State Gazette. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 4, Ed. 1, Saturday, September 12, 1857 Page: 2 of 4
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" - 1 I I
Cv 1 i sJM i I Tim iik.. PltttformMi
$tat CrrettfJ r:
. .
rnyrrs lira I rn-
i
"'ii. M vi;sn ii ki n.
ii ... HATITKUAY SUIT i.' K.I
ev-atitvnm rrta vcntum. .as
: n 1 1; .. i tad jrotw Won - by il r
I.i' I ilitnri I i
'.'. i State our ill i i il . ma)
ii ' m out Agt in will have in llin doming
"l tin members to lustin nmplo opportn
nit) i i ij n j wli.it ihoj .'.
Will our Democratic mctnberi bring us
II t- of new sab i rilu i Wi m iki .i ''.
-' tlcduetfan to clubs.
8. Our correspondent "Quabaxoi pjt"
Mil find that tho subjoot ol his conaun i-
not worth the ink bo baa bestowed upon
it.
SlTTUERS nN Tin-. FUalRVl On our
tail page will be fouud the latter of our
correspondent "Kck" in regard to tbo let-
tiers mi the !! icrve. Oar columns aro froo
lv open to all who maj de-ire to discuss the
quest! .ii
SurasMB Coi'RT. Wo call the mi. n-
ti ii of the Bar to the notice of the Clerk
of the Supreme Court showing t ho ordoi nf
taking ui the Docket.
I . v CONGRBSS.
in .mi last page we present our readers
with i carefully compiled table of the mem-
bi r- i !' the next le aion of the U. B. Con
Dem HO Opposition 00 torn!
in the House 200 Total In the Senate
Dem. 83; Opposition 25j with four va-
i inch which will bo Oiled with Democrats
mak : . .'." Demoorats and 26 Opposition.
There are two vacancies in the House
our iii ndiana and one In Pennsylvania
Wc have also yot to hoar from the elootioni
in Georgia Louisiana Maryland and Mis-
issippi These gave us in the laat C'on-
gtess 1 1 democrats and 0 K N'a. The
democratic majority may be greater We
do tioi think it will be less. Our majority
inthi douse is estimated at 10. With the
1 '' ' iwn hands the Democratic
part) will havoan important and responsl-
bli duty to perform in carrying out the
caeun - proposed in the Cincinnati Plat-
form. Let the press arouse to the impor-
' ' crisi and freely discuss the
great projects of national policy laid down
in that pi itform.
Ol It 1A1II.I.
We I ." h en able through tho kindness
ur friends and our worthy coteinpora-
' "; hout the State to keep our read-
Iviaed ol the latest returns of the past
tion We thank them nil very kindly
theii favors Our tables wo believe.
will show that they have not been surpassed
for fullness by any other journal. For the
woek en ling 8th August wo gaveS" coun-
ties ; 15th August 66 counties; 22nd Au-
gust 88 oounties; and on the 20th August
L00 counties Attbelattet date wo also
tu'-e our teble of all tbo Senators and Repre-
sentatives exoept three (one of which was
a tie vote) elected to the Legislature
There are onlj IT.' orgaulied oounties In
the State ami in 1853 the whole official re-
turns recorded embraced but ninety-four
oounties. For a State equal to soma Bvi
others and almost destitute of railroads we
think the ahuvc showing is a fair one
FU.4 ... ; i. Sales ol valuable plan-
. . v. ; tin have lately taken plaoe
howinj lod evid ni i of the value ol
Travis county lands. Parties from abroad
Won! ! I I to 1 ok at t li- lands for sale
in thi i i.i bargaim may be had.
I IMP MeETINO. Next Friday our
Methodist friends hold a Camp Meeting on
little Walnut at the usual plaoe. In thi-
soason of religious inquiry we may well ex-
Ot B large aiid interested audience We
doubt (.ot that '.very effort will he made to
secure tbo comfort and convenience of the
gu.'-ts. Let all go who cau. It will In-an
-ion which will well repay any time
pout in attending the religious exen. i II -
5- The protracted meeting of the Chris-
tian Church which has been in session for
the lasl two weeks in this city was brought
t i a close on Wednesday night last fifty
MX persons we learii uuitod themselves
with the Church. Our book keeper two
ot our jours and two of our devils were
am ing the number.
