The Lampasas Daily Leader (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 21, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 30, 1932 Page: 3 of 4
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THE LAMPASAS LEADER
Compel Lazy Hog
to Take Exercise
Breeding Animal Should Be
Forced to Travel to
Feed Trough.
A hog’s inclination to be lazy and
cat should be encouraged if he is lo
be fattened and eaten; but if the
breeding herd is properly fed and
forced to take exercise during the win-
ter months they will be healthier and
have a better crop of pigs next spring,
according to John P. Willmun of the
New York State College of Agriculture.
The breeding herd at the college
lives out-of-doors all winter, he says.
Theto’ sleeping quarters are colony
houses with the openings faced to the
southeast. The houses are kept well
bedded and they are roomy, but they
are about 100 yards from the feed
troughs and from racks containing al-
falfa hay. The hogs are forced to “do
the century” to the feed troughs twice
a day and usually they make several
extra trips for more alfalfa.
While he recommends less exercise
for the fattening herd, Mr. Willmun
$ays they should have access to out-
of-doors, for sunshine is helpful in
preventing rickets. A good supple-
mental feed is one that furnishes ele-
ments which may be lacking in hom-
iny, corn, barley, or wheat. Such a
supplemental feed of 50 per cent tank-
age or fishmeal, 25 per cent linseed
meal, and 25 per cent of chopped or
ground alfalfa hay is satisfactory. At
present prices of tankage and fishmeal,
skim milk is worth about 25 or 30
cents a 100 pounds, he says. It is
doubtful if pigs that get a well-bal
anced diet need any mineral mixture
besides salt. A simple mixture of 40
per cent ground limestone, 40 per cent
steamed bone meal, and 20 per cent
salt will do no harm and possibly some
good.
Now Using Babcock Test
to Measure Pecan Oils
The oil content of pecans may be
determined more accurately and more
quickly than ever before by a new
method adapted by the United States
Department of Agriculture from the
well-known Babcock test for cream.
This is the information contained in
a report issued by federal officials.
Heretofore, the amount of oil, or fat,
in pecans has been ascertained by ex-
trading it from the meats with ether
—a time-consuming process, which
also extracts other material and some-
times causes a loss of oil, the report
states.
In the new method, as in the Bab-
cock test for butterfat, diluted sulphu-
ric acid is used to liberate pecan oil
in a pure state from the nut meats.
Only 30 minutes are required for the
sulphuric acid method; as compared
with two hours for the ether extract
method, federal officials explain.
Tuberculin Test Record
A new monthly record for the num-
ber of tuberculin tests applied to cattle
in the United States was established
in October. 1931, by federal, state, and
local veterinarians. The tests report-
ed for the month totaled 1,326,562,
whereas the previous high mark made
last March was 1,325,912 tests. Sev-
eral states made notably large contri-
butions to the new record. Minne-
sota was first with 233,464 cattle
tested. In New York the number was
153,593, in Illinois 127,907, and in Iowa
127.208.
“Most of these tests are being ap-
plied under the modified accredited
area plan,” explains Dr. A. E. Wight,
who is in charge of tuberculosis-eradi-
cation work for the United States De-
partment of Agriculture. A modified
accredited area is one in which the
degree of infection has been reduced
to not more than one-half of 1 per
cent of the cattle population. On De-
cember 1, 1,287 counties in the United
States were so recognized by the De-
partment of Agriculture. This num-
ber is 42 per cent of all counties in
the country.
Woodland Work
Working in the woods was the reg-
ular winter job in the East in earlier
dr'fys, and still is so where woods re-
main in appreciable area. Now the
idea is improvement of the scattering
woodland rather than slashing it down.
A sunshiny day in winter is an espe-
cially good time to look the woods
over. The tops can be seen clearly
then, and trees getting past their best
noted more carefully than in summer.
It is quite surprising how much in the
way of both timber and fuel can be
removed from twenty acres of our com-
mon woodland without robbing it of
anything that would he improved by
another year of standing room. And
it is not a bad form of “winter sport”
either, when one has a sharp ax. cross
cut saw and' congenial working part-
ner.
Paper Protects Plants
Magazine pages protect early cu-
cumber and tomato plants from frost
in Mrs. Alvin Lynch’s garden in Piatt
county, Illinois, says Capper’s Farmer.
Mrs. Lynch puts down one end of the
page near the plant, covers the end
When Bees Require
to Be Winter Fed
Matter Worthy of the Most
Careful Attention.
