Van Zandt News (Wills Point, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 17, Ed. 1 Sunday, September 30, 1984 Page: 14 of 19
This newspaper is part of the collection entitled: Van Zandt County Area Newspaper Collection and was provided to The Portal to Texas History by the Van Zandt County Library.
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Voting
(Cont'd. from Paae 1
(Cont'd. from Pag* 1A)
right*, and eventually, the sectional
rivalries of the country erupted into
armed conflict. Slavery did not start
the Civil War, but it was a rallying
cry for Northern and Southern ex
tremists alike.
In the aftermath of the Civil War,
the Southern states were
economically ruined. Uneducated
blacks were thrust into freedom
without safeguards or benefit*. The
14th Amendment conferred civil
rights, but not the vote, to the
blacks.
The 15th Amendment, passed by
a radical Republican Congress in-
tent on expanding its voting base,
gave the ex-slaves the right to vote.
Denied learning by state law. the ex-
slaves were poorly prepared to exer-
cise their new rights.
President Abraham Lincoln had
advocated a gradual suffrage, as
had Andrew Johnson, but Lincoln
was dead, and the radical
Republicans steamrolled their
program over Johnson’s ineffectual
vetoes.
Embittered Southern whites,
many of them disenfranchised by
the same laws that gave blacks the
right to vote, struck back through
terrorist organizations such as the
Ku Klux Klan, and through
economic sanctions, such as denied
jobs.
Without the black vote, the South
turned against the Republican par-
ty, and for almost 100 years was
solidly Democratic. Starting about
1890, the Southern states openly
flouted the 14th and 15th Amen
dments. using intimidation, fraud
and trickery.
Literacy tests, poll taxes and other
schemes effectively denied the black
man a vote, and within a generation
after Reconstruction, the black
voter had virtually disappeared in
the South.
With the black man given the vote
(although denied in1 practice),
women began to raise the question
of women's rights again. In the
Western states, womens' suffrage
gained greatly, partially due to the
scarcity of women.
The Wyoming Territory was the
first to grant unrestricted suffrage in
1869, four years after the end of the
Civil War. Following that example,
most states passed laws granting
women to own or control their
property after marriage.
As the population spread west-
ward and the United States began to
grow in importance on the world
scene, reform movements in other
areas (working conditions, gover-
nment, big business) began to grow
and expand.
At the turn of the century and in-
to the first two decades, world af-
fairs began to capture most of
WALLPAPER
HANGING
SEMINAR
With Lee Woods from
Seabrook Wallcoverings.
Saturday, Sept. 22
1:00 - 3:00
FREE
But must have reservations.
Refreshments Served
Door Prizes
Citizens Lumber Co.
896-4326 1-800-492-9096
Edgowood, Texas
pT
SALE
$100 off
Through Oct. 20
S^V\/E WITH . y
Blaze King
Solid Fuel _ i^-'f
„ (5) wr
Appliances w
Save Energy —, Lower your home heating
bills by burning abundant, renewable,
affordable wood.
Save Wood — Because Blaze King® stoves
are engineered for higher efficiency and
longer burns
Save Money — With lower fuel bills of any
kind, and with affordably-priced stoves
and fireplace inserts.
Save Time — Because no matter what your
heating requirements, there is a Blaze
King® model that's right for you, all
available now in one convenient loca-
tion:
Free Ash Shovel with each stove
purchased during this sale.
TOWN & COUNTRY
ELECTRICAL SERVICE
200 N. Main — Grand Sallna, Tx. — 962-4976
MMMSt t «.$.hlf.A- «$ 11 w
* \
)tin Urisfd
’ ME? 1 M NOT WATCHING
ANVTHING! T THOUGHT
you were lookimg AT
something- I*
Underlying 20 percent of the world's
land, permafrost in some places extends
only a short distance beneath the sur-
face. But on Alaska's North Slope, it
reaches depths of 2jl>00 feet.
