State Gazette. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 48, Ed. 1, Saturday, July 19, 1856 Page: 2 of 4
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O&DHJUT Editor.
"rrgrTV. SATUBDAY. JOLT 19 1SSC.
ro pitxsi.oE.vr
JAliES BUCHANAN
FOU VICE-PKEStDEXT
JOHN C. BKECEOTIDGE
CrEEtTTCKT
DEMOCPJLTIC TICKET.
ELECXOBS FOB STATE AT ULBOE.
r. tv. eotvdox ir.n. scccmr.
DISTETCT ELECTORS
X. J. HOOD -. J. HAJIILTO.Y.
FOE COMPTEOLLER
JXStES B. SKATT.
FOE TEEASUEER
J-A3EES XT. KAY310.VO.
FOR ATTORNEY GEXERAL
.TASTES WILLIE.
FOB DISTRICT ATTORNEY Srxoso Dist.
CEOKCE T. jrOX.CS.
DEMOCRATIC COUNTY TICKET.
von cincr justice
JOHN 13. COSTA.
TOR COL'STY CLERK
JAMES M. SWISHER.
Ton Asscsson asd collectok
HUGH McBRIDE.
TOR COtTXTV TnEAStmUt
AARON BURLESON.
TOR COUNTY COMMISSlOXEtlH
FELIX SMITH NELSON MERRILL
JONATHAN ROGERS.
JOHN V CAsMIOU.VS TESTIJIO.NY
!?-" MR. BUCHANAN HAS HABITUAL-
LY INDICATED ON THE DANGEROUS
QUESTIONS OF SLAVERY. CORRECT
FEELINGS."
tiff" We are asUwrlicd to anoouoce the Dime of the
IIm. J0IIS HEMl'IIlLL as a candidate for reflection to
the e&ee rf CWf Joilke of tbe Banrerae Court of the
Elite. Bectfeo in August next.
t3T We are aalltxrUed to aiiDounct the name of the
Hen. A.S. Lir5COMJ.a a eaclidate for reflection to
tt.e office of usedate Judge of tbe Supreme Court of the
State laectlen In Aagott next.
37" We are aatitorltal to announce the name of the
Hen. K.T. WHEELEK a a candidate for re-election to the
office of associate JoJjt of the Eapretae Court. Election
ta August next.
J XJe Condition ot tfco State ot Texas.
In tbo two preceoing nnmoers we nave
examined the condition of all that part of
the State comprised within what is com
monly known as the sugar and cotton regions.
We shall in this number examine more
particularly the wheat region.
We may as a general rule define the
flieat region of Texas as that portion of
the istate lying north of a line drawn East
and West on the 30 deeree of north lati
tndr and North of the county of Travis
Theareaof said portion of the State is
estimated by Commissioner Crosbv at 171
050 square miles or 109860000 acres.
In estimating the real productive powers
of this region we may cite a statement from
the Patent Office Report for 1854 page 14 .
Here it is stated that the District compos
ing the valley of the Susquehanna is 70
miles in length by 12 to 20 in width or
about 1120 square'miles and that the sur
plus of wheat produced is one milton of
bushel ! Now as the table given below
from the census places Pennsylvania and
Texas on the same footing for the average
amount raised per acre' (15 bushels) it is
bat fair to estimate the capacity of our
wheat producing region upon the same
basis. The uncuhivatible land in the Sus-
quehanna valley is also proportionably far
greater than our wheat region. If then
1120 square miles in Pennsylvania produces
a million of bushels surplus of wheat 171-
C)0 quare miles in Texas would produce
153207857 bushels or upward of fifty-
three millions of bushels more than actu-
ally produced in the whole United States in
1S30 as may lie seen by the annexed table.
Tliis too Is allowing for consumption the
same amount of wheat as in Pennsylvania
which would not be so great on account of
the lamer amount of corn consumed by our
producers of wheat.
At the -amc time it is proper to say that
in counties much further to the South in
for instance Victoria county on the Guada-
loupc and Fayette on the Colorado wheat has
been raised successfully. In Bastrop the
experiment has been tried this past season
C8-"We are wrthoriied to announce the name of
THOMAS J. JEXMNGSaia candidate far Associate Jo
Ue of the Sepmae Court. Beetles in Aop.it next.
JST" We are authorized to announce Jt)QN B. COSTA
aa a candidate for Chief Justice at the coining August
ettettea.
jy We are authorized to announce JAMES I'. DAVIS
ai a candidate (er County Chrk of TraTli county at the
catslng August election.
V
T" We ara authorized to announce IICGH McBRIDE
at a candidate for Assessor and Collector of Travis county
at the onttrtag Aognt election.
t We are authorized to announce ED. FKWIX" a
eandMate far Treuarer of Travis County at the ea-
raise; August dectfcm.
at CO to C5 lbs. per bushel but we have
been credibly informed by citizens of the
wheat region of Texas that much of our
wheat averages 70 to 74 lbs. per bushel.
In the following table we have the amount
raited in the State in 1850 and 1850. It
will be noted that the increase is immense
and that counties organised since 1850
produce triple -as much wheat as was then
raised in the whole State. We have sub-
jected our estimates for 1850 to members
representing the wheat region and we
believe that these are much below the real
facts :
COUNTIES
1855.
.Wheat
with iireat success.
X3t" We are anthorizid to announce J. J
aiTcaodHatc for Assessor and Collector of Travis County
at the earning August election.
ra- We are authorized lo announce JAMES J10?
SW1SHEK a a candidate for County Clerk al the enam.
Anruil election.
EB Wears authorized to announce AXXX. H COAU
.E77 .. .....j- .. . ...u.u tar Dlitriet Attorney or
h M JndWal Dlitriet. coopoicd of the counUei of
Batrep Caldtrdl Gmdaloupe.Uays TraTb Burnett ana
WBMamianatUieeBiulncAugut election.