Two methods of winter-feeding bees
are suggested by It. G. Richmond, dep-
uty state entomologist at the Colorado
Agricultural college, for use in colonies
where the honey crop was short last
summer and starvation is showing up.
“Winter feeding should not be prac-
ticed unless absolutely necessary,”
Richmond says, “because it disturbs
the bees, causes loss among the work-
ers and generally results in unsuccess-
ful wintering. Consider before feed-
ing if the colony is worth it and if
the bees would live even if fed.”
Where the colony has a queen and
the cluster includes four frames, prop-
er feeding of capped honey in frames,
placed just beside the cluster of bees
to replace the empty frames, is the
only real satisfactory method, he says.
The honey should be partly liquid,
the more liquid the better, and must
be from healthy colonies. If the origin
of the honey is not known to be satis-
factory it should not be used under
any circumstances, be warns.
One or two standard full frames of
honey should be enough to carry a nor-
mal colony from four to six weeks,
depending on how early brood rearing
starts. If abundant honey in frames
is available, six frames may be added
and the colony will be insured against
further shortage if the honey flow
starts in May.
An emergency feed may be made as
a fondant candy of sugar, with propor-
tions of two pounds of sugar to one
pound of water, hot water being used
to dissolve the sugar. To each 20
pounds of sugar add one teaspoonful
of tartaric acid. Boil until the mix-
ture reaches 250 degrees F. Cool and
add. by kneading, powdered sugar until
a very stiff candy is made. Roll the
fondant to a flat slab and place on top
of the frames in the hive.
The candy should lie very stiff, mak-
ing it difficult to pinch off and the
powdered sugar must be free from
starch, as starch is indigestible for
bees.
Butter Supply Must Be
From TB-Free Sources
Cleveland, Ohio, has a city ordinance
requiring that butter sold in the city
must come from the milk of cows that
have passed the tuberculin test. The
ordinance became effective January 1.
1932.
Cleveland officials anticipate no se-
rious opposition to the enforcement of
the new ordinance. Tentative arrange-
ments have already been made for the
proper labeling of butter from tuber-
culin-tested sources so that it may be
readily identified. It is understood
that the term “tuberculin-tested
source” means an area in which the
dairy herds have been tested under
federal and state supervision ana
which is officially designated as a
“modified accredited area,” that is.
an area in which not more than one-
half of 1 per cent of the cattle are
tuberculous.
Limestone for Stock
, Powdered limestone as a substitute
for alfalfa hay produced satisfactory
results in fattening cattle at the Kan-
sas agricultural experiment station.
One-tenth of a pound of finely ground
limestone. Substituted for two pounds
of alfalfa hay. produced slightly larg-
er average daily gains in the Kansas
tests. The profits per head were also
in favor of the cattle fed ground lime-
stone.
The rations in which the alfalfa hay
and powdered limestone were compared
included corn, cottonseed meal and si-
lage. The tests indicate that silage
may be satisfactorily supplemented
with powdered ground limestone which
acts as a substitute for alfalfa hay.
Feeding Test Results
In Michigan feeding tests with beef
calves, barley, and corn proved them-
selves quite superior to oats. Three
lots of calves were used. Each lot re-
ceived linseed meal, corn silage, and
alfalfa hay. In addition lot one re-
ceived ground barley, lot two shelled
corn, and lot three ground oats. The
barley-fed group showed a feed cost
per 100 pounds of gain of $9. In the
eorn-fed group it cost $9.09 per 100
pounds of gain, while in the oat-fed
group the cost per 100 pounds of gain
was $9.65. No charge was made for
grinding the oats and barley. If this
had been done the corn-fed group
would have shown the greatest profit,
—Successful Farming.
Agricultural
Sweet clover plants found growing
in newly seeded alfalfa or red clover
may have been in the Soil for half a
century, states A. L. Stone, director of
the Wisconsin .department of agricul-
ture and markets seed laboratory.
# * *
Idaho has 451,00u beef cattle, or one
beef cattle to every person, or more
than three times the average for the
United States.
• * *
The 17 Atlantic states have 3,423,00(1
beef cattle, or 9% per cent of all the
beef cattle in the country.—Idaho
Farmer.
* * *
In the past twelve years 4,578.000
pounds of wool have been marketed by
co-operative associations in Pennsyl-
vania with substantial Increases in re-
turns.
EGGS FOR MARKET
AND FOR HATCHING
Point for Poultry Breeder to
Consider.
