Democratic Telegraph and Texas Register (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 12, Ed. 1, Thursday, March 22, 1849 Page: 1 of 4
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&K
ISTER.
"-
A
T<filS $3 in advance.
Published Weekly.
or $5 at the encl.oi the year'
BY CRUGEB, & MOORE.
HOUSTON, THURSDAY, MARCH 22, 1849.
VOL. XIV. NO. 12.-WHOLENO.69l.,
TELEGRAPH AND REGISTER,
Published every Thursday, Main Street, Houston, by
cruger &, jsioore.
terms:
Snbscription for One Year, or Fifty-Two Num-
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Advertising, one dollar per square for the first in-
sertion, and fifty cents for each subsequent insertion
Ten lines or less to constitute a Bquare.
To Merchants and others advertising by the year, a
reasonable deduction from the above rates will be
made!
Steamboat cards, Political and Personal communica
tions w"dl be charged at the same rates as advertise
merits.
Announcements of Canditates for office $5 in
advance.
All Advertisements not marked with the length of
time desired for publication, will be inserted until forbid
and charged accordingly.
EFA11 communications intended for the Telegraph
must be addressed post-paid to the Editor.
. Law on Newspapers.
1 . Subscribers who do not give express notice to the contra-
ry, areconsfilcred wbTifoj tOonUpoeJbiuubcjiptfan. ,
2. Ifsubscribcri order the discontinuance of their papers, the
publisher may continue to send them till all that is due be paid.
3. If subscribers nsglect or refuse to take their paperTfrom
the oc3 to which they are directed, they are held responsible till
they have ttled their bill, and order their papers discontinued.
4. Tfsuhscribers remove to other places, without informing
the publishers, and tho paper is ent to the former direction,
they are held responsible.
5. The courts have decided tnat refusing to tale a paper or
periodical from the office, or removing, and leaving it uncalled for,
it primi facie evidence of intentional fraud!
Judge Thompson, of Indiana, decided recently, "That where
asubscribertoaperiodical failed to notify the editor to discon-
tinue the paper, at the end of the time for which he subscribed,
or navuDthsarrearaees.he was bound for another -year."
A year or twminea, the circuit court of Pennsylvania decided,
"That where a postmaster failed to notify the publishers jof
n ewspapers. that the.ir papers were not luted or tacen out tne oi-
fice, he rendered, himself liable fortheubscription.
Froii Venezdela. We have already announce d
to our readers, the fact that Gen. Paez was defeated
by Gen." Monagas, in a naval engagement which took
place on the 13th of December, but tho particulars
htve only come to hand within a few days througli the
correspondence of some Yenezuelian here.
It seems that on the 31st December, General Paez
suffered a third defeat, probably a final one, and cer-
tainly more severe than tho cheeks of the 13th and
21st Dec The Courier des Etats OnTs, says the fight
look place near a village called San Carlos, upou the
river Zulia, and the editor has the official bulletin of
the battle before him.
The insurgents to the number of almost 1200 men,
supported by our old steamer the Buena Vista, which
used to-run express for Halifax, occupied the village
of -San Carlos. The troops of the government, (Mou-
aga's, ouly 263 men it seams, surprised them in that
position, after a long night's march, mude in the most
profound silence. The combat was very lively and
lasted aboutfour hours but burniugdown the houses,
when the insurgents were satisfied, at last decided the
victory in favor of the government. A woman, it
seems, applied the torch. A great number perished in
the flames, and more than 100 were drowned, many
leaped on the bayonets of Monaga's soldiers, and more
than 500 prisoners were taken as soon as the day
broke. '
The Buena Vista, with 109 persons on board, and a
large amount of arms, and some felluccas and piro-
gues, were captured next day.
The maritime resources of the Paez party have
thus been annihilated, and his land forces have fallen
off to about 300 men, who crossed the river on the
morning of the engagement.
Three sons of Paez were taken prisoners Salas,
Ham an and-Thomas.
Congress was to meet Jan. 20lh, on which day
JlIonagas-aiaahLaiuiounee the pacification of the Re-
public. ff.Y. Express. ' '' " -
Virginia-HonumenLio Washington. The amount
of money now in the treasury of Virginia, applicable
to the erection of a monument to Washington, is up-
wards "840,000. This amount has arisen from pri
vate donations made in tho year 1818, in pursuance of
resolutions then adopted by the General Assembly.
The original amount was only a little more than 13,-
000, but havmg been placed .at compound interest, it
has been increased to $40,000.
SLAVE CASES AT WASHIffGTO.Y.
The Baltimore Sun's correspondent reports a recent
decision at Washington of great import:
Washington, Feb. 9, 1849.
U. S. Circuit Codet. Case of Daniel Drayton,
in error from the Criminal Court. This case, which
has occupied the attention of this court since the ar-
gument thereon, in November last, was decided to-day.
The case came np on eleven bills of exceptions, being
exceptions to as many decisions of Judge Crawford,
during the progress of the trial in June last.
Judge Cranch delivered the opinion of the court, and
affirmed the decisions of Judge Crawford, as contained
in the exceptions Nos. 1, 4, 7 and 9 ; and reversed the
decisions contained in Nos. 2, 3,5, 6, 8, 10 and 11.
The great principle involved iu the case, was tho
correctness of the definition of larceny, given by the
judge of the Criminal Court in the fifth exception, aud
on which several of the other exceptions were based
declions of the court' below, npon this and tho other
points dependant thereon; and Judge Dunlop deliver-
cd his opinion, differing from the court, and suelairmg
judge Crawford.
