San Antonio Express. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 49, No. 200, Ed. 1 Sunday, July 19, 1914 Page: 7 of 74
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SAN ANTONIO EXPRESS: SUNDAY MORNING, JULY 19, 1914.
B
THE WORLD IS SEARCHED
FOR PRECIOUS RADIUM
ENORMOUSLY Expensive to Produce, Yet
Is Found in Many Countries—Patriotic
Attitude of Some Large,Owners—The Outlook?
for the Future in This and Other Lands.
ALL the world In .seeking: radium. Frtmi
every continent rumen the demand.
f At the same time the supply is wholly in-
adequate, the cost of extraction high. Phy-
sichnr*, chemists, doctors arc eagerly bent
on reducing the cost aud seeking cheaper
radio-active minerals, while mine owners
Attre, not unnaturally, anxious to reap the
tyi full benefit. »
In J002, when its healing jmwer was sus-
pected by few, the price was about $2*per
milligram. Now it fetches from $7."» to
|100 for the same amount, and many doc-
tors are urging State control of prices
■lid radium-Dearing mines, also the pro-
hibition of an unreasonable quantity being
sent from the country of production.
It takes about eight tons of uranium ore
lo produce one gram of pure radium chlo-
ride, and this has to be transformed into
bromides. Even after the removal of im-
purities there is a succession of crushing,
fusing, washing and dissolving processes,
followed by fractional crystafizatiou. the
average cost per gram in production being
12,000, says I>avina Wattersen in the New
xork Evening Post
Although accounts greatly vary, it is
clear that some thirty or forty grams of
radium bromide are in use in the hos-
pitals, radium clinics and among private
radium-therapeutists.
I Paris, which had the first institute,
leads off, London following with a little
over, four grams. The Austrian govern-
ment lent the general hospital in Vienna
about a gram and a half, while a few
doctors, who bought when radium was
cheap, possess from one-half to one gram
vach.
The New York Skin Hospital has is-
sued a formal appeal for the use or pur-
chase of 500 milligrams, costing about
160,000, as one side of the hospital is en-
tirely devoted to cancer. Appeals for ra-
dium ere coining from all parts. In Jan-
uary, 1914, Prof. His, director of the Ita-
dium Institute at llerllu, where they hold
about two grams, called a meeting at the
Prussian Medical Bureau, of the commune
representatives of Greater Berlin, concern-
« lug the need for radium. Certain insur-
ance companies had stated their readiness
to place at the disposal of the commune a
capital of $125,000 ror the purchase of two
grams of radium, a low rate of interest to
e charged, and the communes allowed to
collect fees from patients able to pay.
Slrassburg 1'iiiversity Hospital, which
bought 200 milligrams in 1913 at $75 per
milligram, has now acquired 100 milli-
grams more at the advanced price of
This year a bill passed the Bavarian Cham-
ber for a state appropriation of $150,000
to buy radium and mezothorium for use at
a state Institute and to lend out to hos-
idtals; while, at. a recent meeting of the
loyal Dublin Society the committee of
science and its industrial applications
voted $5,000 for, radium to be added to
that already owned by the society.
FUNDS BY PRIVATE GENEROSITY.
One of the first places to obtain some ra-
t I dium In answer to a public appeal was
M rlr Hull, England, where in 1909 the sum of
$5,000 was quickly raised as the result
of a letter in a daily juiper.
The Dally Express or London raised $50,-
000 in 1914. and other journals followed
suit, notably the Portsmouth Evening
News, which by an appeal gained $5,000
to buy radium for the Uoyal Portsmouth
Hospital.