The poultry breeder must and can
count his chicks before they hatch, if
he manages his breeding flock proper-
ly, says G. F. Heuser of the New York
State College of Agriculture. In ad-
dition to large numbers of eggs, the
flock must lay eggs that are fertile
and that are capable of producing
chicks that are healthy and vigorous.
Feed makes the difference between
good and poor hatching eggs, he says.
Two pens of hens at Cornell laid,
on the average, 211 eggs to the hen in
a year, a satisfactory number; but one
pen’s eggs hatched 27.5 per cent, and
the other hatched 71.4 of the fertile
eggs that were set in February. The
two pens received two different ra-
tions. both satisfactory for egg-laying
but not equally satisfactory for hatch-
ing purposes.
Weight may be used as an indica-
tion of health. Hens gaining or
maintaining their weight show the
the b£st hatches, while those losing
weight suffer most. Hens with yellow
color in the shanks have eggs that
hatch better than those with faded
shanks, because the presence of the
color indicates a better surplus of fat
and vitamins. Intensive laying and
long-laying periods previous to the
hatching season may result in lowered
hatchability, since it is difficult to
maintain high production and the
weight of the birds at the same time.
A lack of vitamins, especially, has
shown unfavorable results. Experi-
ments conducted at Cornell show cod-
liver oil improved hatchability 10 to
25 per cent, depending on the severity
of the conditions under which the hens
were kept. The inclusion of green
food increased the hatchability 5 to 10
per cent, and the feeding of milk 5 to
15 per cent.
Barley Not Sufficient
for Fattening Turkeys
Here is the advice given by Pro-
fessor Halpin, Wisconsin College of
Agriculture to an Inquirer who asks
about the plan of fattening turkeys
on barley:
“In reply to your letter, would say
that if I were you, I would not de-
pend upon barley alone for fattening
turkeys, but would use a combination
of barley and corn or barley wheat
and corn. In addition to this I should
want to feed some milk. Barley alone
is incomplete. Barley and green grass
and milk would bring your turkeys
along fairly well. A combination,
though, of barley with corn or barley
with corn and wheat and the milk
would give you, on an average, more
satisfactory gains. Barley is good
poultry grain, but like all the other
grains must be supplemented with
these other things to get good results.
“I note you have to buy corn. I
would urge you to buy good, dry,, old
corn. I wouldn’t feed turkeys new
corn as there are many reports of
trouble from the heavy feeding of
new corn to turkeys.”—Wisconsin Ag-
riculturist.
Grain Feeding
The feeding of grain in limited
quantities in deep litter provides ex-
ercise for the hens in that they are
compelled to scratch and work to find
the grain. This working increases
their appetites and makes them eat
more mash feed, which is necessary
for higher egg production. A hen
that does not eat enough soon drops
off in her laying. If too tittle grain
is fed, and the litter is too deep, the
birds soon become discouraged and do
not work. If the litter is too dirty
and packed down, the grain remains
on top and fails to induce exercise, as
the grain is too easily found. If too
much grain is given during the fore-
noon, the birds do not eat enough
mash. Give the morning supply In
rwo feedings. This distributes the ex-
ercise better during the morning.
Birds should go to roost with a full
crop of grain. — American Fruit
Grower.
Lime for Shells
Hens must have lime in readily di-
gestible form. Among the best sources
of this element are oyster shell and
high quality ground limestone. Lime-
stones known to be high in magnesium,
usually referred to as domestic lime-
stones. should not be used as the sole
source of eggshell-forming material.
Experiments have definitely shown
that a high quality of ground lime-
stone is equally as valuable in the for-
mation of eggshells as oyster shell.—
Southern Agriculturist.
Green Feeds for Hens
Ground yellow carrots can he sub-
stituted for green feed for chickens in
winter rations if fresh green feed can-
not be provided. Chopped alfalfa hay
or alfalfa meal is another substitute
feed that gives satisfactory results. If
possible every laying flock.should have
some sprouted grain each da.v. In a
test run in a western state hens with
green feed each day produced 68 cents
more income per hen during the year
over those that did not receive this
k>"d of feed.—Prairie Farmer.
High Honors Accorded
Champions of Olympiad
The Olympic games, forerunners of
the modern international contests bear-
ing that name, date back to the year
776 B. C. in Greece. They were orig-
inally held on the level plain of Olym-
pia and were limited to Greek con-
testants. Once in five years the Olym-
piad was held, and during the period
of the games and the pre-game train-
ing period of ten months war was for-
bidden among the Greek states.