The judgment of the Criminal Court in the two ca-
ses of Drayton for stealing slaves belonging to Andrew
Hoover aid W. H. Upperman, and for which he is
now nnder sentence of imprisonment in the peniten-
tiary, is reversed, and the cases remanded with direc-
tions to award a venire jacias de novo.
The opinions of the court were very long, and four
hours were consumed iu their delivery.
A second letter, written on the 21st, puts the point
of the decision in a clearer light, showing the magni-
tude of the principle involved :
With a view to relieve tho public mind of an im-
pression that our Circuit Court had decided that it is
"no offence to steal a negro," I propose briefly to point
out what has been deeded npon that point.
'Drayton came here with a vessel ; he remained in
tbacity a few days, and then at night, secretly end ai-
leutly departed with his vessel, having on board about
$100,000 worth of our citizens' property. This prop-
erty was taken off without the consent or knowledge
of the owners, When arrested, he declared that he
had no affinity with abolitionists and intimated that he
did not carry off the slaves with aTiew to set them
free, bat that if he had succeeded in getting off with
his cargo, he would have realized an independent for-
tune. He was found with, lbs negroes in his posses-
sion. When the case came up fo be tried, the court, when
asked to decide upon a question of law, ruled in sub-
stance, that to constitute the crime of larceuy the jury
must believe that tho prisoner feloniously took and car-
ried away the slaves mentioned, with intent to defraud
the owner thereof; that it was not necessary for them
to believe that he intended to convert the slaves to his
own UBe, but that any dishonest gain, profit or remu-
neration resulting to the. prisoner from his thus taking
the property was sufficient From this (and other
points) an appeal was taken, and the Circuit Court
have overruled this decision, and laid down as the law
that the jury must believe thai the prisoner intended
to convert the slaves to hisown use, otherwise, his ta
king them, under whatever; circumstances, was not
larceny.
The effect of thiH decision is, that persons may car
ry off slaves hereafter with impunity, it being impossi
ble to prove what tho party taxing mienos to uu wiw
him. Moreover A mav employ B to steal fifty ne
groes from Washington, and pay B fifty dollars ahead
and under this provision, Mr. B, if caught, could not bo
convicted of larceny. Hence the insecurity now Test
;.rnn this snociea of DroDertv, and its consequent de
preciation. The Circuit Court was divided upon this
point, Judga Dunlop sustaining Judge Crawford in his
Vision : consequently of the fourjudges of our courts,
two are ou each side.
I learn that at the next Criminal Court, the District
Attorney will proceed against Drayton upon the cases
for transporting slaves, and aiding them to escape.
Drayton will undergo imprisonment in the jail instead
Straight from California.
The New Haven Journal furnishes its share of Cal-
ifornia news in the following:
We are able, through the politeness of a friend in
this city, to present to our readers tho followingextract
of a letter from a friend and college classmate, now at
San Francisco, dated November 18. The writer is the
Rev. C. S. Lynman, a graduate of the class of '37, who
soon after his settlement in the ministry, lost his health
and made a voyage to the pacific. He was there
when the gold mines were discovered, aud going to
them, he is reported to have gathered, in the short
time of six weeks, some 1500 in gold. We placo
more reliance on this leiter than anything we have
seen.
" The immense gold deposit in the Sierra Nevada
has been the prominent object of thought in California
the last six months, and will be for years. I have vis-
ited several parts of it.
"It is every where exceedingly rich. Its length
along the Sierrra has already been explored some 400
miles, and rich diggings have been actively worked.
At a moderato estimate, probably four or five millions
of dollars, at $19 per ounce, Troy, have already been
taken out since the workings were commenced, about
nine mouths ago, most it of within the last four mouths.
As the exploration proceeds the results become richer
and richer; from four to six thousand people have
probably been digging; and an average day's work,
for the whole, would hardly fall short ofauouuee.
Five, six and ten ounces are not uncommon days
works, and some individuals have taken out two, three,
four, and even ten or mora pounds of gold in a single
day?" - - -x-'n-y' ,,. i .. iiit,r.
"I design, at my earliest leisure, to write a pretty
full description of the placer, and its goological asso-
ciations. Suffice it to say that the rocks of the Sier-
ra Nevada range are primitive and metamorphic, and
that the gold occurs, so far as I have observed, solely
in one geological position, and that the stratum of drift
or diluvium, in places where the diggings have been
carried on, varies from half a foot to several feet in
thickuess. The riches'- excavations have been in the
bottom of dry ravines, though gold is found on the
slopes, aud even on the summits of the hills. Single
pieces have been reported as weighing fifteen and
twenty pounds, but the largest I have seen is one at
present in my keeping. It weighs between six and
seven pounds Troy, being composed of a large propor-
tion in bulk of quartz rock with metalic good inter-
spersed ; the weight of the gold amounting probably to
two and a half or three pounds."
Valentines in Pjiil.vdei.piha. Tho Ledger says;
"About forty thousand Valentines passed through
Blood's Dispatch alono, besides those which woro
sent thro' the Postoffice, through the other dispatches,
aud by private messengers. Probably we should not
be faramiss in estimating the number of the missives
sent from one to another in this cuy tho post week,
from fifty to seventy-five thousand."
Abb' Folsom assisted in the collections at the Mas-
sachusetts State Convention lately, and pocketed the
proceeds.