We are authorized to announce THOMAS IL DUVAL
Eaa- ai a candidate for reflection to the ofice or Diitrlct
Jaaje far the 2nd Judicial DUtrlct on the 4th day or
August next.
To iht Editors of the State Gaztttc :
Br tho request of laanr friends Iamacaudi-
aeti fnr rpleetian to the oflico of Diltrict Stir
vojor nf Travis DUtrict composed of thocountieB
of Travis iSurnctt tiays eve .
JAMES R. TACE.
Bff We arc authorized to announce MLUAM E.
WILUSortaopaia county aa a candidate for Diitrlct
ScrvtTor for MBan Land Diitrlct. Election first Monday
te Auct next.
We are are authorized lo announce L. IL LGCKETT
ai a candidate ror District Surveyor. Election nrst iion'
day In August.
JS Rev. R. B. BurtLtsoN will preach at Cal
honn's School House in this city on Sunday the
20th intt at 10 o'clock A. 31.
J-Wc have had the pleasure of making
the acquaintance of Hon. F. 31. Gibson
fonaorly a brother of the quill but who
is now a candidate for tke judgeship in the
first district. Mr. Gibson is undoubtedly
well qualified for the office and he hns our
bt wishotr.
JEST" We have had the pleasure of meet-
ing wifi 3Ir. Ossvtaij) of the San Antonio
SlaaU Zdtung. Mr. O conducts a good
papr and will do much for the cause ot
the Democracy in the present contest. He
warmly supports the National platform and
apposes Kjiow Nothing Germans whether
in San Autonio or Austin.
Meeting at Case's Mill. Democrats
reeellccl the speaking at Case's mill to-day
(Saturday.) when Wm. Byrd County
Elector will be proscnt and address the
peple.
IsST Lieut. Stevens U. S. A. delivered
J address before tbe Internal Improvement
Ovisttmttoo thepstweokin relation to the
imprtvamont of our rivers. Lieut. S. has
Had muoh oxporioucc on our rivers and his
views wore listened to with interest.
t
SsiTCo&.E.D.McKEXXyhas taken the
stuwp in favor of the candidates of his
judicial district. This speaks well for his
detBocraey. In .a late letter to us he woll
naaarks : I sua not of that class of demo-
crate who think democracy is centred in mr
regarding the party as ' ruined' unless Jam
the standard-bearer. I can do good sen-ice
in the ranks ad I will." Very good.
""
BaT Col. Kendall of the New Orleans
ricayewe ias bean spending a day or two
ia Austin. He k now a permanent citizen
of Texas sad resides in a very beautiful
mI picturesque portiin of Gonial county
where for some years he has been eetahlisb-
mg si ranch. Col. K. has wou for himself
a Wek and deserving reputation as awritcr
and w are glad to know that ho has deier-
aiiidd to spend his life in our state.
Jcdrs or Xlzc Sonrcrao and District
Courts.
Tbe report from the Judiciary Committee
ef the Senate made by Mr. Palmer ikes
tire operatioa of thz law of last winter from
Ute date ef its approval by the Governor
aad deckres the mil to apply to all such
jadjjK as should ba elected or qualified after
Up&S53g& of said act.
Col. Dancy of Fayette has averaged as
high as fifteen bushels to the acre in that
county.
Wheat was formerly cultivated by the
Mexicans in Bexar count. Mr. Maverick
one among its old citizens and a member of
tbe Senate .ays that irrigation was used in
ita cultivation with trreat success. On the
opposito t-ide of the Bio Grande wheat is
extensively cultivated.
EI Paso county we are informed by Mr.
Crosby furnishes U. S. posts both in New
Mexico and Texas with their supplies of
flour. It is tbe chief crop of the county
and yields in greatest abundance. This
county is over 600 miles from the seat of
Government.
Wheat is said'to grow readily in almost
e ery climate from the torrid to the frigid
zone. It is raised at Fort Liard in the
vicinity of the Bocky Mountains 60 deg.
north latitude and it is raised also as far
to the south as the river Nile in Egypt but
still there are certain localities in which it
is less prolific and a less reliable crop than
others. In the Patent office report for
1853 there are three stations given by way
of example Cincinnati ( Ohio ) New
Harmony (Indiana) and St Louis Missouri
embracing Southern Illinois &c. being
districts where the greatest amount of rain
falls on the western rivers. In these regions
wlieat is an unreliable crop. Ine main
causes which contribute to this want of
adaptation for wheat is the excess of humidi-
ty in the atmosphere ; a low state of
temperature has also a disasterous effect
further North.
Wlieat needs a dry and equable atmos-
phere and no country in the Union would
seem better adapted to its growth than nor
thern Texas. The best northern wheat regions
are classed by Commissioner Mason of the
Patent oflico as Bochester New York
Gettysburg Pa. Cleveland Ohio and
Milwaukie Wisconsin. Nowin these several
places the wheat is harvested about the
early part of July and the mean tempera-
ture of the harvest month ranges from 70
to 73. The first being the temperature 'of
Milwaukie. In Texas the wheat ripens
in Ma' and in this month the mean tem-
perature at Fort Graham is given as 73
deg. The temperature during the mon th of
ripening thus corresponds very nearly with
the more favored wheat reinons of the North
but the superior elevation of our country
and the dryness of the atmosphere are
exclusively the advantages incident to Texas.
There are two varieties of wheat which
we may mention the hard and the soft.
The soft wheats have an opaque coat or
skin and which when first cut give way
readily to the pressure of the finger and
humb. This is a northern wheat and re
quires long drying before it can be ground
into flour.