The Infc llriniflil.
We are now having fine showers and the)
are n h ing the grass and making wvery-
tbiug look bright around us. The expo-
i :. nee of our oldo-t citizens satisfies us that
wo shall never probably during the rest of
our lives witnes- . J0I drought like the
past season To -how that it wan extraor-
dinary and unparalleled we have but to
cite the fact that Cypress trees which have
stood the droughts ur tempest shocks for a
hundred years and more have this season
faded and withered Tor want of moisture.
To our farmers and all we flay withBurns ;
Hout awn despair. ucer heel tomorrow
Tlie itarkcat day will Wear u sunny face tc'uior-
row."
Prepare for a rich and bountiful harvest
next season. We have the must beautiful
land In the world and with I plentiful crop
we may well bo the envy of all our sister
States
SAD CasiaLITV. Matthew lliekey was
killed eu Monday last some three miles
atb-west of Austin while engaged in dig
giog a well. It appears that in removing
thi blasts the rook wen piled up around
the edge of the well ; and Mr. Bed who
WW assisting lliekey in his work stepped
upon one of the stones when it slipped into
the well striking the unfortunate man up-
ou the Lead He !ni J huf a few hoursnf-
receiving the injury
Il in i- -.1 1- H l-.i hf.ti.M.1 . I .-ft.. i. Il.-I
' Infill nn Import i Tax ami 'it I lie I i
Ii r Mn hi the dm i hi n ol the Imports.
ii i- 1 1
It is a n ulnrlm nnaistcni v th il wi crl n
h ivc bulll ut. thi . or i. ii i tal i tin
i pli . trletcd lucoroourao should
have u Ii n fn ili i to exti nd It I" nifieii nt
in Ii . . n on out prosperity by mam i-
pnting our foi il n trad front the hai Itl
dl -iron y placed upon il by moans
ol high and oppressive tariff. Tho pre em-
inent adrantai . of our tJnlon lie finl In
our froo trade beta aeh State or Bov-
crclgnty and terond in tho protoi tion m
cured t ii.. si tin t i nomic i at i sod
abroad.
Kxpi i en. i shows thai b Inrj c portion ol
our moat profitablo trade 1 with Btates or
countries outside of the I nion and there-
fore it follow- that to t ix rai 1 trade exor-
bitantly is to injuiv onrsctvoa rndeod
ruoh Is tho aolf-ovldont truth of this faot
that were a new I 'nion ol B1 itei about l s
log ellten d inl i ii would bo illlpo-ilde to
form the alliance without very seriously
limiting the ic i nl power of c mgri to
lay impost Jut i
In 1856 wo exported the following pn
dm ts of Aiucrii .hi laboi
...
..ii
Ilretii StiuU.A ..
Maouniotarcifl
I obseco
l'li.illiel- of r..i. i
" Sea
Other r av Produi I
8pi . e ;tii bullion
t; iii i .
lll'IUO'l '
id uai -i i
I . . I . I s
:..;.i. 795
: l....l-."-
I I.I l-'.i?'.'
rotal f 110 .-..: Ui
Srt Report on Finantia for l8o6p ion
We imported 12056500:18 of Merchan-
dise in 1856 exclusive of poeie for con-
sumption The actual Custom Houso re-
ceipts wete 164022863.60. The Treaaurj
report gives no data showing what amount
of this importation paid duties. Statement
No. 1st however informs us that $100000-
000 paid $27000 of duty. Wo as-
sume 26 pr cent. ;.- the aVofBge rate Wo
have to note also tho tax paid upon the
$04000000 of duties. This forms o I
the -a lions evils incident to Indirect taxa-
tion In direct taxation there is but one
el t B ni- in the oolli i tion of tl e rev-
enues ; this is tho tax gatherer In col-
lecting import duties th-re aie employed
besides revenue collectors the Importer
and the Ri tail Merchant The former sys
the duty and char e?two nd a half per conl
for advancing lie next adds the duty to
the original priw and charges upon thi
whole at least ten per cent for profit He
sells to the retail merchant who charges a:
least twenty -live per conl for hi- profits
The foreign imports pa-- through the.
hands before rea bine the actual consumer.