Wo hear, says an exchange, of a petition iu circu
lation, urging that no widow .shall be allowed to mar
ry uutu all the single ladies are disposed of.
ClIAQRES AND THE JoNRNETTO PANAMA. Amid the
conflicting accounts that reach us, .from recent voya
gers aud travelers, respecting the sea dangers and
land tribulations that await tho California adventurer
on the Isthmus route, the New York Commercial has
been induced to ask for information from Silas E.
Burrows, a gentleman experienced on the subject;
and he has complied with the request, in the following
letter:
New York, Feb. 17, 1849.
To the Editors of the Commercial Advertiser:
"For several years I had a commercial house esta-
blished at Panama, nud had a monthly intercourse of
packets with the port of Chagres, and across the Isth-
mus by canoes and mules to Panama.
I have crossed the Isthmus several times, and con-
sider the passage up the river, and across from Cruces
ita-PaaaraaijUrip of pleasure.
.Between the two lastplacesT nave-perrarmen-Tho
route in six hours, and persons whose health is good
can walk across in twenty-four hours, if they should
be unable to obtain mules at a fair price.
All should be provided with an umbrella to protect
them from the power of the sun, which is particular-
ly to be guarded against, as I have known passengers
from New York sacrificed in crossing the Isthmus by
what the natives call a "stroke of the sun."
All vessels should anchor outside, which anchor-
age is perfectly secure, and the Captain in his boat
should sound the channel.
He should, on no account, trust the pilots of Cha-
gres. In the mBuy years I have been connected with tho
trade, I never knew one employed, and have never
had any accident occur to my recollection.
I am not surprised that they cast away six vessels
out of eight; my astonishment only is, that they'did
not cast away the other two. The entrance to Cha-
gres I consider as safe as that by Sandy Hook.
The captain should alone take charge of his vessel
entering and leaving Chagres, and in all cases gain the
information by his lead, which will require but a short
time, over a few fathoms of bottom.
LeavingNew York in one of the sea steamers , and
taking passage at Panama in one of the United States
mail boats, oners, in my opinion, one of the most allu-
ring trips of pleasure uud interest now presented to a
traveler, and which will soon be selected by thousands
in preference to traveling in the old world.
If the travelers across the Isthmus are fortunate in
et8 .slrner at Panama, they may land at San
Francisco in thirty days from wYork.
SILAS E. BURROWS.
An instrument called the Melophone has been re-
ceived in New York, from Paris, by the New Orleans
Serenaders. It gives the effect of a whole band of ac-
cordions. '
The following report of proceedings in the House
of Representatives on the 14th Feb. relating.to the
Presidential votes may be interesting: '
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
After the reading of the journal,
On motion of Mr. BARROW, a message was
despatched to the Senate, announcing that the House
were ready to proceed to count tho voles of the elec-
tors of the respective States for President and Vice
President in convention of the two houses; which busi-
ness was the special order for this day.
31r. JONErt of Tcnneoooo askod the unanimous
consent of the House for the introduction of a bill to
grant inalienable homes o actual settlers, &c, of
which previous notice had been given by his colleague
Mr. Johnson, who being unable from sickness to at-
teriof the House, had desired him to make the request
but leave was not granted.
Messrs. Meade, Lenlv, Greeley, Jones of Tenn,
Sawyer, Bowlin, Cringham, AIorse of Louisianua,
Cocke, each asked the uuauimous consent of tho
House for the introduction of resolutions or reports ;
but objecions were mape in each case.
Counting the votes for President and Vice President.
At twelve o'clock and twenty minutes, the Senato
appeared at the main door of tho hall of representa-
tives, preceded by their presiding officer, Mr. Vice
President Dallas, and their Secretary, Mr. Dickius,
and two pages bearing the votes.
Filing into the hall, the senators look the seats pro-
vided for them around the area in front of the Clerk's
table, which was occupied by' the tellers, Mr. Jeffer-
son Davis of the Senate, and Messrs. Barrow and
McClelland ou the part of the House. On the right
of the tellers sat the Secretary of the Senate, and ou
tho left the Clerk of tho House, who acted as recor-
ders of the votes when announced by the reading
teller.
The Vice President occupied tho Speaker'b chair,
that officer being seated immediately on his left.
Having called joint convention of the two houses to
order,
The Vice President then rose and said: "In obe-
dience to law, the Senate and House of Representa-
tives have assembled on the present occasion, so that
I may fulfil the duty enjoined upon me by the consti-
tution, by opening, in their presouce, the sealed cer-
tificates of the lists of persons voted for, by the electors
in the respective States, as President and Vice Presi-
dent, cause the votes to be counted, and have the per-
sons to fill those offices ascertained and declared, a-
greeaLly to the constitution.
Tho Vice President then opened the certificate of
the State of Maine, and said: .I now open and pro-
sent to the tellers chosen by the two, Houses, tho cer-
t.fijato transmitted by the electors of the State of
Maine, that the votes therein recorded may bo coun-
ted." Mr. Jefferson Dwis then proceeded to read the
certificate, and tho vote reported was registered by the
tellers iu duplicate lists.
Tho tellers having read, counted, and registered
tho votes of tho electors of the thirty States, and com-
pared their duplicate lists, delivered the samo to the
Vice President.
The result is as follows:
Cass. Butler. Taylor. Fillmore.
Maine 9 9
New flamshire 6. 6 ..