The hard wheat is a Southern wheat
such as we raise in Texas. It is a compact
seed transparent and when bitten through
breaks short and shows a very white flour
within.
The qualities of these wheats are different
and enter into tbe causes of their consump-
uou oy commerce 'l'he soft wheat of the
North contains the greatest quantity of
starcA which fits it for vinous fermentation
by its conversion into sugar and alcohol
and it is therefore the best for brewing and
distilling. The bard wheat contains the
mostutoi a tougb viscid substance wbich
is very nutritious and which containing a
portion of nitrogen readilv promotes that
fermentation orrmity as it Is called of
mc aougn wnicn is essential to good licht
Anderson.
Angelina
Austin
Atasceia
Bastrop -
Bell
Bosque
Bexar
Bowie
Brazoria
Brazos
BurlesoD
Burnett
Bandera
Caldwell
Calhoun
Cameron
Cai
Cherokee
Collin
Colorado
Comal
Cooke
Coryell
Comanche
Dallas
Denton
De Witt
Ellis
EI Paso
Erath
Falls
Fannin
Favette
Fo'rt Bend
Freestone
Galveston
Gillespie
Goliad
Gonzales
Grayson
Grimes
Guadaloupe.
Harris
Harrison
Hays
Henderson
Hidalgo
Hill
Hopkins
Houston
Hunt
JackBon
Jasper
Jefferson
Johnson
Karnes
Kaufman
Kinney
Kerr
Lamar
Lavaca
Leon
Liberty
Limestone
Lampasas
Llano
Live Oak
McLennan
Madison'
Matagorda
Medina
Milaui
Montgomery
Maverick
Nacogdoches
Navarro
Nowton
Nueces
Orange
Panola
Polk
Presidio
Parkor
Red River
Refugio
Robertson
Rusk
Sabine
San Augustine
San Patricio
Shelbr
Smith
Starr
San Saba
Tarrant
Titus
Travis
Trinity
Tyler
Upshur
Uvalde
Yanzaadt
Victoria'
Walker
Washington
Webb
Wharton
Williamson
Wood
Wise
Young
i' ip
is
1556.
Wheat.
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199
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2433
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2933J
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30
86
148T)
48
294
166'
7-r
14G3
1703
50
1725i
40j
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1
4024'
2fC0
800
25000
6000
300
3000
75
300
10000
S0O
2SO0O
20000
130000
1000
20000
15000
4000
120000
10000
200
50000
100000
4000
3000
125000
600
5000
1000
500
100000
50
500
1000
GOO
25000
20000
50000
150
55000
30000
60000
-
3
I
4824i
209
1053
100000
200
2000
7000
100
30000
.515
'359
124
657
16
12
3028
l
991
390
200!
2651
921
6651
384
1099
656
4
91
92
753
41733
3000
30000
1000
5000
1000
100000
5000
350
150
5000
80
40000
7000
6S0O
20000
3000
300
57
25000
7000
1000
100
1.433212
We cannot better illustrate the rapid
progress of Texas in the production of
wheat than by comparing her position with
other States. The following table gives
the amount of wlieat raised by each State
of the Union in 1S50 as al?o the average
crop per acre :
Bushels of Wheat produced in the several
States :
wheat to bakers and large consumers of
bread the advantages in favor of its culti-
vation in Texas are superior to any North-
ern State and must give us the choico of
markets abroad.
It is therefore readily seen that our
wheat product is a large and controlling
interest in the State and demands a liber-
al share of facilities of travel to market.
What loss it is now sustaining may be es-
timated from the fact that the citixens of
Collin are furnishing the United States
Government at Fort Washita with flour at
the low rate of 275 per cwt. or at about
$550 per barrel while our last prices
current from Galveston averages this article
at SS 75 per bbl. and at New Orleans $S00
per bbl. ; at Cincinnati SG50 per bbl. and
at St. Louis per S650 bbl.and at New York
at $750 per bbl. The contractors foe Fup-
plying Fort Washita have we understand
bought wheat in Collin at 02 1 cts. per
bushel. The following paragraph from the
"Frontier Patriot" of the 4th of July last
published in Lamar county shows an
equally low price in that region :
"New wheat is sellin in this county for fifty
'cents per bushel and under. This is a clear loss
"to the farmers of one dollar per bushel on every
"bushel all for the want of a Railroad to reach a
"market. When will the people understand their
"own interest a farmer wno proauces one tnour
"sana Dusneis oi wneat me amount oi nis losii
"would pay a large installment on a very largo!
"amount of stock in a railroad. Some folks are
'wise and some are otherwise."
Now these are ruinous prices and call
loudly upon legislators to remove a far as
it is in their power the great evil which is
now and must continue to be the cause of
it. We have before us several estimates
given in the report of the Commissioner
of Patents 0iowinsr the cost of raisintr
3 O
wheat and it Is proper to introduce one of
them. The following is given by " TIios.
F. nicks of Galloway Knox county
Ohio.'' See Patent Bcport for 1854 page
145.
"The cost of producing an acre of u heat in-
cluding the rent or value of the laud for one
"year may be estimated as follows :
"Ploughing once - . 100
"Harrowing three times - - 70
"Cradling Shocking and Housing. - 200
"Threshing 20 bushels at 7cts. - - 114
"Conveyance to market - - 100
'Seed wheat 1 1-2 bush at. .! - 125
"Interest on land for one year - 200
5909
Let ut .xee then the loss sustained at the
present prices for wheat in Collin and La-
mar counties.
Estimate the price of wheat at fifty
cents per bushel or 02i cents and what
would these 20 bushels amount to ? Why
but to $10 and $12 50 or but 91 cents
and $341 cents surplus per acre !
The avoragc price per cwt. of flour in
Galveston and Houston is about $4 37'.