Large donations are also coming In from
private persoL >. often from those who have
had relatives suffering from cancer. Al-
derman Edward Holt of Manchester, Eng-
land, recently gave $10,000 towards a fund
for supplying the hospitals of that city,
the general lund there now amounting to
$20,000, and It is proposed to put aside
^aome $12,500 for the use of cancer natients
f In the workhouse infirmaries. A lady in
Philadelphia gave a sum to bring in $.1,500
annually to a hospital for the treatment of
cancer, especially with radium. The La-
dies* Auxiliary of Glasgow, Scotland, is
raising a fund of $30,0(10 to buy radium
for the city hospitals, while the Ciilverslty
of Budapest has been fortunate In receiv-
ing $.30,000 from an unknown donor.
The first radium institute to be erected
was mainly through the efforts of Dr.
Louis Wick ham iu 1906. This was the La-
boratoire Biologique du Radium, used
mostly for research work. Armet de Lisle,
the owner of large chemical works, lent
some radium to help on the work there.
This year a veritable radium palace has
been opened with a "Curie Building" for
scientific research under Madam Curie and
a large radium clinic.
DEVELOPMENT AT JOACHIMSTHAL.
, Joachiiusthal, Bohemia, whence came the
| « j original pitchblende used by Madam Curie,
han always been noted as a health resort,
but a tremendous impulse was given to its
■otorlety when radium acquired therepeu-
tic fame. The Radium Curhaus Company
acquired a site of 55.000 meters and built
the Radium Sanatorium Hotel aud annex
to accommodate 400 guests. By an agree-
ment with the Ministry of Public Works
the properties of radium waters and eman-
ation are under state control
The government spent $0,000,000 In the
extension and connection of railway routes,
and there is a scheme for acquiring mining
properties to the extent of 42.000 acres,
surrounding the mines. Karl Stcgl aud
Prof. Krusch have examined this area,
which includes thirty opened up mines and
. «8 iniuiug claims situated in thirty-four
V districts, and it is claimed that develop-
ment work of the last two years concen-
trated on the pltchbleude deposits has re-
sulted In a yield of 200 milligrams of ra-
dium from one ton of ore.
The London Institute, founded in 1911
through the generosity of Sir Ernest Cas-
sel and Lord Iveagh, is already enlarging
its buildings and has to hold night and
day clinics. The poor are treated gratis,
but a fee is charged those who can afford
it. The emanation is loaned to doctors
for private use and for hospitals.
The celebrated Dr. His is director of the
large institute in Berlin, and the equally
well-known Prof. Lenard directs one at
Heidelberg. In Vienna the iustitnte is sup-
plied with radium by the Austrian gov-
ernment. Dr. Rtehl directs it, and Madam
Curie had the great Joy of opening one in
her own country—at Warsaw—in 1913.
NEW INSTITUTE'S OPENING.
Nearly every six months sees a new
institute. Geneva led off early In 1914,
and a bill recently passed in the Bavarian
Chamber for a state appropriation of
$150,000 to buy radium and mezothorium
for use at a state institute and to lend
to hospitnls. Melbourne and Toklo have
opened clinics, but America, which pro-
fesses to be three years ahead of Eng-
land in medicine and surgery, only re-
cently awakened to the necessity of a
National institute.
In September, 1918, the American Ra-
dium Institute was incorporated, with Dr.
Howard Iyrtly as president; he personally
owns the^argest single supply of radium
in Ainc/cu. The institute started with
sufficient working funds and has now
over $1,000,000, also the right to work
twenty-seven claims in Paradox Valley,
Colo., for carnotite. Special research In
cancerous diseases will be carried otit$ also
into the cheapest modes of extracting Va-
dium. this part of the work being shared
by scientists at the State Bureau of Mines.
Dr. James Douglas of New York has not
only donated $500,000 towards the fund,
but has given the hospital his half interest
in the radium mines of Colorado owned
jointly by himself and Dr. Kelly.
THE PRESENT OUTLOOK.
Hitherto the chief source of radium has
been pitchblende, especially that obtained
from the mines now controlled by the
Austrian government at .leiachinistahJrbut
uranium ores are found also in SascWy,
Cornwall (England), Colorado, Russia,
Africa and Australia.