Massachusetts 12 12
Rhode Island 4 4
Connecticut 6 G
Vermont G 6
New York 36 36
New Jersey 7 7
Pennsylvania ' 26 26
Delaware ' 3 3
Maryland 8 8
Virginia 17 17
North Carolina 11 11
South Carobna 9 9
Georgia 10 10
Kentucksy 12 12
Tennessee 13 13
Ohio 23 23
Louibiaua ,66
Mississippi 6 6
Indiana 32 .1Zji. --w,
Illinois 4 - -' "9 -'"' f-9.'4Aw.;.
Alabama 9 9-
Alissouri 7 7
Arkansas 3 3
Michigan 5 5
Florida 3 3
Texas 4 4
Iowa 4 4
Wisconsin 4 4
The Presidinq Officer here announced tho fol-
lowing as the report of the tellers:
'List of the votes for President and Vice President
for four years from tho 4th of March, 1849" here
he read tho list of the votes as given above aud con-
tinuing, he declared:
"The whole number of electors for President and
Vico President is 290 146 of which makes a major-
ity. "The state of the vote is
For Zachary Taylor 163 votes.
For Lewis Cass 127
For Millard Fillmore 163
For William O. Butler 127
"I therefore declare that Zachary Taylor, of the
State of Louisiana, having received tho greatest num-
ber of votes for President of the United States, and
that number being a majority of the wholo number of
clecto's, is duly elected President of the United States
for four years, commencing ou the 4th of March,
1849.
"Aud I also declare that Millard Fillmore, of
the State of New York, having received the greatest
number of votes for Vico President of the United
States, and that number being a majority of the whole
number of electors, is duly elected Vice President of
the United States for the term of four years, commenc-
ing on the 4th of March, 1849.
"The Secretary of the Senate will tuke charge of
the votos of the electors.
"The business of the meeeling of the two houses
being now finished, tho convention is dissolved, aud
the senators will retire to their chamber."
Whereupon the Vico President, attended by the
Secretary of the Senate, preceded that body to their
chamber. Mr. Barrow, on tho part of the tellers,
roso and said, that tho committee appointed on tho
part of the Houseuf Representatives, jointly with the
committee appointed on the part of the Senate, to as-
certain and report a mode of examining tho votes for
President and Vico President of tho United States,
and of notifying the persons elected of their election,
report, that the joint committee, in further execution
of the duties with which they were charged by tho
two Houses, have agreed to the following resolution,
in which their committee recommend to the House of
Representatives to concur :
ifcsorccfT'TiatTrcommttts'tjf-tTrt-nitr,BUr-iK-appoiuted
on the part of the House of Representatives
to join a committee of one member on the part of the
Senate, to wait upon Zachary Taylor, of Louisiana,
and inform him that ho has been duly elected Presi-
dent of the United States for four years, to commence
on the 4th day of March, 1849; and inform him that
he has been duly elected Vice President of the United
States for four years, to commence on the 4th day of
March, 1849.
The Speaker having put the question on this reso
lution, it was agreed to.
On motion, the House then adjourned.
The Quaker Giant and his Spouse. On Satur-
day evening tho interesting ceremony of marriage took
place between the two monsters (in size) who have
been, for the past two or three weeks, exhibiting them-
selves at the museum. The lady giant is, we have
learned, from the whereabouts of Yankee Snllivan a
native of Bandon, Cork, Ireland. The gentleman is
of Saxon descent. The nuptial couch, in which this
elevated pair were to have reposed, is twelve feet long
by six wide, and has been exhibited as "The Giant's
causeway." To the Celtic aud Saxon Patagoniaus
we wisharace of modern Titans equally illustrious as
themselves. We suppose the Major and his lady love
will be the next pair to enter the portals of Hymen's
Court. Go ahead wee ones! Justice McGrath will,
of course, do tho needful as well for tho lilliputs as for
the children of larger growth. IV. Y. True Sun.
Dr. Franklin used to say that rich widows were
the only piece of second-handed goods that sold at
prime cost.
Col. Bliss. The Legislature of New York have
not voted Col. Bliss a sword but a gold medal, in
triplicate one for him, one for the State Library, and
one for West Point Military Academy.
Amercan Republicans in Rome. Among the bat-
talions of the civic guard iu Rome, is a company of
American citizens studyiug tho fine arts in that city.
Hard Law. Iu Savanuah, Ga., a merchant com-
mencing business has to deposit with tho authorities of
tho city the sum of $500. Should he fail in his mer-
chandizing, he forfeits the 500.
The ladies of Frankfort, Ky., presented Gen. Tay-
lor with a magnificient Bible, and the Constitution of
UlO UlliteflTStUIO", bmmjin iho-iiimn gnhjnT-.
Thefollowing Sonnets are beautiful specimens one
of the poetry of Devotion, and tho other of the poetry
of Nature. "Tnoy are by Park Benjamin:
What marval is it that in other lands
And ancient days, men worshipped the divine
And brilliant majesty of stars that shine
Pure in their lofty spheres, like angel bands?
With a deep reverence, when evening came
With her high train of shadow, have I bowed
Beneath tho Heavens, as each new lighted flame,
Glowed in the sapphire fire from mist or cloud;
A holy presence seemed to fill the air;
Invisible spirits, such as livo i dreams,
Camo floating down on their celestial beams,
And from my heart there arose a silent prayer.
What marvel then that men of yore could see
Iu each bright star a glorious Deity!