At this rate the LOSS sustained by our in
terior farmers is about three dollars and a
quarter per bbl. and making allowance
for higher prices in other parts of the wheat
region wc still may set down the loss in
the salo of this crop for want of railroads
at HALF A MILLION OF DOLLABS.
In this estimate we throw out El Paso
and such other counties as cannot be ap-
proached for some time by railroads.
When this great wheat region shall find
an outlet upon our coast the vast amount
of wealth it must bring back to Northern
Texas and the impetus which it must give
to business in general will change the
whole social condition of our State. A
railroad striking towards a region like this
is seeking no barren sceptre nor can it
possibly fail to bo a productivo investment.
When for a moment we contemplate the
charactor of our resources and behold first
our sugar region on the coast next our
vast cotton field and lastly tlm gigantic
wheat region well may wo look to the ex-
tension of a railroad to our most Northern
and Western frontiers running as it would
through all these regions as of the highest
moment to the future destiny of our State
and calculated to diffuse over the whole of
it a tide of gold which the mines of Cali-
fornia or of El Dorado have never surpass-
ed in all the glittering dreams of the one or
the exciting realities of the other.
In our next we shall examine ourresour-
ces for conducting a large external commerce.
STATES iSD TEKEIT0RIE3
1S50
AVlnUGE ECSUtLB
rr.it aCKE.
294044
199639
17228
17870
41.T6J
4S2.511
1.027
1038554
9414575
6214453
15S05S1
2142622
'
296259
4.494.6SO
81211
4.925.8S9
137990
2931652
165653
1601191
13121493
2130102
144S7351
15S67690
49
1066277
1619836
41729
533.955
M 11212616
4V6181
1.401
196516
211943
107702
5
10
11
15
S
11
12
14
S
10
13
16
ID
0
11
11
11
12
4
12
15
15
IS
"Democracy oj tfec Rto Grande.
We see flat a meeting of the democracy
was Jitoly Held at Point Isabel and the
QiBci&B&U noaiinstloas wore unanimously
aae ea&esstKliy ratified. James Mal-
ktt Prostdaat and Jss. KlelbTrand S. E.
L&ngQM Stcrotaries.
.We Also learn that the uamooracv of-
BrowBEvJik .shortly UjgjgBg regular
vic&wcxxuc uusicc wua -uu iiuuuaauorjs ot
Buch&nsa and Breckinridge.
breed.
The quantity of gluten varies from 5
per cent in soft wheats to 30 per cent in tie
hardest or most transparent.
As an arficle of commerce Aerefore
Southern wheat is iu the greatest demanrf
for bread: it is called stronger? the bakers
and is more sought after by them thnn
any other iano. Owing to the larger
amount of gluten it is capable of being
puffed up into the larges sizeo.loaf and
'thus commands a better sale.
The usual average of wheat is estimated i
Alabama
ArLansasv.... .......
California
Columbia District of.
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida.
Georgia. ...... ......
Illinois
Indiana
IOWA
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Mississippi
Missouri. ..........
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Texas ... .......
Vermont
Virginia
Wisconsin
8 Minnesota
M New Mexico
fel Oregon
K Ictah
Total Bushels 100.4S5.S44
With the exception of Florida it will be
seen that the average of wlieat produced
to the acre is greater in Texas than in any
other Southern State. It far outrivals
Alabama Mississippi and Tennessee.
Now our crop in 1850 being one mil-
lion four hundred and thirty-three thou
sand two hundred and twelve bushels
we stand next to where Iowa stood
in I860. By the same table will be
seen that Pennsylvania stands first on
the list for the quantity of wheat pro
duced. It exceods fifteen millions of bush-
els. Neir York next and Ohio next.
These three States united raise forty-two
millions of the one hundred millions of
bushels raised in the whole Union. And
yet if we refer to the average of wheat
raised to the acre we find Texas standing
riHi Pennsylvania and ahead of Ohio and
New York. Ab a profitable crop therefore
weiiave a. right to predict an immense in-
crease in thecultivation of wteai in Texas.
-p- jeiK:..ST '
indeed comingas .it does' at least one
month earlier intoTjmarket than either of
those States and bong a more profitable
The River Bill.
The Biver bill which passed the House
the present week is materially the same as
the bill which passed the Senate at its last
session.
It sets apart the sum of $300000 as
a special fund for the improvement of
the navigable rivers bayous lakes and bays
of Texas
It enacts that when $1000 is raised by
private contribution on any of these water
courses four times that amount may bo
contributed by the State provided that the
sum shall not exceed $50000 and be ap
plied to such portions as shall be specially
designated in said subscription.
The subscribers are required to pay in
five per cent of their stock when an engi-
neer is appointed by the Governor at a
salary of $4 per day who is to examine
and lay off the work to be done and to
make the contracts for its performance
and to make quarterly reports to the Gov-
ernor It is also provided to co-operate with
Louisiana Arkansas or Mexico to the
amount of $15000 in any improvement of
rivers running near our own boundaries.
The disposition prevails to aid such por-
tions of our river country as may not be
able to anticipate important advantages from
a railroad system and wc think that where
it is practicable to make our rivers avail-
able it is very proper at this time for the
state to render its aid to the citizen.
In passing this bill it must be seen that
members from the interior have acted with
a commendable zeal for the interests of the
whole state ; for the benefits to accrue to
them from improvements in rivers are
mostly remote. In the same spirit we ex
pect to see the extremes of the state aid
the building of railroads into the interior.
and give to our northern and western
j citizens those permanent and important
taciuties ot communication which they can
never expect to reach by rivers.
Kaxuas Committee on Slavca and
Slavery.
So much has been said by the people of
Texas in favor of our friends struggling in
Kansas to extend the area of our southern
institutions that without some practical
and substantial evidence of our sincerity
our courso will have been a mere mockery.