The contests were held over a period
of five days, and the various tests of
skill included running, jumping, wres-
tling, throwing the spear, throwing the
discus, boxing and chariot racing.
When the champions were designated
they appeared in a grand review on
the fifth day. at which time their names
and feats of skill were announced to
the crowds and they were awarded
palm branches and crown's of olive
twigs.
After the Romans conquered the
Greeks, they, too, were permitted to
take part in the contests, which were
of the nature of a national festival, as
the contest winners were exempted
from taxes and were maintained dur-
ing tlie period following the games at
the expense of the state. The erec-
tion of statues to the winners was also
common.
The games were finally abolished in
394 by Emperor Theodosius.
Chemist Eulogizes Sea
in Transport of Words
“O Sea! .Thou saline and undulant
aqueous solution of halides, carbonates,
phosphates, sulphates, and other solu-
ble inorganic compounds! What mys-
terious colloids are dispersed within
thy slightly alkaline bosom? What
silent and unseen reactions vibrate in
dynamic equilibrium, constantly de-
stroyed and instantly restored, among
thy unnumbered oscillating mole-
cules? What uncounted myriads of
restless ions migrate perpetually
throughout thy tentatively estimated
volume? What dnguessed phenomena
of catalysis, metathesis, and osmosis
transpire in thy secret fluid profundi-
ties under excessively increased pres-
sure? What cosmic precipitates de-
scend iri countless kilograms upon thy
argillaceous, gelatinous, siliceous, dia-
tomaceous. and totally unillumined
bottom? In short, most magnificent
reservoir, what is thy flow-chart and
complete analysis?” — Norman L.
Knight, in “Industrial and Engineer,
ing Chemistry.”
Rights of Patentee
There is a popular but erroneous no-
tion that it is not an infringement of a
patent for an unauthorized individual
to make a duplicate of a patented ar-
ticle for his own use, particularly if it
is a tool, implement or de.vice employed
in gaining a livelihood. In a letter to
us the United States patent office says:
“The grant of a patent by this office
gives to the patentee, his heirs or as-
signs the right to exclude others front
making, using and selling the invention
covered by the claims of the patent
throughout the United States and its
territories for a 17-year period. An
individual would have no right to make
for his own use an article covered by
Hie claims of an unexpired patent
without the consent of the owner of
the patent.”—Pathfinder Magazine.
Arabic Organization
The organization of the nomadic
Arabs is represented by the tribe un-
der the control of a sheikh, an office
normally hereditary, but sometimes
elective. Within the tribe are a num-
ber of sections with patrilineal de-
scent. themselves often formed by
smaller groups. Each section has its
own sheikh, subordinate to the tribal
sheikh, and much importance is at-
tached to the preservation of tribal
and sectional genealogies. The size
of a tribe or section may fluctuate
from time to time with the popular-
ity and strength -of its leader; a
strong and just man will attract to his
unit families or groups of families
from other tribes, and these in time
may give rise to sections or lose their
identity in that, of their adopted unit
Intelligence of Termites
Termites, a species of white ant,
are among the world’s most destruc-
tive insects. Social in disposition,
they live in colonies, eating wood and
behaving in a way that excites end-
less surprises. Some of their prac-
tices are too unpleasant to he de-
scribed. On the other hand, they are
industrious, and highly intelligent, ob-
serving complex social rules. At the
head of each community are a royal
pair. The queen ranks as one of the
most remarkable insects in the world.
Site is carefully guarded by the work-
ers and protected by the soldiers.0 The
government is democratic, not. mon-
archal. The queen’s actions are reg-
ulated by the workers. The whole
community is under their control.
Underground Dweller*
Tunisia has perhaps the strangest
cave dwellers in the world. They are
found south of Gabes, on the fringe
of the desert. In their efforts to es-
cape the heat they have dug dwellings
in the sand. The traveler crossing the
plain of Matrr.at comes across what
appear to be wells. Looking down, he
discovers in^lhe half light a small
courtyard, and tunneled from the bot-
tom of the well-like cavity are com-
plete dwellings. Access is through a
slowly descending tunnel. Down be-
low the surface lives the whole fam-
ily, and there are stables for their
animals.
DAIRY
POINTS OF VALUE
TO DAIRY FARMER
Owners Advised to Increase
Their Herds.