Dost thou remember, friend, the rude, wild place
Wo visited together long ago?
The mountains with their diadems of snow;
The valleys robed in verdure at their base;
The broad, strong river which the eye could trace
Forciug through broken rocks its silver speed,
Till, ou tho open plain, like courser freed,
It dashed and bounded in exulting race
The clump of woods, the hermitage, the spiro,
That in the sunrise glittered like a fire,
To guide the traveller to tho distant town;
The narrow, winding road, tho ruin gray
That once a castle was, of old renown
Sight of past years! it seems of yesterday.
Smooth and cheerful of aspect are tho familiarities
of daily life, but who can mistake their roving glances
for the steadfast, tearful, unfathomable eyes of friend-
ship. There was an everlasting truth in the words
of that womau, who when asked why her love and in
lerest clung so closely, 60 obstinately, so unceasingly
aronnd one whom the world neglected, and who per-
chance deserved its neglect, said, for all answer, "I
have wept with him." And who questions the eterni-
ty of a tie thus cemented! We are joiiied together as
by nails, which pierce while they unite, but which
cannot be extracted without shivering the wood they
have penetrated."
Iu doing good, more good is always discovered re-
quiring to be none, and this is tho reward of doing it,
Alps upon Alps arise;" and a life thus devoted be-
comes sublime, as it approaches His who went about
doing goodi" What the expression "God said let there
bo light and there was light," is in reference to th e sub-
lime of creation, the phrase "Ho went about doing
good," is in regard to the moral regeneration of man-
kind. New British Review.
Thepje has long been a serious dispute be-
tween Turkey and Persia in reference to their
respective boundaries. To settle it, England
and Russia have appointed, by consent of the
belligerents, commissioners, who are now
on their way to. Mosul to make award which
is to be binding.
(& Mr. Young of the Canadian Executive
Counsel oassed throup-h Berlin?ton on the 6th
inst.t as the-bearer of the remonstrance of th-
Provisional X?overriment t'WSshlnstorr; a-i
gainst the bridging of lake Charoplain, (he ba-
sis of which is that they consider it a "positive
infraction" of an existing treaty between the
two Governments.
A Wagon caj hun without greasing-, and
business can be done without advertising, but
it is slow work. So says the Boston Post.
Since January 1848, 500,000 emigrants
have left Great Britain.
OT" Commodore Parker, of the United
States Navy has arrived at Berlin, on his way
to join the Austin Admiral Kowdriwoski, and
with him to organize the German Navy.
Pour water hastily into a vessel with a narrow neck
little entors; pour gradually, and by small quantities,
aud the vessel is filled. Such is the simile employed
by Quintilian to show the folly of touching children
too much at a time.
Family and- Social Reading. The
benefits of social reading are manifold. Plea-
sures shared with others are increased by
the partnership. A book is tenfold a book
when it is read in company of beloved friends
by the ruddy fire, on the autumnal evenings,
and when our intellectual pleasures are bath-
ed in domestic -affection. An elegant writer,
commending the practice of reading aloud,
says :
Among a thousand means of making home
attractive a main point inethics this stands
high. What is more rational 7 He would
be a benefactor indeed, who should devise a
plan for redeeming our evenings, and rally
the young men who scatter to clumps and
taverns, and brawling assemblies. Families
which am in a state of mutual repulsion have
no evening together over books or music.
The master is at the frequented bar-room.
The bovs are at some public room or place
blT amusements Tntr girts are- abroad-ln-fuli-i
dress. The mother sits at home in spec-
acles. And the several parties straggle in,
weary and some times surly, at such hours as
suit their whim, and then only as nature de-
mands sleep. It is well even if this, at
length, be not sought from home.
The Right to Labor. The French aro amusing
themselves with a new comic piece called "La Pro-
prieste e'est vol," intended as a satire on Socialism
generally, aud more particularly on that phase of it
held np by Mr. Proudhon, who has declared that all
"property is theft." Monsieur aud Madame Boum-
chon are the principal characters in it, and the bur-
lesque of the piece is in the disagreeable and ludic-
rous situation they are placed by a decree of govern-
ment recogniziug tho right to labor. Servants dis-
charged from offices refuse to go. In virtue of the
former decree, hundreds of citizyens, of all trades and
callings, flock to his house, aud without notice or
leave, at once enter upon the exercise of their re-
spective profession. Upholsterers' journeymen tear
down the paper from his walls, which were already
in good condition. Slaters tear off the roof, carpen-
ter breaks his doors, porters insist npon removing his
furniture to a new house, dorleurs d'eau inundate his
bed-room with torrents of water, and finding no other
vessel to receive the fluid, pour it into his boots ! aud
finally an unemployed dentist-insists upon drawing a
tooth. The piece is said to have set all Paris laugh-
ing for the first time since tho last revolution.
We have received, says the National In-
telligencer, from the Minister of the Republic
of Mexico to the United States, a letter on a
subject of no little interest at this moment to
the public of this country, of which we have
causecj as exact a translation as possible to
be made for the information of our readers,
as follows : Picayune.
LETTER FROM THE MEXICAN MIN-
ISTER. Washington. Jan. 29, 1849,
Gentlemen A great number.j( persons pro-
proposing to thmselves to go to Upper Cali-
fornia have written to me from different parts
of the United States to ask whether they
"WOUTd "flnd-mijr -eltftalo u ihnir ,passnrre-
across Mexico in going from Vera Cruz or
from Tampico to San Bias, or to Mazatlan, or
from Vera Cruz to Mexico, and thence to
Acapulco. They wish also to know whether
they will be able to travel armed and in large
parlies.