The elections this fall will do much to fix
the fate of the institution of slavery. Cir-
culars have been addressed to us and our
other sisters urging us in view of this
result to send men and money to Kansas ;
and nobly have our sisters responded.
Where the legislature was in session as in
Alabama state aid has been freely rendered ;
while several companies have been sent by
Alabama Georgia South Carolina and
other states which are now in Kansas and
whose presence there have already had the
effect not only of ehecking'northern immi-
gration to Kansas but of causing hundreds
of free-soilers to go back to their homes in
the north. Onejinportant feature in the
drama now enacting is that our southern
immigrants are hailing the steamers ascend
ing the Missouri river disarming the aboli-
iionists of their Sharpe's rifles and send-
ing them back a far as St. Louis under
guard.
SPjWc are confidently told by our friends in
Kansas that it is in our power to give that
state a slave constitution and that slavery
is a profitable investment in that territory.
How are we of Texas to respond a'portion
of whose territory lies within thirty milea
of Kansas . Is itjby resolutions filled with
eloquent bombast ? Will this save Kansas ?
Is such a course honest to ourselves let
alone Kansas? To our mind wc have but
one course to take and that has been nobly
initiated by the Committee on Slaves and
Slavery. Their bill and report will be read
in another part of our paper. It oucht to
be placed in the hands of every man in the
State and every true Tcxiau will rejoice
from liis inmost soul ovcr.the noble stand
taken by this committee. If then- is any
objection to it it is that the amount to be
appropriated is not large enough. A hun-
dred thousand dollars would be a trifle to
offer for the security of Kansas to the pouth.
Look at tho map of the union ! Every inch
of the soil lies south of the Missouri line
on. the north ! Every Yankee also who goes
there must ascond tho 3Iissouri river.
Think of our situation were that river the
Trinity the Brazos or the Colorado and were
we every day beholding steamers passing
through our slave state with crowds of the
most pestiferous abolitionists of N. England
on board armed with Sharpe's rifles banded
togethor under solemn pledges to root out
slavery and destroy its existence forever in
territory lying immediately on our border.
Well might Missourians regard the contest
as a battle waged against their homes -and
firesides and their young men seek to meet
the foe at the threshhold and determine the
future by going themselves to this territory
so truly southern property and making it
their home for life.
But is Texas an uninterested spectator ?
If these abolitionists may not enter Kansas
by ascending one of our rivers how far
from us are they when they settle iu the
territory ? In many cases no further than
St. Louis ! And if by present wilful and
ignominous indifference we shall permit
this rich and vast territory to be reserved
for northern abolitionists in a hr years it
will bo easy for them to scatter over the
whole northern part of Texas. The Indian
territory will not long be in their way and
then with a colony of New England and
Chicago abolitionists near the boundaries of
Texas Arkansas and Missouri we may
expect a constant and increasing warfare.
The Committee on Slaves and Slavery
propose to aid immigrants to Kansas with
means to the amount of fifty thousand dollars.
We solemnly believe that it will save Kansas
from the impending calamity. In tho first
place the Texans who go to Kansas would
go there with the determination of settling
and maintaining their rights with the same
courage and chivalry that ha3 at all times
distinguished our sons. The Texan ranger
is known well by the abolition Yankee and
his name will strike terror to his cowardly
soul ! He will not molest him ; he will not
come to his fair land to steal away his inhe-
ritance ; he will shrink from the conflict
that be knows must ensue.
Pass these resolutions and the cause of
the South in Kansas is safe. It will do more
to end the freesoil controversy and to effect
it peacefully than all the proclamations of
governors and presidents. If we have any
concern tor the safety of our southern insti-
tutions either in Kansas or in Texas pass
these resolutions we say. It is useless to
quibble while our foe is in the field. If
they succeed and all that wc have done
shall have been the utterance of fine-sound
ing phrases mere windy patriotism we
shall have ourselves to blame and what that
blame may be God only knows. With a
constant agitation against our institutions
immediately within the reach of abolition
presses and near our borders. our prosperity
must be in perpetual jeopardy and a feelinc;
of insecurity pervade all classes blasting
improvement destroying the value of pro-
perty and leaying us far behind our sister
states in wealth commerce and position in
the confederacy. If Kansas becomes a free
state Texas will have a burden to bear
which will depress all her energies.
Lent D.Evani' Speeds.
We have received a copy of a speech by
the Know Nothing Kepresentative of East-
ern Texas delivered oh the 13th of May in
the House of Kepresentatives.
We have no disposition to make any ex-
tended notice of it because we regard its
author as politically dead beyond redemp-
tion. We only de3ire to say that the new
card which Lem is playing is opposition to
conventions and caucuses. Such men are
to be watched. They come into the demo-
cratic party for no good We doubt not
that Lem Evans will find a party in Texas
opposed to conventions and caucuses and
th.it in the future elections they hope to
get several candidates in the field for Cou-
gress or State offices aud in a sort of free
fight secure the spoils. Lem's knowledge of
conventions and caucuses was got from a
very bad source when he attended the
Washington K. N. secret state convention
and his course during his canvass for Con-
gress after receiving a nomination from
that Know Nothing body is enough to dis-
gust all good men with Know Nothing
conclaves at least but the Democracy
who are not on the 'tci'W huut after ojfice"
and have other objects to achieve incident
to the establishment and perpetuity of great
principles of government can look to their
time-honored caucusas and conventions
held in open day or with open doors and
where no man's lips are sealed or his will
put under the ban of any set of men as the
palladium of their power and glory and
never to be given up without defeat and
dismay to 'divided efforts and distracted
councils.