The original price of the fori ign artii le i .
therefore largely augmented by the unnec-
essary intervention of th Iditionalo i al-
io collecting the revenue
Adding uptho total additional tax upon
the i "ii! IU nor we find that the litter paid at
least Qb per cent in 1856 upou the foreign
imports. It i- in the power of the int. Hi
gent oitizen to estimate th" distributive
share of this t.i.x paid bye Ii class of lal ir
represented in the above tall. We will
take on Illustration from thai .:...- .iii
nn -t direotly concerns us. Tin- cotton
planter shipped to Europe $1288823 '1 of
the raw product and it was used in per-
chasing it- equivalent v.due in imp :-
h.-- twenty i . duty imposed by
the federal government To clearly un-
derstand the operation bywhit hthe gov ru-
in nt collecti tin- ta.x. i - i eoimj u
for tho federal tax collector ii removed
from the planter that he seldom comi - un-
der .his observation and maiiy have been
falsely persuaded by tho advocates of pro-
teetivo tariffs that thi higher tho tax the
lower the j.'; of the article taxi d.
At page 6 10 of the Treasury Report the
Seojetarj says s
" To ascertain this value and these oosts
" and charges the importer i- required
" to produce the original invoice of tho
" merchandise supported by his oath."
" If the article oomes from a
" country Iroui which importatians are
" rare and in regard to the market val-
" ues of which the appraisers have no
" information other than tic invoice
"they are j.i tilled in taking the invoice
" value. BUPported by the declaration and
" oath of the importer as reliable evi-
deuce of the general market value of
" the article in the country of exporta-
" tion upon the presumption that in the
" absence of proof to the contrary the
' purchaser pays the price which the ar-
" tide i.- generally selling for in the for-
" eign market. Such case- are however
" extremely rare ; and when tiny do oe-
" eur information as to th current pric.es
" of similar merchandise is usually ob-
" talned from other port- where suojl im-
' portations are moro frequent as u guide
" to the appraisers."
It is thus clear lint in the hipiinnt ol'
imports the tax laid by the Government i-
an absolute addition to the real value of the
imported article. The $128882861 of
oottoti exported lost one fourth of it ; valut
then in uichasiiig the imported commodi-
ties. The real v.due of these commodities
was only ?!t(il'81ti.') ami the different:
bctweeu this sum and the value of our cot-
ton exported namely $82(008087 was
a clear loss to the planter but we might
not so loudly complain if the loss rtoppi 1
here. The nature of the tax hows ihat
then is an evident effort made to collect
revenue from the products of agriculture
and'iitlicr labor in the BtatOI The lax col-
lectors however are too numorons and tin ir
mode of colli itlon necessarily opprusalvi
After the agenta of the Government have
at He. ted the foregoing lax it is still only
Oiirformi d i y another sel of t .. colli eloi
the "Importer." They as we have
been pay the Government ouUeotors and
levy a tax for their work And when tin
We .in pli a ed tg notice that the build- ' " ''"P0!1" ' " has Collected the tax it is only
iug6 of the Austin Collegiate Female Insti-
tute have been paint d white with green
ibuttert and that the grounds aio being
enoioeed i''i a substantial fenoe The
premiaei preaeul neat and cheerful ap-
pearanoa. We like to sc our school houses
adorned and beautified and would SQggest
to the worthy nrinolpal that rows of shade
trees would add largely to the comfort of
his pupils aud enhance the Leauly of ha.
well beiectcd site.