2^00
Tierra del Fuego. meaning "Land of
Fire." owes its name to Ferdinand
Magellan. When the navigator
discovered the archipelago at South
America's southern tip in 1520, he nam-
fd it after Indian signal fires that dotted
in coasts.
Off Beat
VAN XANDT Ml,
M. 1994 -
America's attention. The Wild West
was tamed, or nearly so, and it was
time to turn the nation's “Manifest
Destiny” across the seas.
World War I brought home the
inequalities again, as the black
soldiers found that they could fight
for their country but could not vote
or get a job at home.
During the war and the KKK
revival of the 1920s, race riots and
lynching* continued at an appalling
pace. About two-thirds of the more
than 500,000 black draftees were
placed in non-combat positions.
Womens’ suffrage, however, was
stimulated by the war as a means to
national unity. In 1920, the 19th
Amendment was written into law.
extending women the right to vote.
The KKK revival of the 1920s
spread extremely rapidly through
the South and Middle West, but
collapsed just as quickly when a
Congressional investigation revealed
that the organization was not a
crusade but a money-making racket,
based on the $10 initiation fee.
It took the upheaval of World
War II, however, to bring the black
man recognition, as the "color line"
was gradually eroded. War-spawned
prosperity enabled blacks to gain a
foothold on the new American in-
dustrial machine.
The IL S. Army integrated for the
first time on a large scale during the
Korean Conflict, under President
Harry Truman’s orders, which
boosted integration efforts back
home.
It took the Supreme Court to for-
ce integration efforts in the South.
In Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957,
federal troops insured the
enrollment of black students in a
white high school for the first time.
Led by men like Dr. Martin Luther
King Jr., blacks organized on a
massive scale to force reforms in
housing and employment.
Two new laws were passed in 1957
and 1960 to strengthen the voting
rights of blacks. In 1960, John F.
Kennedy became President, and
backed by his brother, Robert, as
Attorney General, cautiously took
on the stubborn Southern leader-
ship.
The Supreme Court, led by Chief
Justice Earl Warren, continued to
hand down decisions recognizing the
rights of individuals, but it was the
murder of Kennedy November 22,
1965, that spurred reforms.
New President Lyndon B. John-
son, a Southerner himself and a
master politician, rammed Ken-
nedy's civil rights reform package
through Congress. The Voting Acts
Right of 1965, backed by federal
troops, was aimed squarely at the
"Jim Crow” laws and voting prac-
tices of the deep South.
In the late 1960s, blacks began
more militant organizing efforts, as
several prominent black spokesmen
advocated violent action to obtain
the rights they were guaranteed by
law. Riots punctuated the late
1960s, and after the murder of Dr.
King in 1968, spread across the
country.
In the 1970s. however, with the
vote, blacks began to change the
makeup of government, and began
working through the system. As
public opinion gradually changed,
particularly in the "baby boom"
generation, black voting became less
of an issue, as more importance was
placed on economic and educational
reforms.
The ballot continues to be the way
to change government, the way to
establish priorities, and the way to
voice one’s desires. Yet, over 50 per-
cent of registered voters choose not
to vote, denying themselves a right
that their ancestors fought to ob-
tain.
TeeVeeLaffs
KT1ZR CALL FOR A
rmm x BACK-UP PATROL
car, fr*k i
*****•
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X THINK THERE MIGHT
BE SOME TROUBLE. I
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nlv
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J. •' [J^L.
•
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SHgg
*-£ « mil, mu. h.
-
IT'S GREAT TO BE BACK
IN THE COUNTRY! LOOK
AT THAT BEAUTIFUL
I GUE<
BEEN )
\L0NG
Suburbia
©
"Besides looking worn out, no col-
or In your face and ready to pass out
. . . how was your day?"
Sjj* Fun &
Fitness
There is a frequent need to evaluate
and make recommendations on one's
body weight as a person matures
Recommending a suitable weight or
setting minimum or maximum goals for
weight loss is always a controversy
among professionals.