Neither Lem Evans nor any otbr man
will ever convince the people of Teias that
democratic conventions and caucuses should
be abolished. This speech docs not appear
like any oPLcm's efforts but ns the effu-
sion of some voune: sprit: fresh from his
collegiate studies. Pedantry such as this
fills up the speech : " It is a fundamental
axiom of political statics that no society
can hold together as a durable unity with-
out a vital and vigorous piiit of nation-
ality" &c.
Toting for such men as Freesoil Fuller
for Speaker is a "vigorous spirit of nation-
ality" with a vengeance and will not soon
be forgotten in Texas-.
Electing- on Saturday Iast.
We had several speeches pro and con on
Saturday last and with an evident gain to
the numbers of tbe democratic party in this
place. Gen'l Hamilton District Elector
gave us one of his glowing and eloquent
harangues ; after which we had the brave
and impetuous Wilson who in his usual
chaste language and clear style delivered
himself of an able defence of the democra-
tic platform. At night we had young Byrd
who spoke with much enthusiasm in the
cause of democracy; also Palmer of Houston
who made a brief and spirited address and
Col. Sublett of our town who entertained
the crowd with a reply to Mr. Peck the
K. N. Mayor of Austin.
On the side of the Know Nothings Tay-
lor of Fannin and Peck of Austin appeared
and bore their part well but with the sepul-
chral gloom over Sam's face these redoubta-
ble champions seemed more like spirits fron-
the tombs of the departed than living evi-
dences of Sam'B" Fillmore party in Texas.
An
James
The Third Judicial District.
This is composed of the following coun
ues:
Bastrop Caldwell
Guadaloupe Hays
Williamson Burnett
. Travis.
Democrats I "recollect your nominees for
Hbtrict Attorney G. W. Jo.i.ar and do
not fail to look at your tickets and see that
his name is upon them.
Trinity Valley Railroad Company.
The Senate sustained the Governor'3 veto
of the Trinity Valley Bailroad Company
by the following vote the question being
shall the bill be passed the Governor's veto
notwithstanding ?
Yeas Messrs. Allen Flanagan Guiuu
Hill Lott McCulloch McDade Millican
Palmer Pedigo Pirkey Scott Taylor of
Fannin Taylor of Houston Truit and
White 10.
2fays Messrs. Armstong Bryan Cald-
well Grimes Hord Maverick Kussell
Scarborough Superveile Taylor of Cass
Weatherford and Whitaker 12.
There not being a two-thirds vote in favor
of the bill it was rejected.
Have yon yonr Tickets Heady 1
We ask this question of all our democra-
ts friends. Your candidates have been
selected by you and you have pledged your-
selves to support them. Sec that you are
supplied with tickets.
We address ourselves to the domocracy
of every county in the state.
When the last hour comes how many
votes are there lost for the want of due pre-
paration in circulating your tickets.
Becollect the enemy is on the alert and
is making every effort to elect his caudi-
dates. Do not be behind in the race.
Bally democrats and prepare your tickets
and let every precinct be well supplied I
Vetoes. The following bills have been
vetoed and sent to the Legislature since
its commencement on July 7th "Trinity
Valley Bailroad ;" Act relinquishing to
the counties the State Tax for the years
ISoG-'oTj" "Jefferson and Dangerfield
B. E. Company;" and "Texan Western
Kail Boad Company." The veto of the
bill for -'Belief of Jesse Dean" was with-
drawn after receiving information in regard
to the claim upon which it was founded.
Eloquent Picture of
Buchanan.
Hox. A. V. Brown lately delivered a
speech in Nashville in favor of the demo-
cratic nominee for the Presidency. Few
men in that state surpass Brown in fervid
eloquence and on this occasion he was
brilliant. Below we give an extract from
this speech :
" The darkest hour of her peril hu now
come. She is sorely and hardly pressed
from without and from within from abroad
and frontier Northern brethren at home.
Nearly half of her own people have deserted
her andare busying themselves with ap-
prehensions of some future and imaginarv
dangers from foreigners and Catholics at
some distant day They will give no heed
to that dark cloud of fanaticism which
though long seen in tne Northern horizon
is now moving upon us with a terrible ve-
locity. The lightning that flashes across its
dark bosom gives unerring signal of its
approach but no peal of its thunder can
rouse the Know-Nothingism of the South
to a sense of its danger. But thank God
Democracy is ever vigilant and ever ready.
With such sound conservative and national
principles as she haa proclaimed in herplat-
foeni. and such noble standard-bearers as
JaM3s Buchanan and John C Breck-
enridoe. she will know no fear yield to
no obstacles and quail before no adversary.
I come not to-night to pronounce eulogies.
They are written in the shouts and plaudits
of an admiring country as the electric spark
flashed the news of their nomination over
this vat continent. As to James Buch-
anan the history of his life and puplic
service for more than thirty years is the
history of his country. During that long
period Democracy has cherished him as one
of her soundest and ablest statesmen.
Jackson knew and honored him : James K.
Polk knew and leaned upou him as the main
pillar of his administration : Pennsylvania
his own beloved Pennsylvania knew loved
and honored him with nearly every office
which she had to h?stow. But above all
the Democracy of the Union knew him ;
she knew him as the last -ave one. (Gen.
CassN- of that race of intellectual jriants
which ten years aro made the Senate of
the United !-"tate the ablest body of public
men in the world. She knew him as the
compeer of Clay Webter Calhoun and
Sila Wright. She had seen him in intel-
lectual conflict with thee and had never
seen him retire with diminished honors from
the field. All this and more she has seen
and known of him and therefore selected
him to fill as far an she may have the pow-
er the most exalted .station in the world.
And yet my countrymen Democracy has
no right to expect that even a man so pure
in his private and personal cliaracter so ex-
emplary iu every relation of life and so
eminent in hi public services can escape
the assaults of calumny and detraction.
