnmf hi nrnjRi I _
of this dUhtrence; bat
and fieraadnoking Inhabitant of 1
the latter with the
dice.
sort bare
tlk«t nitxintikiiiaar mJ IIm
- —"-"Vssss-sssvs^i a ^ssa aagxj
« to encounter dlilenltk
ofllfok
the taiariaul
dlfficaltlos require ami
ergy. aml exert a con
•oclsl cxlatonee and I
mer. A certain degree t
to Ibo Mlob in the r
afl
But
Indlvldaalt It
tain, or to the tribe in
ikrusc, tsc JUetuftll,'
ardly follow astba
ing no aelNeliauM
eonuexlon erlih his trtbe or
stroiigly marked personal footing,
tribe or clan forms a composite
aad Jealous of Its rights,and road
against any. cncewichmeni V
tends aateng the trtliek of Ihe
valrloa of tho Sheik families In thedii
anon , sidfieltmilv prove. Both haval
maintain o eonsldctablo amount of ro
gainst all attempte to sat^ttgaie tbeta.
dltioa of the Mnshln of Oamsaout agal
belUoas mountaiaeere two ytare t
lar altempl at proeont. atv a proa
Ii theagh aometimes subdued iu Lr
far Oram Mug broken In reality.
Bat these slighter difihroaeee of
soil, which nevertheless infiaoaee the
the mountaineers and the j
mtflkdsnt to ohaage their 1
in a loss degree, UMff are still i
uf those fhy sleal oondltiuna
a bias to the life of ihe Raits
wise need small eftirts to i
small Indeed oompared w!
an. Their etmntiy la ao i
it will probably M
ulallon overpo*
forces Itiom to I
are not suldost to those natural
awaken industry, and create the (
essential to foriher devolomaouh
If such I* the ease with th ha
tern trilies, we may reasonably •
ami social svslem onrreapondlOg 1
and mlhd^. Partly, then, as
f.
of the Kastorn
physical oaiises, Malunuetanism aroae,«*tiM gtoat-
est and most distlnetlvo feature of ihe Bast aUhe
present day, '■ .
The leas individuality I* dcveliqied, the greater
and tho more eStoo-lC'l miut tie the stray of au
Ihorfly. Ilenee v •> discover in tlir"- ' -
from (be earliest t.mes, tie ski all
oratiosl (lowers which luflueiieed
the minuteot fonct'ons of indivldt
Knatcm usees hod not come to
senuontivv felt the need ofa
guide. They found tmtb In I
We areaM to Judge historical
aarjh) ijjmuif;>^liw uw;,
U-dly, without eonsldcring tint taiidem<k tiTilwr
times and' ibo eh-comstaiiewi when they weutrrnd,
Until lately, till* was the uiodo adopted al
gasd te Mihomctanlam. Tried by our own
standard) Its sliOrtemnln^s worn condemned^
tlie good In It' was passed over in alienee, sa a Wall-
tor or eeursc. Conss<|uontly. Mahoinetmilsm Was
aasamed to be a system of 4te Inratled Mittr
man for bis own personal interest, which,by rrtsrs
ahanna. Jiail bccnhin the law of <me-i h of Ihe
wliole buinan race, and the basis ofa brilliant e-
poeb of arts and literature, Tlie stationary ofvil
tsatten ot tho Kast, and Ui« reslstanos thew made
to the Introduction of nil foreign elements, have
been solely (ilttlliutod to the evil Infinvhoafif Ma-'
the e.vuse, and nut tiwrnatuml grow
lorn oharaetor. It Is only of tale dmtulesf pivjn-
dlced ugn lias been abb) to apprtcinlo thtf ml af-
focUbf this extraordinary phenomenon in tin' Ida*'
. tory of tho Kitstorn rones.
At the birth of Mahometanistn
tlie Kast were divided into many
antl social unions, which growft |
plants, and intermingling wt '
uai law* aud habile, render*
monttmpossiblo.niid baOWMe
ill an «vi -pn)gresslvt del
thnmeefvor. At whatever
ic mass tie loot.
married people^
rab wifo. she, la
tot calls her bus-
rk.'ond the
ip>- or their rtother, re-
- aai
Tkrt
Ing tbelr ftUhor alnv>-l as a stranger. Tho
" all eoataot with foreign hUsxl, and tlie
pride Of vane, spring from the same
INtiriarohat fodlitg whlehblnd*
tosether all laeatbose of toe same family or tril>e.
They arc bora, life, and •!«;. togsthwr aml, *4mt tim dislaO apbflt
is euually isuiKirtaiit. all f'issc cvoam happen oa formalism a*d hrrt*y, foiled to
the spots whieh Iheir race have inhabited fcir sgee.
This adherence to Wlndrod and soil Is a distinctive
failure of the Es«i It Is prcasrvefi amfoaaB ^
ismtlannr. and we eon asTtUl* aeeountfor lias
foTSeWW? teodeney to o^MNtiw la
WiaiL" f#.-'9,' :.-«pt -«f
TheeUsaa^. aad other jfeaieal editions,
'SFwmn bradrhave po
- c races luivrhoon Inraii have power*
this tltonomwioti, a 1 though th"y do
, Ws find that extremes ff climate
unferoarable to the dt?veln^mont of race.
:&hMm ""
vigour, mental and' i-l.
had fallen into a<w
vlees, we* Iu a fair
Hy. The Persian %mrd]
tieel Jugglery for the
Kastorn ''hrndlau
latiyrinth otaoai
ophy: Ihe greht
were Hurled ami
jeafousHh
Tbo social state wns not lessi
torn Bmplro was exhibiting ita
eovsriu^ tham wltir aii BUtmiplt- .
'tear, hmh mud, it qu.ia
pity into iwntumnt. Her Ktnpvrors. f
of the rulsm of |)M w0*W, wi*'*#
iialatn s liefore ewwy stray hM
cltoso to insult tbem tinder the \
ltet:' .WtiwMtl
Tho tatmigmthm df.Btei
tlngubhed the teat rays of<
lingered emund tlm wni-k"'
hotly.
In Penh, the susoeaaoiyof f
okhlfiltod the MUMeaHg^|M|
lR til «niafegg
iltit—thc&r I
of natural fl.reHa^patesa'all human (
^otitenae* In one, nature 1 to" ttnl
other, to« fovouialMs In <ha
teerHory iabaWted-4""
soils yteWv H *1""'
part of ibo
the
Iri-
raran
SKVi
m
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De Morse, Charles. The Standard. (Clarksville, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 13, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 28, 1854, newspaper, January 28, 1854; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth233985/m1/1/?q=%22Clarksville%20%28Tex.%29%20--%20Periodicals.%22: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.