“While we realize the value of milk
as a food and know that there should
be at least one cow for every five per-
sons in the state, we should not over-
look the opportunities provided in in-
creasing the number of cows in ail
sections of the state,” suggests John
A. Arey, dairy extension specialist at
the North Carolina State college. “In
nearly every part of the state there is
the opportunity to increase the num-
ber of cows so that the cream and
milk may be sold. Farm dairying of-
fers first a sure monthly cash income;
second, profitable employment for
farm labor throughout the year; third,
a good market for home-grown feeds;
fourth, a system of farming that will
check erosion and build up the fer-
tility of the land, and. fifth, cash re-
turns from pasture land that would
otherwise be idle.”
These five points were also recom-
mended by committees of farmers at
the regional agricultural meetings
which have been held, in the stare,
says Mr. Arey. For a person to en-
gage in the selling of cream or milk,
he should have a unit of not less than
five cows, for the expense of collect-
ing either milk or cream from smaller
herds is rather heavy.
To further develop the dairy indus-
try. Mr. Arey says the committee rec-
ommend feeding liberally of a bal-
anced ration made up almost entirely
of home-grown feeds. Plenty of graz-
ing in the form of permanent pasture
and cover crops to last throughout the
year where possible, was suggested.
A good cow will need from 1.800 to
2.000 pounds of grain for one year.
Then, finally, good purebred dairy
Sires should be used to gradually
build up the herd to a higher point of
production and profit.
Wheat Inferior to Corn
in Dairy Cows Ration?
Ground wheat does not a(jiear to
be as good as ground corn for feed-
ing dairy cows. Experiments seem to
indicate that wheat cannot replace
corn pound for pound with equally
good results from the standpoint of
milk production. My own suggestion
is that the wheat should not exceed
50 per cent of the grain ration and,
better still, should not amount to
more than 25 per cent. A grain mix-
ture of half wheat and half corn
would likely give you as good nr
better results than either wheat or
corn alone. A grain mixture includ-
ing bran is preferable. Two parts
corn, 1 part wheat and 1 part bran
would be a good mixture. Even such
a mixture is likely to be low in pro-
tein and an even better formula
would he to have 2 parts corn, 2
parts wheat, 1 part bran and 1 part
cottonseed meal.—H. P. Davis, in the
Nebraska Farmer.
Treatment for Garget
The way to handle garget is. first, t«
remove the diseased cow from the herd
in order to prevent the spread of the
disease to other animals. Milk dis-
eased cows oniy after the other cows
have been milked and milk the dis-
eased quarter last. Do not milk on
the floor. Milk in a utensil and throw
it outside the barn at a spot where the
cows cannot have access to it. Mas-
saging the injured quarters helps.
Uamphbrated oil or hot water can ha
used, although the rubbing is what
does the most good. Milking affected
quarters as often as possible, even as
often as every three hours seems to
help.
General treatment consists of reduc-
ing tlie feed perhaps to the extent of
cutting out all grain for a day or two,
and giving the animal a laxative, pre-
ferably from half to three-quarters of
a pound of epsora salts.—American Ag*
riculturist.
Beet Palp for Dairy Cows
Most dairymen think it is necessary
nr at least desirable to soak beet pulp
before feeding it to cows. Investiga-
tors at the United States dairy experi-
ment station at Beltsville, Md„ found
that dry beet pulp gave as good results
as the soaked beet pulp. In the exper-
iment tlie cows were watered twice a
day. Tlie beet pulp when fed either
wet or dry was mixed with the grain
ration. The ration containing the dry
beet pulp was fully as palatable as
that containing the wet pulp. The
cows when fed" the dry pulp ate as
much hay and gave as much milk as
when fed the wet pulp. The gains in
weight were a tittle greater when the
cows received the wet pulp than when
they were fed dry pulp.
Care Helps Also
In the winter season I find the cows
do best when good care is added to a
well mixed ration. I make certain
that every cow in the herd has the
ration on which she will give the most
milk; but also see to it that they
have plenty of water at the time they
want it and are in every way com-
fortable. Worry over poor nutrition
and cold stables and scant bedding
requires energy that does not go into
profits.—Arthur Frazier, in the Mich-
igan Farmer.