This sounds hopeful, but the sinan
quantities present and the cost of ex-
traction confine expectations to Saxony,
Cornwall, and Colorado. Miners in all
parts of the world are writing saying
they "have found radium,' and offering
the ore for wonderful prices, hut the
electroscope, that omnipotent judge, thus
far has discarded the specimens as ueg-
ligibles.
England has not yet exhausted her
Cornish supply, but, tin less the price i«
lowered or the government prohibits ex-
portation, the larger quantity will leave
the country. An English firm recently
offered' the Londou hospitals pure radium
bromide at $75 per milligram, but they
were not able to accept the offer, and the
whole amount including the output for
several months ahead, went to Germany
at $100 a milligram. i
The richest mine in Cornwall Is the
Trenwlth, near St. Ives, worked by the
British Radium Corporation, Ltd., which
has already yielded 10 per cent of pure
radium. Another mine there is the South
Terras, owned by the Societe Industrlelle
de Radium, the ore from which is treated
In France and reported on at the Curie
Laboratory, the 300 tons sent over giving
a content of radium varying from 3-190
milligrams. The owners assert the amount
of radium actually present in the dumps
to be close upon 10,0000 milligrams.
In 1900 Lord Iveagh aud Sir Brnest
Cassel made a contract with the British
Metalliferous Mines, Ltd., who own mines
near Grampound Road, Cornwall, for 7H
grains of pure radium bromide to cost
about $20 a milligram. This was for the
London Radium lustitute.
RADIOACTIVITY OF MEZOTHORIUM.
Thorium nitrate, used in the making of
Welsbach mantles, is obtained largely from
the monazite sande In Brazil, and meio-
thorlum is the residue from the nitrate
and contains about 25 per cent of radium.
Though sometimes disputed, the radia-
tion of mczothorlum is generally held to
be equal that of radium, but the users
give a note of warning concerning Its ap-
plication, for sonic can tolerate it. while,
in others, the disease is increased. Its
cost is much less than that of radium—
$50,000 a gram as compared with .$*7,500
for the latter, but Its "life period" is
only 55 years, whereas radium is estimated
to have one of over 2,000.
The first attempt to obtain radium in
America was made by the Rare Metals
Reduction Company in September .1902,
at Buffalo, N. Y., with 500 pounds of high-
grade ore from Richardson, I'tah, hut only
barium sulphates were found.
Just now the accounts of earnolte In
Colorado and Utah are fluent throughout
the world. In 1913 the Standard Chemical
Company of Pittsburg exported 45 milli-
grams of radium sulphate of high Quality
to Vienna, this being the first exportation
of American radium-bearing ore from the
Colorado district.
So profitable do these mines seeiu and
Starvation In The
Midst Of Plenty
«
Many are actually starving, even though eating heart-
ily three times a day. They are starving because the usual
diet lacks certain essential elements.
*
In making white flour, the outer coat of the wheat, con-
taining the phosphate of potash and other vital mineral
salts, is discarded. These mineral salts are absolutely nec-
essary to nerve health and therefore to body health.
Grape-Nuts
FOOD
contains the whole nutriment of wheat and barley, includ-
ing the mineral salts. The malting of the barley starts di-
gestive processes and the 20-hour baking breaks down the
stafth cells. Grape-Nuts food digests in about one-third of
the time required by white bread.
Ready to serve—convenient, healthful and appetizing.
"There's a Reason" (or Grape-Nuts
—sold by Grocers everywhere.
so small the chances of buying radium
in liUirope, that au attempt was made in
January, 1914, to prevent exportation from
Colorado abroad, and urging conservation,
or, rather, Government reservation and
control of radium-bearing lands, a ques-
tion still at Issue ut Washington.
In 1914 arrangements were made for
the construction of a plant at Denver to
be conducted by the f'nited States Gov-
ernment and financed by the newly-born
National Radium Institute and operated
tinder the direction of leading scientists,
who have already succeeded in finding
cheaper methods of extraction.