Many physicians and insurance
companies use age-height-weig.it tables
for reference standards, but these tables
have many inadequacies
A person who tends to be characteriz-
ed by small bones, fragility, and delicacy
of body is evaluated with reference to
the same weight norm as a person of
equal height who tends to be charac-
terized by roundness and softness of
body when using these tables
Perhaps the most serious critism of
some age-height-weight tables is that as
one ages, the tables permit increasing
amounts of fat without a corresponding
increase in body structure.
At close to age 25, humans approach
physical maturation. Thereafter, if a
person is not excessively overweight or
underweight, it is desirable that that
weight be maintained. Any gradual
weight gain with advancing years is
primarily due to a change to a seden-
tary existence and/or eating habits.
Another inadequacy in the age-height-
weight tables is that they make no
distinction between the percentage of
the body tissue which constitutes fat and
that which constitutes lean weight
(muscle, bone, and nerve fiber
coverings).
A person may appear "heavy" when
evaluated according to the weight
charts, but the excess weight may be
due to muscle mass rather than to fat.
Physical training, i.e., jogging,
calisthentics, bicycling, weight training,
tends to increase muscle mass and to
reduce fat. Being able to measure body
composition and to distinguish between
lean body tissue and fat is advantageous
in such situations
Age-height-weight tables do not
account for such situations and,
therefore, distinctions between lean
tissue and fat cannot be made.
Methods which can account for these
distinctions include the underwater
weighing techique and skinfold
measures
If you have questions about health and
fitness, address them to the United States
Sports Academy, c/o this newspaper
© 1984 Suburban Pastures
La Scala — short for Teatro alia
Scala," the great opera house of Milan.
Italy — is so called because it was
erected in 1778 at the site of the church
of Santa Maria all Scala (St Mary's by
the Stairs).
The "big dish" antennas of NASA’s
Deep Space Network are so sensitive
they can pick up a spacecraft's radio
signal as weak as one-quintillionth
of a watt of power. If this energy
were collected for 19 million years,
It would light up a 7.5 watt
Christmas-tree bulb for only one-
thousandth of a second.
C1M4 Suburban Fsaturss
Side Glances
V
“Grandfather, you're *o lucky you died before you found out you were
making junk food.”
Crossword
ACROSS
1 New York ball
club
5 Dole
9 Brimless hat
12 Epochs
13 Indian
14 Year (Sp)
15 Tropical fruit
16 Sea animals
18 Noun suffix
19 Maximum
20 Mountain
pass in India
21 California city
23 At that place
24 District
25 Makes mad
28 Strife
29 Not so much
30 Areas
32 School
composition
34 Nominal
38 Bent to one
side
41 German river
42 Russian river
43 Songstress
Della
45 Given by vow
47 Former
Spanish
colony
48 Beggarly
50 Scottish cap
51 Lowest
fidelity
53 Force onward
54 Compass
ppmt
55 Love to
excess
56 Adolescent
57 Oklahoma
river
58 Held in
wonder
59 Direction
DOWN
© 1984 Suburban Features
Answer to Puzzle
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1 Of medicine
2 Cancellation
3 Squeals
4 Compass
point
5 Learned to
recite
6 Mythical
Greek
bowman
7 Tip
8 Snakelike fish
9 Edible nut
10 Turkish
capital
11 Billboard
17 Exclamation
of disgust
19 First person
22 Great
23 Mao _
tung
26 European
capital
27 Deprived ot
strength
31 Plant disease
33 Garden
implement
35 Ethiopia s
neighbor
36 Destroys
37 Oxygen
38 Movie V I P
39 Process crude
oil
40 Wanted (si)
44 Offend God
46 Upon
48 Feline sound
49 Italian family
52 Mountain near
ancient Troy
53 Shoshonean
Indian
I5
6
7
8 1
13
16
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Van Zandt News (Wills Point, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 17, Ed. 1 Sunday, September 30, 1984, newspaper, September 30, 1984; Wills Point, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth990501/m1/14/?q=green+energy: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Van Zandt County Library.