Serpent Big Figure in
Mythology and History
Considering that the serpent, alono
among the lower creature*, can travel
with speed upon land or upon water,
can climb trees, swallow other crea-
tures of much greater girth than itself,
go without food for incredibly long
periods, has eyes protected by a very
strong horny substance, so that it can
squeeze itself into stony crevices
without damaging its eyesight, pos-
sesses the ability to fascinate birds
and small animals so that they are
helpless to make their escape, can in-
flict death by a bite, etc., it is not to
be wondered at that it figures largely
in ancient mythology and history, as
also in Biblical lore.
Egypt, India, Africa found place for
it among their gods.- . At one period
in their history the Israelites also paid
it divine honors (II Kings 18:4). In
tropical countries where it is found in
greatest number and widest variety, it
is the dread and curse of the country-
side, and fear is often an elementary
ingredient of natural religion.
Mesopotamia, the original home of
the human race, is especially infested
with serpents, sometimes in numbers
almost incredible, the mouth of the
Euphrates in some flood seasons being
a great moving mass of the horrifying
creatures.
Old English City Gives
December Odd Welcome
December, writes a Manchester
(England) Guardian columnist, is not
the kind of month, one would imagine,
whose entry would normally be sin-
gled out for a civic welcome but in
Colchester from the earliest times it
has been the custom for the town crier
to perambulate the streets at midnight
on November 30 to give an official
welcome to December, in the cry—
Past twelve and a fine (or wet) morn-
ing.
Cold December hath come in.
And poor men’s backs are clothed thin:
The trees are bare, the birds are mute;
A pot and a toast would very well suit.
When Colchester, in step with the
march of progress, some time ago
abolished the office of town crier fears
were entertained that this time-worn
custom would iapse. But, though
robbed of the honor of official recogni-
tion, the ancient ceremony still is faith-
fully performed by tlie former town
crier, now acting, as it were, in a
freelance capacity. The origin of the
custom has been long forgotten, but
it is known to be of great antiquity
and is said to be without parallel in
this country.
Died of Newspaper Diet
That tlie fallow deer in captivity
have some quaint tastes in the matter
of food is shown by the fact that one
of these animals in the London Zoolog-
ical garden died from eating waste
paper, the post mortem revealing that
the stupid creature had consumed 16
pounds of newspapers and paper
bags.
Snakes occasionally indulge in can-
nibalism, but appear none the worse
for it. A hamadryad accidentally
placed in quarters occupied by a num-
ber of cobras, promntly ate several of
the latter and lived to ponder on the
deed. Incidentally, the society also
pondered somewhat deeply on this
deed, for the cannibal’s meal cost sev-
eral hundred dollars.
Another queer meal was attempted
by a python who did his best to swal-
low a blanket hut discovered that the
unwonted task was beyond him when
he had engulfed half of the material.
More Hairy Than Apes
Scientists state that human beings,
generally, have more hairs on their
heads^ than some of the apes. The
average number of scalp hairs a
square centimeter was 312 for man
and 307 for thirteen specimens of
the large anthropoid apes. Gorillas
are less hairy-cliested than many men.
Two adults had only six and three
hairs, respectively, a square centi-
meter, whereas a man—not a very
hairy-chested one at that—had nine.
Scalp hair varies in density among
the human races, it appears. Six
adult negroes averaged 297 hairs a
square centimeter and three adult
white men had a few more, with an
average count of 333.
Delicate Vocal Chords
A prominent throat specialist states
that there are numerous cases of
babies who make sounds like those
of a dog barking and the character-
istic sharp whine of rhe seal. But
usually, he adds, such phenomena are
due to a form of hysteria and are not
permanent. Any growth, no matter
how slight, on the laryngeal area, or
any splitting or paralysis of the vocal
cords, immediately alters tlie tone and
pitcli of a person’s voice. Singers
have to exercise the most scrupulous
care of the throat, because even a
minor Injury to tlie vocal cords seri-
ously impairs the quality of the voice,
—Detroit News.
National Revenue
The proportion of public revenue
raised by taxation aud borrowing va-
ries with the times. In peace time
the United States has raised 100 per
cent of her revenue by taxes, believ-
ing in tlie theory of paying as you go.
During the World war about 75 per
cent was raised by loans and 25 per
cent by taxation. At one period in
the national history—from about 1830
to 1S70—considerable revenue was
realized from tlie sale of public
lands. The amount so realized now is
a -small decimal.
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The Lampasas Daily Leader (Lampasas, Tex.), Vol. 29, No. 21, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 30, 1932, newspaper, March 30, 1932; Lampasas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth895245/m1/3/?rotate=90: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Lampasas Public Library.