THE,CARNOTITE DEPOSITS.
Appreciating the motives actuating the
institute founders, the Crucible Steel Com-
pany of America, who owned the largest
available supply of radium ore. agreed
to provide 1.000 tons for the . Institute, rev
serving to itself the vanadium and uraux
lum values and giving the right to mine'
twenty-seven claims in the Paradox Val-
ley for three years, all radium extracted
being for the use of the people and no
private individual profiting pecuniarily.
The carnotite* is a yellow mineral usu-
ally found in pockets of sandstone depos-
its, chiefly In Montrose and San Miguel*
Counties, Colorado, the richest deposits
being at Paradox. It is a vanadate of
uranium and potassium, tlie vanadium hav-
ing a multitude of uses, chiefly as an
alloy of other metals, especially steel. In
the form of sodium uranate, the uranium
is used for tinting glass, porcelain and
ceramics.
If mining Is pushed energetically, the
output this year should be about 2,000
tons, containing forty tons of uranium.
In I'tah the ore is found In Grand, Em-
ery and San Juan Counties, also In Cen-
tral Turkestan, In Australia, and has been
reported in Spain, and near Guarda. Por-
tugal, but the extent of the American car-
notite is, probably, several thousand square
miles. '
In 189S some geological students of Le-
high University, Pennsylvania, when out
on tramp, noted carnotite deposits at
Mannch Chunk, Tamaaua, but no particu-
lar value was theu attached to the find.
However, in 1918, ths deposits were ex-
amined and seemed to promise well. They
are the property of the Lehigh Coal and
Navigation Company, who have turned the
property over to the Government chemists
for scientific work, agreeing to give any
radium extracted to philanthropic work.
The carnotite is probably worth $100 a
ton, but the cost of extraction is the first
con sideration.
A UST R A LI A'S EX PECT AT IONS.
The chief hope for radium out in Aus-
tralia is in the south, near Olgary, on the
Broken Hill Railway, where the Radium
Hill Company owns about five miles of
rugged and broken country in the center
of a region abounding in minerals, with
gold and copper mines and iron-stone
quarries not tar away. The ore was
found refractory to European processes,
but a satisfactory method was discovered
by Professor Sidney Radeliffe, the cost of
treatment per ton coming to about $100.
With another $50 to cover crushing and
edttwyttig to Woolwich, Sydney, where
there are several companies at work. It
Is reported that the Radium Hill Com-
pany will shortly be able to increase its
output of radium to 200 milligrams a
month. Orders have been received which
cover the output for many months to
come, but all the mining companies have
resolved to put a share aside for thera-
peutic use in Australia.
Professor Pollock of Sydney University
found Australian speelments of radium
gave radioactivity equal to 94 per cent
when compared with Imported specimens
in the university. Sir Ernest Rutherford
and Dr. H. Russell of Manchester Uni-
versity reported on specimens sent over
that the only radioactive bodies it con-
tained were-radium ami its disintegration
products: the preparation was. free from
mezothorlum and other radioactive sub-
stances, which, without careful examina-
tion, were liable to be mistaken for ra-
dium. The ore in the mines is cayiotite,
and Its value is increasing as the mines
are deepened. w ,
Of radium-bearing ores in the Mudgee
district of New South Wales no great com-
mercial development has yet taken place.
Canada is wisely legislating on possi-
bilities, for, although Ontario has hitherto
proved no claim to radioactive ores, a bill
has been passed recently offering $25,000
reward for the first, discovery of such in
sufficient quantity to Justify extraction
for medical purposes.
The Legislature of British Columbls fol-
lowed suit, authorising the Lieutenant
Governor to place a reserve on all radium
discovered in the province, the Crown to
retain a 50 per cent interest In all that
shall be produced. The Council also of-
fers $5,000 reward for a discovery of ra-
dium-bearing mineral In sufficient quan-
tity to Justify Its working.