These have already commenced and thus
tar the arrowa ot detraction have fallen
harmless at his feet. That one which
charges him with having said that if he
thought he bad one drop of Democratic
blood iu his veins he would let it out I
have myself I trust nailed fast to the coun-
ter. I have published his own personal
denial of ever having uttered such a senti-
ment. He gives the lie direct to the charge
and no man who ever associated with Jas.
Buchanan will hesitate to believe that de-
nial. I have published too the statement
of thirty gentlemen of both the political
parties of that day who lived in the town
where the speech was alleged to have been
Tnade who do not hesitate to say that they
never heard him make such a speech nor
that he never inado such an one until many-
years afterwards and that they do not be-
lieve that he ever did utter audi a sentiment.
By reference to our advertising
columns it will be seen that our young
friends Campbell & Smith have associated
together for the practice of their profession.
We earnestly commend them to the public
a3 gentlemen of legal attainments of the
strictest-integrity and of unremitting atten-
tion to business.
its? We note a letter in the Galveston
ewat from Dr. Ashbel Smith in which he
advocates a continuance of the annual ap
propriation of tho School fund and in ad
dition that parents pay a portion of the ex-
pense of teaching. He ia also in favor of
a board of Education and a Secretary who
should travel over the State collect statis
tics and converse with the people on their I
duties in instructing the children.
Itatltication "flcetinfr at Georgetown.
We are requested to say that a Katifica-
tion Meeting will be held at Georgetown
Williamson county on Friday next the
25th inst.
There will be a barbecue on the occasion
and every body is invited to attend.
The candidates for Electors are especially
expected to be present.
The Late Gen. Memucan Hunt. We
have heard of the decease of this old citizen
of Texas and revolutionary soldier with
feeling3 naturally of sorrow. He was al-
ways recognized by his comrades in arms as
a brave and gallant man and one who3e
social feelings were of the kindest character.
He had a warm heart and was always ready-
to serve a friend and to lend a helping
hand when his services were needed.
" Again it has been said that about the
period of the war of 1812 he was a Fed-
eralist that his family was a Foderal one
and that hp was generally considered as at-
tached to that party in politics. I kuow
not how all this may be but thi3 I do know
from tho public history of the country that
if a Federalist he was just such an one as
was willing and did actually raise a volun-
teer company and march against the enemies
of our country. What is that Federalism
that has long been so odious to the people
of this country ? It was that sort of Fed-
eralism that would refuse supplies to our
naked and starving soldiers that would
hang out blue lights from some tall cliff of
the ocean as signals to tho enemy how to
burn our vessels and to murder our people.
James Buchanan never had " one drop "
of such Federalism a3 this in his veins.
No ! he was ready and willing to shoutder
his mnsket and at the first tap of the drum
to march to the defense of Baltimore.
What said Gen. Jackson in a similar case
soon after the close of the war. Col. Dray-
ton (I think it was for I speak only from
memory) had been recommended to Mr.
Monroe a3 Secretary of War The objection
was raided that he was a Federalist. Gen.
Jackson writing in his behalf said that the
charge of Federalism in his opinion ought
to weigh but little against a man who had
shown his devotion to his country by light-
ing her battles. A similar case occurred
about the ame period with Gen. Wall of
New Jersey. He too was ol a reueral
familv and resided in a federal city When
the enemy invaded New Jersey he raised
a volunteer company and marched down to
defend the Foil of his native State. For
this noble act of patriotism he was de-
nounced by the Federal party and was thus
drawn into the Democratic party where he
remained through a long life serving the
State of New Jersey tor many years with
honor and distinction in the Senate of th-
United States. And what hall an Aboe
litionist or Black Kcpublican be heard to
say in disparagement of a man because he
wa at an early period of his lifr denomi-
nated a Federalist. When was a Feder-
alist the traitorous blue light sort
scarcely excepted ever more dangerous to
his country than the Abolitionists ? When
with intense anxiety at every stage ot its
progress. Well do I remember the last
great critical moment of its iste. It was
a sublime moment when tho vote waa re
corded. It was recorded at sight bat when
an hundred lights illuminated the hall
The learning and beauty of the land wore
there crowded almost to suffocation and
yet so still and breathless in their attention
that the fall of a pin might have startled
you by its echo. In the stillness and gras-
dsur of that scene I saw James Buch-
anan slowly rie in the midst of the giant
Senators who surrounded him His eu.
commanding figure his serene aad Iofiy
aspect fixed every eye upon hiia and strais-
ed every car to listen to the words of v..
dom which might fall from hj lips
Mr. President this is the greatest pu.':
lie act in which I have ever had the honor
of taking aii humble part. I SHALL DO
IT CHEERFULLY GLADLY GLORI-
OUSLY ! I shall do it because I believ-
the vate will confer blessings innumerabL
on my fellow-men NOW HEFCEFOK
WARD AND FOREVER."
Glorious words and glorious deed I
They filled America with joy aad oushi
and will confer not only the Presidency.
but immortality on their author."
Mr. Brown in the above eloquently
vindicate) Mr. Buchanan from th charge
of federalism and asks if it were evermore
obnoxious than K. N.ism. It has many
strong resemblances and affinities. TLe
Hartford Convention was one of the assets
bites of tho federalists. Like Kuow No-
thingism it resolved to hold its anions in
secret ; liko it one of the objects of the
Hartford Convention was the exclusion from
office of foreigners hereafter arriving in the
United States: and the assertion of the
sentiment
"That the track tf papulation alrioiy in Aut
"Mates 75 amply sufficient to reinler thW nation in
" duo time gmficiently great aad powerful &c
When it is a known fact that with the
stock" at that time only we should n-w
bo but little ahead of the population of
some of the inferior powers of Europe
and under such circumstance? Texas would
still have been a howling wilderness and th.