to beheld until theBetail Mlrohont steps
in as tho purchaser when lie again colic i-
tlie tax from tin consumer aud impost an-
other tax for his labor. -Ml thaai n. .
ton of taxes Intervene between the Gov.
eminent aud the consumer audio eulleot-
ing from the cotton planter timjily twi nty-
mt7ii rfotlart more than the It
lei led bj tho Pedt r il lot i i
I ii like I hi le . lit to a .1. '
" ;" rn .' 1 1 1 1 ' . I i . on ideratl in 1 1
"'I Chi how ii . thai o: lit
i oe .i i- .i nio-i ruinduohj i tpen '
nlloctlng I and i!i whili
ti a- ibly i. post d t i illeot our taxi
fori ign importers the con m i In I I ni
I Mat.- is the : rue part) whii h nu
pay In i.: bnl owiiic to the . lurasj sys-
tem which roqulrt - the om loym I o
tin ot colli otors of the taxi .; in
sti nl ol one the consumer is i ireed to pay
forty per cent more than tho -mn DCtl
!i mandi i and i ollet Ii tl b) the fed i
einineiit.
We do not i xpei t to abolii It the toil!
lysti m iihiin dinti y It Is o work ol pro
res . I!ut we do intend to make an efforl
to throw' smtie light upon the opprc
which the South has been compelled tool
dote under it and while we -hill advi al
all reductions of the tariff wo shall nevet
ooir.id i our labor full) .. coin Ibhed until
W0 see our country able t trade with ovi r)
nation of the world without any
r" us lessly nop isi d by out Ivi
Texan Candidate!
Runnels is now hard at work in his ool
ton Belds He Is said to b industrious
and successful cotton planter. The l.t Gov-
ernor is a Rancher; and the new Commis-
sioner of the Gonera. Land Office is both
I lantor and Ranohor.
We see that Lubbock after stumping ii
through the State for tho benefit of the
Demooratio party is now doing something
for him elf Frank belongs not only to thai
worthy and independent clasi of men call-
ed Ranchers but has also served in several
important offices and wasHhe District Clerk
of H irris .it tho time of his nomination
A- ouu as he could got bach to work ho
pitched il his old busine - and i. now
driving his fat bocves oil to market Go
ahi ad Prank
Frank N i -'. or Frank M White . rn
on tho banks of the Navidad picking cot-
ton aud lariating beovoa. He ha- hi
pioneer mosl ol his life and lias outcred
the Legislature and made ai sensible spi
i - as any in the 11. u
Gu) M Rryan who i i ' ted to Coi
gross is a sugar planter and has . "big
plantation " in the lull tide "f IUI .
cxpi riment
( tur fi ii nd Ilea an of tho Ko itei n Dis-
trict i- the only lawyer of ti." win ! lot
and yet In hasgonc through a wboloi
'. prouta from tending cattli to pi .
. n the Bench All on our ti . ere
tii 1 1 ... .
i lie IllllHl I lie COUl Cli I lOII.
We have a brief account proceed
nu- of the lasl da) - iu tl
Ii ;ti ; of our trie nils in attend
body from othi c Stati
I Ii.- resolutions ad ipted ar
1 ' rging Congn - i to obtain oonti
the isthmus ol fehauntepec 2 Appoin
tmgai immitteo to furnish facts in n i d
ii." propriety of reopening tl
tii Ic :: In favor of the Federal ' ivern-
tneiit negotiating with foroi n counti
pur. i i-ioi .on t- .i. "o r n i j 1 - ;
dutie upon i; ; appointing a oummittci I
I" are lacta showing the imj .Man.
grape culture in favoi of tho ni I
rccommendod by the Southern Ili dioj -. aud
adjourning t.. meet ag dn i I '.
. in Ma) next.
Breaking of the aiilr lor I be Ailantl
I i I. r..