Various reports of finds continue to
coiuff In from nil purls of the world, but
the Initial cost of extraction and nnaljsts
debars liny complete Investigation.
Colonel Snodgrnfcx of Moscow reported
that during geoloKiciil narve.vn In the Cau-
ensuK radium and mejiothorlum had been
aincorered at the mineral springs near
Sotobl and Sukhum, while dispatches from
New Zealand state that a Canadian engi-
neer has found a deposit of carnotite in
the North Island.
Every possible source of radium Is he-
Iiik Investigated, and among them the hy-
drnted uranium calcium phosphate or au-
tunlte, notably at Autun, France, and in
Cornwall and Portugal.
The average mineral as worked contains
between 1 and 2 per cent of uranium, but
here and there are found "couches' con-
taining clusters of uranlte crystals of
great purity. The 11)14 Report concerning
the antunlte exploited In Portugal says
the average value of a 1 per cent antunlte
ore Is ;I0 pounds, or at J145.80 per ton,
and that there 1» practically ■ free mar-
ket.
From the autunite deposits recently
found near Mt. Painter. South Australia,
a few tons of the ore have been shipped
to London to be analyzed.
AN ACCURATE CLOCK
Naval Observatory Instrument Near-
est to Scientific Perfection.
Although thers Is no perfect clock, tb«
one that nearest approaches perfection in
this country, the standard clock of the
United States, Is kept in a glass case in a
dark underground vault In the naval ob-
servatory in Washington. It is so placed
that no changes In tem|»erature may affect
It, and it Is wound half-hourly by means
of electricity. Scientific officers of the
Government, regularly detailed for the
duty, watch over it day and night, con-
stantly correcting it by observations made
from tha sun and stars.
Thus this clock, though of itself It does
not keep time with the sun and »tars and
the earth, is made so accurate that even
the scientists, who say there is 110 clock
iu the world that is perfect, call Its time
"correct." Strictlv speaking, we are assured
the ouly thing that does keep perfect time
Is the earth, chaugelessly rotating through
space. But mathematicians and astrono-
mers t'oncede that the time of the big clock
inside the glass case comes "near enough."
That means within some thousandths of a
second.
It is this almost perfect clock that sets
the standard of this country. The enclos-
ure iu which It stands in the observatory
at Washington is surrounded by three
walls with spaces between. It rests on
massive stone pillars that reach far Into
the earth. The temperature is so main-
tained that should a human being step Into
the room, the Increase in temperature «»c-
caaioned by this Intrusion would be reg-
istered on a thermostat of almost in-
credible delicacy.
The corrections continually being mad*»
In this clock s time by j»ason of the
astronomical observations arc seldom more
than t»»n one-hundredths of a second. They
are frequently less than five one hun-
dredth*.
From the "almost perfect" clock, which
Is In duplicate, wires pass to two time-
sending clocks In another room of the ob-
servatory. It is through these that time
passes out to the country.—New York
Times.
Willing to ObHgc.
Not long ago a ynng couple came in
frortj the suburbs to New York City. They
arrived very early and decided to hare a
luneb. Thry visited a tea room and bad
tfc. place all to themselves.
In serving them the waitress omitted to
mpnly ■ teaspoon, and the fair young
brMe whispered the fart to her hnsbaud.
Summoning the waitress, the yonng man
asked:
"May we have a spoon *~
"Why. certainly." replied the girl. "I
am Jnst tidying np. and yon can have the
whole room tn yonnwlees In a nlnte or
two."—Llpplncott'a llagaiine. ,
T LIFE
TYPES OF PEOPLE FOR EVERY
HOUR IN NEW YOKK CAFES.
Sense of Humor Is Lacking in Ma-
jority of Them—Scan Menus or
Criticise the Apparel of
a Others.