Pacific ocean -till lave vast oKtuds on our
western chores. In 1S10 the popuktion ot
Sweden wa 2577.551 and in IS 19 her
population had inere&sed to but 2433S0j
Probably of all other countries in Europe
Sweden has more strictly increased from iu
rnttiu stock and such is thf insignificant
rate of a native increase in a nation being
not hundred thouHtnd added to the pop-
ulation of Sweden iu about fvrty years!
This Ls the state of things too which Kuow
Nothiugism is seeking to bring altout iu the
United State..
Had Hartford Convention Know Not.
ingi-ni succeeded and the doorof immigra
tion been closed forever we might have
shared a similar fate. For illustration iu
1S01 European Turkey had a population of
8500000; in 184.1 her population was
15500000. In 1S00 our population was
5i.05925 and unaided by immigration we
should have realised iu IS 10 a population
of but about 9000000. Instead of this
under our liberal naturalization iav? it was
1700945o !
Know Nothingism has a close connterpart
in the Hartford Conveutioniste and a very
similar detiuy awaits its members.
It was also part of the proceedings of
the Hartford Convention to advocate the
" restraining of Congress in the exercUfof
an unlimited pov- to make nsic slates and
admit thtm into th'. union" sad " that an
amendment h jrpoecd rcspe-.tivg iln:t
npresmtatlon and sfai-.r taxation." The
-amc determined enmity agaiaet southern
institutions exists in the northern Know
Nothing organizations and the democracy
alone headed by Buchanan ani Breckin-
ridge are in the uVld to fight it
The Fillmore Know Nothings of the south
stand in the attitude of refusing to aid th.
only party which can defeat Black Repub
licanism notwithstanding all their avowals
f opposition to that party But for the
democratic party in this contest Freemont
would desecrate the White House in 1857
and Black Republicanism reign triumphant
over the ruius of the south !
Several distinguished Know Nothing
are leaving that party and we welcome
them to the democracy to avert this 3ad
calamity. They have wisely laid down their
prescriptive doctrines towards races and
religions and wc take them by the hand in
in thi3 common fight with the enemies of
southern institutions !
The Colorado. Mr. Dennis thinks
w ; !.. nirl of the State under the
Biver Bill that the Colorado will be made anncxation that I had much to do in start-
:-ti o l.tl na Hnlnmbjia. for ten I . . ..: v.. ..
lurr UlaL k-'icui tutiiuu uj iuj wiicsuuu
was Federalism with the blue light excep-
tion aforesaid ever more obnoxious than
Know-Nothingism ? When did it ever
resort to mystery and oaths and signals as
mean- to carry out the principles of their
party erroneous a3 they were? Never
never. Federalism was an open public
party proclaiming its principles on the
house tops and su-taining them in the high
places of the earth by an appeal to the rea
son and judgment of mankind. Let the
friends of Mr. Buchanan then be at rest so
far as Black Republicanism or Know-Noth
ingism shall ever make the charge against
him. If he can only escape the imputation
of bearing their name his reputation Ls safe
with posterity.
"I implore again your pardon and for-
giveness but there is one more objection
taken to 3Ir. BechaNAN which pride duty
honor requires me to notice rather more
than anybody else. It relates to the an-
vnt;nn of Texas. He has been charged
with hesitation doubt and reluctance to the
rr.mnlishment of that great purpose. It
is now known as a part of the history of
nnvirmhla as hiah as Columbia for
monSisin the year. This will bean im-
portant improvement and ve oobt not
ft... -r.:.- .jnu mil be obtained
under this bill to other Rivers of the Jfc
(State.
denco with Gen. Jackson by the submit-
tingthat corrsepondence to President Tyler
as encouragement to him to enter upon it
It mav. therefore be fairlv nresnmed that
j i j i
1 1 followed up the mersure and watched it
.Speech of AV. IE. Scurry Democratic
Elector.
On Thursday evening last 3faj. Scarry
addressed the people of Austin. There
was present a large crowd who appeared to
be highly entertained by the speaker. Maj
Scurry made one of the best speeches of life
life lie entered fully upon all the issues
proscription of foreigners Catholics thf
Southern question and tho position held by
3Ir. Fillmore and Mr. Buchanan. In thf
latter view he howed conclusively that th-
platform upon which Mr. Fillmore stood
did not commit him to the upport ot
Southern right' and that his past career
evidently gave us nn security for his sym-
pathy with the South. On the other hand
Mr. Buchanan pledges himself toustain th.-
Cincinnati platform and if elected toahape
all his course by it as President of the
United State The- past career of Mr
Buchanan .jive- iw ample security that he
will sustain his pledge-. Maj. Scurry was
willing to allow to 3!r. Fillmore all that hu
friend-- declared "f bun for his integrity in
carrying out whatever policy he might
pledge t- the peopl- of the United States
but neither the Know Nothing platform or
hi pa.-t career placed him under any pledges
to the South. 3Iajor S. reviewed the
doctrine of Squatter SovereigntyandslTOWI
that Mr. Buchanan stood upon the Cincin
nati platform ; that the doctrine there main-
tained was the right of the people of a
territory when they come to form a State
constitution to say what should be their
domestic institutions ; and that there should
be no intervention on this subject upon the
part of Congress in any ahape or form.
Major S. was peculiarly happy ia his illua-
trations and concluded with a roost beauti-
ful and touching eulogy upou the past
character of the Democracy and a call tu
old line Whigs who have always boosted of
their love of country to do their deif by
sustaining the only aatioiI 2 E!? a
existence. " ""
?
I
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Oldham, W. S. & Marshall, John. State Gazette. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 48, Ed. 1, Saturday, July 19, 1856, newspaper, July 19, 1856; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth81253/m1/2/?q=Memucan%20Hunt: accessed May 1, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.