I Ii fa i- appear to be thai the S
d by tho Susquehanna and
menu i died from England with tho
' '!"; Ii ' Three hundred and
eighty statute miles of cable wen laid at a
distance of two hundred and sixt) mill - in
a din ut oe ii ' l'min Valontia. Tin- wind
was southerly at the timo of tho brei
of the cable and there waasomc lea The
Niagara was going three to four knots and
ih" cable had been paying out at the rate
of live to six and sometimes seven knot-.
As the quantity of stook thus expended
was greater than had been expect d at -t i-
ting and more than could be afford d tho
retard strain was increased to n pressure of
thr.e thousand pound- and then the cable
broke
We have not heard the result of the Con-
vention called in London to determine what
shall be done. It is probable that tho work
of laying the oable will be deferred until
mrumor-
i in' H. N Outrages in Kentuckr.
In another uolunin is an extract from
the letter of a citizen of Austin DOW in
Kentucky iu which he discloses the i
disgraceful soenes of outrage at the I
box exhibited at Frankfort bj the Know
Nothings. We find similar outrages in
other parts of the State. The Louisville
I ' ii.. oral ays i
"Thai were deedadonein Louisville by
"tho Know Nothings on eleoti ni da)
" which are not reported by Telegraph.
In the lir-t and eighth wards Prontico's
'party found the VOtCS I lining in
" thick against them that it became no-
"oesarry to stop it by knocking down a
"lew foreigners tine rishmau was
" beaten !y ball d men Imliie i Alt. t
"dinner no foreigner dared tu go t" the
"jaills in the first ward while most of
" the 1 1 ermans reside ; gain's of strange
' rowdies were seen there hurrahing lor
the Baltimore Rip Hap-' C. W.
Price a Democratic lawyi r I is I an al-
ti ri ation with Mi Cra imon
" wealth attorney when watchman Co-
low Interfered and truok Price si
" times with brass knuckles. Prico hoa
"evei knocked the ruffian down Ab ul
" 4600 vuii ' wi re polled in tho city
which has T.iaai legal vote
Wi Ii may ihc pi uple of Kentuek) n
: i the ovi rwhelming triuui h of thi Detu
ucn i
- -- '
In.' i cru.. I In- Il I lll)(.f Itlllin -ISSSJ
I ti' m l-i Mil i el V
V
I I n in itn i in in
I ways In on fond a nab
e even tho fiee ti
.. ii' tin com plaints are load valnst them
herd r " " 8l ttes bavt
acted laws
against p rmittlng them to enti their terti
elie'.e it i-
ii .1 lows
inetiitier ot
Jeeu een.-iir
fnranti) h
hi- of the
a- Tie South aie homol to l'.i. 1 grate
I'ul i i Mr Douglass for the bol 1 and i iuly
st .lol I bSi tal. "i 111 1.. I tf ol their rl lit .
-.Son .l;i..ii . K A 1 . rnW
This honorable admit dun ol s political
opponent is the bent eoinplinienl that oould
be paid to tin Di ma ratio party
live per remou nie eouou .......c.m ... it .v:1.t(1. kOWSj jaBounced
182000000 the plantar Ii at tually brood i mv . ; i 1:itl. lhV.i U) t .
to paj 175820)819 w JWHw8 wtd a Kaff toiau m paltry omagocme
il eltli nt I Inn we
a 1 1. mi .. : " Il in i llliniu.-
In '' mads Col. J. I'litice a
thi Canada parliament having
i nii'i ting of negroes at
I lie I ihio'ii'h the press deelariig that In
careful I) observed the ooolw of the
in Canada for the lst tventy-five
' irs and that he had found than 'a grace-
II ' ' ' ;- L. thct t?t I'lltf Ml of Ulij-
al i .' "
Tho N. w i'orh Tribune with all iti'
lllack lie ii" "i -ciitinieiit:. wlile com-
ii ating . . the It tti t of Ml Print e.
" Wo arc confident that there rre mow
bl to da) in New V. who sot k
i livo by harlotry selling Iquor and
othei ni.. iles of pandering ti other vices
than by downright useful iihor.