First of all, enter the atmosphere.
And this, the atmosphere of u roof gar-
den^ls 10 per cent soft July air and 10
pa* £eiit gold July twilight, and a goodly
per cent of high hung lanterns and the
music of hidden mechanical birds, swinging
under the tangle of paper wistaria, fifty
feet above, where, between guarding panes
of glass shine the electric signs, plus :*
few stars, of Broadway.
A good deal of the grace of God Is there,
too. It Is a majestic /something that keeps
a distance east of the champagne bucket,
and goes out upon the daucmg space not
at all.
The thing tint is really lacking is a
sense of humor. There are not. ten people
with a really good laugh in their systems
in. a whole evening on a roof garden. A
sense of humor, of course, is never well
fed. Here people scan '•lie menu too often
and too long to allow the iiumor to get
upon its basic legs. A woman is a terribly
good sport and wants to enjoy herself;
l er cscort is growing old In the attempt
to make It an evening of evenings.
ITS VAKIOUS APPKAL.
"That," she says, in the very first ap-
peal of the thing. "Is the most hideous
gown I ever saw; nil sliced up where
she should be careful and all bunched
around where she should be coming out;
no arm at all, no arm." %
"What's wrong?"
. "Everything!" she said with high held
glasses. "Everything. Why donf women
get a sense of the decorative when thej
dress?"
"But you know," he soothes, "they are
really fearfully and terribly magnetic; they
mala a'i appeal."
Terribly appealing is th± soft melange
o.* the French sisters, wounn about In their
y-rd or so of silk, their wide, compre
landing eyes, their wider, less compre-
hending mouths, with a generous space for
rouge. Appealing the little foot that waits
the tango; appealing, too, the dumb, rigid
silences of the chaperon, who feels that
there Is nothing here for her but to main-
tain her sense of right.
A typical roof garden Is the Jardln de»
Dunse. It Is at least the best in the sense
of Its fullness of spectacular dancing,
both the dancing of the professionals and
these who go up to do likewise—if they
can. '
The 50-mile look la here, too. Let me
oj. lain.
People from out of town can't hide it.
Even people 110 turthcr away from home
than the Bronx hide It verj' badly. The
born-in-the-blood persons, those who seem
a part of the place, are those who live
in the hotel opposite, or in the apartment
Just around the corner, or at most, no
more than five blocks away.
Someone says something about thevtypes
of women that find their way Into the
atmosphere. Bach hour has Its particular
type—those who come in the beginning
ahd care so much, those who come behind
and care leas, and those who come in al-
most too late to have made It seem worth
while- There is the couple that comes in
nt 8:30 snarp, intent upon getting all that's
to be got, like a boy, at a circus; those who
come at 10:30 and dawdle with a glass of
something; those who come in from 11 to
12, not even deceptive in their careless
ea.ve.
The real element knows its garden so
well that If blindness found them sudden-
ly they could walk with their hands be-
hind them up to a particular table; could,
still with their hands behind them, pick
out a particular chair, and in the end
could find the floor. These men ma>
range frem banker to mere journalist, but
the woman who comes with them Is lan-
guid, Impressive, wears long, lassltudlnoua
side curls, and strings the contour of her
face to the sharp-pitched key of a large
expanse ef white forehead aud >i sudden
downward wave of well ordered hair. She
ii essentially ^repe; she moves in long,
pathetic lines she Is boldly conscious of
large hands and ample feet—she has even
made them fhshionable by endless displac-
ing them with a studied simplicity.
SKY HASN'T COME OUT.
A lot of anything can become fashion-
able If one gets used to it—even the Ho-
settl neck.
"Where is the roof?" she says, stepping
out of the elevator and casting her eyes
up toward the perfectly substantial roof
of lights and twining flowers.