Every foreigner, of what nation soever not
at war with Mexico, can passacorss the ter-
ritory of the Republic, in no matfSr what
direction without any let or hindrance by the
authorities, provided always that he carries
hUjproper passports, or, if he be an alien resi-
dent in Mexico, his letter of protection. As
to carrying the arms necessary for his de-
fence, every traveller has that right ; but in
some of tho States, as a measure of police, it
is provided that tho political auhority may
give or withhold the license of going arm-
ed ; and he that does so without such license
either becomes suspected, or is exposed to
having his weapons seized by the police.
I need not speak of the case of tho political
authorities refusing a licenso ; for it is never
refused except to persons suspected of being
robbers or capable of committing disorders.
These are the provisions existing for ordin-
ary cases; but that now presenting itself is,
for Mexico, one altogether extraordinary and
novel : a very numerous migration or for-
eigners, and foreigners butlulely at war with
her, which is about to pass across her terri-
tories, and wished to do so in large paitics
of armed men. It is, then, probable that tho j
authorities of my country will adopt, or have
ahealy adopted, measures new and extraor-
dinary, with a view to guarding against any
disturbances which these emigrants might
commit, any contest that might arise between
them and other wayfarers, or the quiet coun-
try folks, or the people of the villages and
hamlets through which they may pass. I am
sure that there is in Mexico no ill disposition
towards foreigners, nor even towards citizens
of the United States. I am equally confident
that the greater part of the emigrants about
to traverse the Mexican territories are honor-
able and peaceful men, but among these
same emigrants there may be some will dis-
orderly men, capable of committing excesses
and acts a violence which will compromit
not only them but their companions. It is to
provide against such disorders that I suppose
spocial measures of police will have been al-
ready taken in Mexico. What they are I do
not and cannot yet know, except that in
general they must be such as the foreigners
passing through the Mexican Republic, on
their way to Upper California, will do well to
respect and submit to. Indeed, the emigrants,
let them be of what nation they may, wilt
find. iu. the Jaws and authorities of Mexico a
find. iiMhe Jaws and authoritie;
complete giinrantPft fnr ihmr livoa forft.'irmit
goods and for every thing, that according to
the laws of Mexico, be considered proper-
It is probable that one of those measures of
police which Mexico has adopted, or will
adopt, will be that of forbidding that emi-
grants shall pass across her territories in
parties more numerous than, in the judgment
of her authorities, shall be necessary for their
security. I consider it certain, also, that it
will not be premitted that the parties of emi-
grants should assume a military organization,
or acknowledge among themselves the com-
mand, rule or superiority of one or more of
their number over the rest. To allow this
would be much the same as allowing foreign
troops to pass across the Mexican territory ;
and this, under the constitution, the Govern-
ment cannot permit, unles 2 with the assent of
Congress.
Consuls and vice consuls of tho Mexican
Republic are authorized to furnish passports
to all foreigners going into Mexico. If for-
eigners about to do so take their departure from
a port where there is no Mexican consulate,
then they may take out passports from a con-
sul or vice consul of any nation in amity with
Mexico.
Some person have also inquired of me
what route through Mexico to California I
would recommend as the most advantageous.
To go from Tampico to the port of San
Bias, the emigrants will have to paoss through
regions little peopled, ill supplied with food,
at some points almost destitute of water, so
that they would have "severe privations to en-
counter. By the way from the city of Mexico
to Acapulco,in order to embrak thence for their
destination, they would have to pass through
the populations of the south of Mexico ; and I
regard it as almost inevitable that quarrels
and strife should spring up between the emi-
grants and the country people of those dis-
tricts. In my opinion, the most advantageous
route emigrants can take is from Vera Cruz
lo-llio-oUyoMiT?fn. thmi'gh ihn Slnfpq nf
Vera Cruz and Puebla : then throuah the
federal district, (the State of Mexico,) and
the States of Queretaro, of Guanajuato, and
of Jalisco, to Guadalajara, the capital of the
last ; and thence to San Bias. It might seem
preferable, the distance being shorter, to go
to Guadalajara through the State of Michoa-
can ; but this track, though nearer, offers few
convenences to the traveller.
These are gentlemen, the only explantions
which I can return to the many inquiries
every day addressed to me from various parts
of the United States by persons desiring to
migrate to Upper California. But I must re-
mark that, as I have no instructions from my
Government upon these matters, all that I
have said is nothing but the expression of my
individual opinions, and has, in no sort, an
official character.
I priy you, Messrs, Editors, to give public-
ity, through your juornal, to these explana-
tions ; and have the honor to be, your very
humble servant.
LUIS DE LA ROSA.
Straits op Magellan. As these Straits are to be
a good deal navigable by our vessels to California
the following acconnt of them, by Captain Morrell,
of New York, in his book of voyages, published in
1843, by the Harpers, may interest some persons.