"We're on It now," he assures her, load-
ing ler by the elbow to a seat near the
red ropes lending from the I lolly s' dress-
ing loom; she can see the inimitable Se-
bastian rnsh on with the #hole of 11 glri
in his arms and dance like a Spaniard of
old, with the burden material of bis love.
"But I don't see the sky," she Insists,
puffing l.er three rows of silk girdle about
her hips and breaking the paper around
the tip of her fan. "I don't see n single
piece of sky."
"The sky hasn't come out yet," he re-
turns, beckoning the waiter, who has al-
ready Insinuated them into place urouna
the symmetry of one of the thousand little
gieen tables.
"You see. this Is a place where people
come to enjoy themselves."
"Well?"
"Well, you can't, If the say and mos
qultoes get In."
"Yes, but this is a roof garden."
"Well, a roof gnrden can have a roof,
can't It?"
Subsiding, she looks at him as though
it were all his fault, which It Is partly;
for. ten to one, If only women visited roof
gardens there would bo. 110 roof to the
garden. Even If It rained buckets they
would prefer to sit under individual um-
brellas and souk themselves I11 the truth
of the thing to the very letter.—New York
Fress.
The Big Crockery Store
*"*On Commerce Street *
au u
ft
/ '
w
%
1
t
The Vulcan Gas Stove
• /
Guaranteed to Save You Gas
All the Different Patterns in Stock
# •
*
Cabinet pattern, like cut, with warm-
ing oven, canopy, five-burner top, 18-
inch oven, for
Cabinet pattern, without the can-
apy and warming oven, but with a
back shelf
$35.10
$29.25
The Clark Jewel Oil Stove
Two-burner pattern, like cut. The heat is right
under the vessel, where it is needed most. The best
oil stove on the market.
SPECIAL PRICE FOR THIS TWO DORNER STOVE $7.65
THREE BORNER PATTERN $11.00
Alaska and McCray Refrigerators
TWO STANDARD LINES
In either one ice melts more slowly, maintains a more
even refrigerating temperature, preserves food purity, pays
its cost in what it saves and lasts for years. Special prices
on both these lines this week.
BIG VALUES IN EVERY DEPARTMENT
AUTOMOBILE AND CARRIAGE ENTRANCE ON
Crockett St., While Commerce St. Is Torei Up
" ' , Weller & Wagner Co.
129-131 West Commerce Street
All Phones 304
TYPHOU) VACCINATION.
Thirty members of the Louisiana Na-
tional tJuard were vaccinated aK«ln>d ty-
phoid last week, the serum havlug been
forwarded from Washington. The War
Department is advising National Guard"
"ffh'nrs throughout the country to "vacci-
nate their troops" before going to the
summer camps and maneuvera. The ad-
vice is prompted, probably, by the feeling
in army circles that the organised milltm
may yet be called to active service, but
• he precaution against the possibility of
infection in the training camps is proven
sound by the experience of militia as well
as the regulars Though typhoid vaccina-
tion is optional In the guard orga ill sat Ions,
It Is certain that if volunteer troops were
called to service In Mexico the inocula-
tion would be made compulsory. In many
States, we understand, the guardsmen are
cheerfully accepting the army surgeons
advice.
Vaccination of the militia against ty-
phoid calls attention to the fact that the
treatment is still opposed Iu some qn«r>
ters and appears to be making slow prog-
ress toward general use. The Literary
Digest of June 0 quotes from two medical
journals which differ sharply regarding
the value of the vaccine. One of these
heartily endorses it. citing the remarkable
record of the American Army, and de-
claring that "every officer ami man now
in the T'nited States Army Is practically
safe against the disease." The ot\er sug-
gests that the value of the typhoid pro-
phylactic Is overrated, and that "the r*-
marl able -etrides made by sanitation be-
gan to show results which were also <*-
roneously attributed to the vaccine." Op-
position Is also reported in France, where
au act requiring typhoid vaccination In
the French army Is said to have been
rushed through Parliament "without de-
bate and without reference to the Acad-
emy of Medicine," which recommends its
"optional use" by soldlets.
It seems unfortunate that tests of ty-
phoid vaccine covering n number of years,
and conducted In this country at least un-
der conditions that ought to produce con-
vincing results, leave medical experts of
two minds regarding the treatment. 11
war with Mexico comes olie of Its results
may be the finally and absolutely conclu-
slTe test of anti-typhoid vaccination.- New-
Orleans Tlmes-Plcayune.
A CANTALOUPE TRUST?
An Investigation Just begun in rhicago
by agents of th« Federal Government In-
volves questions of equality before the
law which must be settled before certain
anti-trust legislation, now pending be-
fore Congress, is disposed of. K Is allvgeel
that a "cantaloupe trust" eiists: that It,
the Western rant a loupe Kxchange, by
having boards stationed in Chicago and
Denver, and by co-operating with coin
mission merchants In New York. Penn-
sylvania, Illinois. Colorado and California,
Is said to have exeeock^d its rightful p«»w-
ers in dealing with the market Distribu-
tion Is not the only object e»f« control, in
vestigators say, but production is included
as well. Tt Is charged that In 1IH1, before
the exchange was organized, cantaloupe®
usually sold at $1.75 a case. Now the pricf
Is a case. It Is further said that when
a number of cantaloupes, whbh the ex-
change regards as "sufficient" has ne»*
shipped to a certain city, the rest of the
crop, iu ho far ss the needs of the locality
already "supplied" are concerned, is per-
mitted to rot on the ground.
In one of the anti-trust bills now under
t\\ Red Top Rye-High Ball
The moat refreshing Summer drlnk«
Mo orders solicited or taken la any county oi
•tlier subdivision of a county of the State oI
Texas where the qualified voters thereof have by
majority vote determined tbat tlie aale of la-
toxica tine llquora shall be prohibited therein.
scrutiny of the Senate provisions were in-
serted by the House aiming at the exemp-
tion of labor organizations and associt*
lions of farmers or producers from pro§«-
cution under the Sherman act. There wera
certain qualifleations, but the effect was
to render doubtful absolute equality of all'
interests before the law. In the canta-
loupe case is offered an example' of erne
development. Primarily it is assumed that
the Western Cantaloupe Kxchange la a
marketing organization. It is not known
whether it i* an association of distributers,
or of distributor* and producers. It is
contended, however, that production la
controlled. The Federal grand Jury in
Chicago will endeavor te» get at the truth
of the matter, and If tlu» cantaloupe ex-
change Is found to have conniption with
the growers, as well as the commission
men. then Interest In the anti-trust ex-|
emption clause* ill properly l»e increased*
—Indianapolis News.
Maatels, tiles and grates below cost at
A. H. Shafer's removal sale. Phoues 279.
(Adv.)
ICE CREAM FREEZERS—ICE PICKS-WATER COOLERS-FISHING TACKLE
When We Get a Look; We Generally Sell the Bill
Because we not only know the best goods, the best makes to buy, best from whom to buy and we
buy in quantities that get the lowest price.
We Are Headquarters for Tools of Every Kind
I's
The Clark-Jewell Gas
Stoves and Ranges
Will do better baking and all kinds of
cooking than most any stove you can
buy.
The Seeger Refrigerators
will not only give you complete satis-
faction this summer, but for many years
to come. No sale and money back if not
satisfactory.
We have the best and most desirable lines of builders' hardware to be found in any market.
Lowest in price for quality and style offered. We have screens and screen wire, poultry net-
ting and everything seasonable in the hardware line.
Acme Hardware Co. MnSTml
LAWN MOWERS-LAWN AND GARDEN HOSE—SPRINKLERS—GRASS SHEARS
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San Antonio Express. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 49, No. 200, Ed. 1 Sunday, July 19, 1914, newspaper, July 19, 1914; San Antonio, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth432058/m1/7/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.