He had been six times through this passage:
"The Straights are about 375 miles in length
their course forming an elbo, or two sides of a right
angled triangle. The distance across the land is
about 190 miles Cape Froward being the southern-
most point of the South American Continent the
Islund of Cape Horn being over 100 miles further
South. The Straits at the eastern entrance are be-
tween six and seven leagues wide, and have from 15
to 30 fathoms water. The tide on the Atlantic rises
about 16 feet, and about 8 feet on the Pacific. The
passage is safe for vessels of any size, and tho naviga-
tion pleasent and easy. There are many safe and
commodious harbors all the way through. Wood and
water can be procured with easo, aud au abundance
of fish, and antescorbatic vegetables, and birds and
deer, at the eastern eutrauce. The land is low on
both sides, like a rolling prairie. Towards tho mid-
dle and West it becomes hilly and mountainous
-eorrtS pan ufll leauwblhig tuueccmix-&-i!iaIudfion
river.
"The country is well peopled. Near the eastern
end of the Strait, Capt. Morrell saw about two hun-
dred Indians, all on horseback; and towards tho wes-
tern end he was visited on shore by more than a thou-
sand, who were very peaceable and friendly.
"About 120 miles trom the eastern entrance is
Port Famine so named by tho English navigator,
Caveudish, who, in 1587, rescued the only survivor
of a colony of 40 Spaniards, who had been settled
here in 1581 to form a nucleus for protection to Span-
ish commerce. Tho place was named Philipville, in
honor of the reining monarch of Spain. The unfor-
tunate settlers were left without sufficient provisions,
and did not pay sufficient attention to their crops.
When the placo was visited by Cavendish, he found
only one individual alive whom ho carried to England.
All the rest had perished by famine but 23, who set
out by land for tho Rio dela Plata, and were uever
afterwards heard of. "Had this colony been com-
posed of such meu as are daily emigrating from New
England to our Western wilderness, so far from suf-
fering famine, they would have converted Patagonia
into a fruitful country, and Phililipville would have in
time become a large city. It has a fine harbor, abun-
dauco offuh, game, and wild celery, and the finest
troes I ever saw; oaks, beech and cedars, 5 to 7 feet
in diameter. Some of them would mako the finest
masts for line of-battle ships.
"The valleys are clothed with a luxuriant verdure.
The clover fields of Pennsylvania, if suffered to go a
few seasons unmowed, would alone furnish a parallel."
Captain Morrcl visited the ruins of Philipville, and
says tho fort erected by the Spaniards is but slightly
docayod, aud with little labor could be repaired and
would command tho Struit. The captain made an
excursion into the couutry of which he gives on in-
teresting account. In the night th?y were disturbod
by a loud roaring, which ho rftcrwards found was tho
South American Lion.---r. Y. Jour, of Com.
. . i
Tosav the least of it. the Neanolitan Kino-1 n Irxr.
ical man and argues the matter with much force ani
truth, as the following from the London Weekly Des-"
patch plainly shows:
No one but an ultra Tory of the worst and oldest .
school of corruption, can possibly admire the King of,
Naples; and inaccessible, indeed, to all generous im-
pulses, must be the man who can sympathize with
that execrable tyrant. His character isprinted in the
blood of his people, and the very pavement of his cap-'
ital bears the sanguinary traces in which his infernal:
cruelty is written. But then he is a King and that'
is sufficient to ensure him a crowd of worshippers!
Nevertheless, a bad man mav sometimes nrtrim skill
fully, even in an atrocious cause; and he may avail
nimseu oi sucn suoienuges as the weaK points of his
opponent may suggest. Now infamous as the Nea-
politan policy is, that of England. 13. npt altogether
immaculate; and thus was it that the King; of. the-
1 wo oiciues was enoDieaioput some "pesera" toBIi,.
Temple, tho British Minister at Naples, in a recent
conversation between them. Mr. Temple, obedientto
the instructions wihch he had recieved from Lord
Palmerstan, urged on the King certain measures nec-
essary to the legislative and commercial independence1
of Sicily; adding, "Your Majesty will see tho pro-'
priety of granting a native army to. the Island, anrf of!
withdrawing all Neapolitans." "Oh! certainly!"
replied the King, " if your Queers will do.us the honor
10 bei so gooa an example in ireiana; 1 consider the
situation of Sicily and Ireland to be exactely the same;
and I pledge my faith to follow, step by step, everyf
measure her Majesty Queen Victoria lakes in, that,
part of her unsteady dominions." Mr. Temple observed,,
that "he did not think there was any analogy in the;
w.jw0 a. uuuuioiubu 1 vm "-
'certainlv there is not. No nart orT-rriinnd iViivK
hands of a rebel army, and no provisional government,
exists in any city, defying that established in the cap-"
ital. Therefore the Queen may safely withdraw a,
large portion ofher troops, whilst all here are required,'
to protectlhat part of the Island which is obedient to.
roy authority."
A Thrilling Incident. The Charleston Courier
gives the following incident as related to her friends
by the mother of the youth (Mrs. Wm. Maury) to
whom it occurred on board the ship Thomas Bennett,
ou her late passage from Liverpool to Charleston,
Mrs. Maury is of the family of the late James Maury,
who for many'years held the station of Consul of the
United States at Liverpool, having deen appointed to
that responsible office by Washington:
"My son was standing, on the outside of the mtzen".
shrouds, and fishiDg for gulf-weed with a hook and
line, when he overbalanced himself and fell into tha-
water. His younger brother was providentially, near'
him, and instantly gave the alarm. Capt. "Shermani
ordered the ropes of the jojly boat to be cut, and she,
was cast into the sea the captain and four sailors
leaping into her. They rowed for about fie minutes
without seeing tho boy, but at length observed his.
hands only just above water, and proceeding ihslantly-
to the spot, Capt. Sherman dragged him into the boat.
He was conscious, but nearly exhausted; and in all
human probability, auother half minute would have
seen him sink to rise no more. Oncoafe Fn the boat,
the Captain stripped him and put on the boy his own
flannels; they quickly rowed to the ship, where wo
putlrm into blankets, applied hot water bottles to his
feet and bodyj gave him a few tea-spoonsful of. weak,
brandy and water, aud after sleeping- three hours, hp.-
awoke perfectly well. He had been about ten min--utes
in the water, aud perhaps a quarter of an hoar
had elapsed altogether when they reached the ship.
No words could convey my own emotions during thi3
short period; but all can understand them. Under
Heaven, Captain Sherman was the means of saving
my child; but neither to Heaven above, nor yettoJiim,"
who was its agent, could I ever express the gratitude .
I shall never cease to feel till my last hour of life."
Late advices at New York from Venezuela, purport
that there has been a decisive battle between. Gener--al
Paez and the Government squadron The whole-
of General Paez's squadron had surrendered to the
other party.
Missing Vessel. The ship Gsorgiana, Higgitts,-
vllort Irnm I .rggrpwil nn th VIH7- lyypfflftftj.r.
last, for Philadelphia, and np to the 16th last, which
is our latest date from Philadelphia, she had not a-,.
rived, making exactly one hundred days up. to-that
date, she had been out.
Editorial Libel. Case. In the cose- of Daniel W"
Clark vs. James Gordon Bennett, at New York, for
libel, a verdict was rendered on the 17th inst., forde--lendant.
The alleged libel consisted in a police report,,
and some rather sharp editorial comments thereupon.
The distress in Ireland' has at last invaded the man- ''
sions of the great. We read of many instances where
parties having had incomes of 50,000 -a year, have
actually become so poor as to seek the lowest offices-.'
in the gift of the British Government. - V
A SUBJECT FOR CHLOROFORM
A ruby verdant youth, recently imported from the-
Green Mountains to-the Alodern Athens, frequently,-'
expreed his disbelief of the powers of Chloroform,, up-
on his individual organization.
"That's all darned nonsense," said he, 'tryin' to
make a feller believe that just snuffiin' at a bottle
I don't keer what's in it can sew him up. Make mo
believe it!"
So one day some of his particular friends-took him.
into a druggist's in HanoverSt. and'iudaceitoh'im in-
hale the fumes of the potent agent of insensibility. Ho
wa3 soon reduced to a state -of unconsciousness, which,
wasjsnfficiently tested by a series of experiments, such
as inserting pins into various parts of his body corporate,,
pulling his hair, aud pinching his ears, besides various
impositions. At length the green, horn, woke up, not
exactly like a giant refreshed by slumber,.immediate-
Iy took his departure, and went straightway to the '
lodging of a friend, where he- related his experience.
"1 feel a Ieetle corned," said he. "Don't know how
theydone it for I haint touched a drop of ardent
only just snuffed a little out a young bottle not much,
bigger'n a pipostem, 'Sides, X didn't lose my insens-
ibility a miuit knowed every thing that was goin
on jest as I do now."
"Perhaps you'd better look in.the glass," suggested
his friend.
Tho victim did so: he saw a countenance furnished,
with a pair of immense eyebrows sketched with ink,,
and mustaches, imperial ancLwhiskers to match, .while
a thousand lines and wrinkles were drawn across hia-
cheeks and forehead.
"Creation!" he yelled; Ither that are aint me bnt
como olhpr fHr TChat'istole my close, or else that.
"Cloroform Isstronger thTKfnlftil-ntHnr, t&iih-igfijrfln
stirred up inside of it."
Ho has not breathed a word against tho Chloroform,
from that day to this Spirit of the Times.
Increase of Pauperism in Boston. The report
from the Honso of Industry of Feb. 21, gives tho
number in that institution on that day at 708, an in-
crease on the average of the lastiwenty vears of over-
100. At Deer Island,oathe 20th,.there were 359-
persons, most of whom are paupers. Tne increase is.
composed of foreigners.
Mr. Atherton's Gold Lecture at the Taber
nacle. Mr. Robert Atherton, the gentleman spoken
of some time since as recently arrived from tho "gold
diggius," and who has resided two years at San Fran-
cisco, delivered a lecture on Friday evening, 16th inst,
at tho Tabernacle, on the subject of gold, miniHg, etc
Such is the interest in this subject that long before-
the hour appointed, the large building was literally
crammed by an eager and highly respectable audience..
We will endeavor to prevent a sketch of his remarks
The speaker commenced by saying that on his arri-
val here from California, he was applied to by many
persons for information respecting the country, and ha
thought the best way to impart this information, would
be to give a public lecture. He divided his lecture ia
to four principal divisions, viz:
1st Climate of California productions of the coun-
try River Sacramento, etc
2d. Mines modes of obtaining the gold average
per man, etc.
3d. Advlco to emigrants, w'th information as to the
articles required for comfort. ...
4th. Description of the various routes, with the ad-
vantages of each; also, the route through Mexico,
cost of traveling, etc.
In speaking of the country, ho remarked that Cal-
4t--
of the peniteuuary. j
I
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Moore, Francis, Jr. Democratic Telegraph and Texas Register (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 14, No. 12, Ed. 1, Thursday, March 22, 1849, newspaper, March 22, 1849; Houston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth48536/m1/1/?q=Lamar+University: accessed July 1, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.