" Km emancipated tVx ..rtiic ei.il. inn
""I -itch arc not a desinhlc oloal ol
" nd ''!".!- or fcllow-citiztns : and the
iv ol Invory in the south mu-1
"I '; inoroa i the northward move
" mi -11 ' f I'lai I
i' rrel Smith attempted to improve the
mditii I 11000 nogroos by establishing
them upon his hinds nt Potorboro New
i II. transfi rred to them de dn ..i
"i!'t for their po sione and contribtttel
liberally to theiraid In a late publication
ho says that "notfiij) of the vhol thrti
thuutaml hold j. si tion of their grants"
" W h .1 l- w.i- " he add- "half of the three
tllOUS in 1 III VI cither -old th.-ii lands Ol
can Ii is as to all iw it to be sold for
ii."-''
A late I. ndon Times in speaking of the
: ition ..f the .-lav.- of the British
W t India l-;.i U di "lare.- licit liiis act
" d) ' stro) i an mum n..c property
:ii' 1 ruined thousands ol white families bnl
" dnjntii . .. ' ( ." than thi;
e and after all inorci 1 the mass ..t
'..-.. ;; in i"-' -. rupirl ui ban ! '
Mr. Grattan in s i peech at Cleveland
t'1 : . ti" Ii : bed f abolitionism declared
iii I b .t OOlntry were
i .ill. .in in "i and that
physieall . moi ill) i ml intellectually
; . the eh in etor of the
a i -to tie.' Dritish ex-
tfie re "ii- of iii" Com-
mitti f th lie. 'i 'ominot s appointed
ndition of the West
: nd I lie remarb
"The; be tho Wi I n ! ind
i desolatipn llun
di. .'.."'I bl fore the
.. : ... : ited ii millions ol
. I e abandoni i ontin !
In th" islands I I . - have l'Oiib
' . H in in. .;! crs Uithe mountains rather
" tl ti 1 .1 on the estates and iu Guiana
" il.." !. . i. tind into the interior
.....i the) a: iu fact sinking luck into
" I. arh in :u. 'lid- ! the testimony of
o unwilling witnesses; .:' men whose
" own hopi were iuted and who
.v that th.ii tostiiu n would disap-
l ivhopos moi grieve the spirit ol
tl British people
' i o. ipation .I' the -hue ;.. an evil
h ther in the South .r in the
mot be I ingot endured in the
. fer police '.t' the ni ro re-
i :. I iti .1 ii istCI and
i I ' I ' tl) ' .1 There arc
' who ael Well ill a flee
iniple l" the m.i" i.- ti
inc. Tin . libel tics ni ike him
i i - '. ..ii -". a iic" negro
i " no :i l.i.-y family and
we -; "; .I lln bi ; of thorn. It the) imi-
tate i dress and i npuden
With ni" t "f live uogroes
id ire plaoes lor slaves to lounge
at. They are always the associates of the
i they trade with them and aid them fro-
I) iii th. i: . . .ii piracies and other
- . If . i negro run-to a free State
it is mainly owitiL' to his own observation of
tl ' indulgi t: il given to the free negroes
in the South. II" desires their freedom
' 1 'I. I. "in" ahi" in obtain it by purohaae
I"' runs .!! to tin N'.iih or to Mexico.
We in Hi '..' full) in t!ni fact that the best
mode of i : in the abolitionists wou'd be to
turn ion frei negroes loose upon them. They
know the i ur 0 .i' BUoh a -tat.; of things
and :.. . I of the free States have prohibited
their immigration. It would however be
an injustice to the Southern free negro
Who WOUld tar rather go hack into slavery
than he plaoi d at the in. icy nf the lllack
Republicans The time i-near at hand
for dcteruiiticl action. The free negro
in th" .-'.nth is evidently destined to be
remitted baek into slavery which is his
true condition It is now fully realized
that emancipation for services rendered is
tni injury to society ind of hut little bene-
lit lo the slave. We ought not to lead the
negro to believe that there is any other
condition b tier than hut own lor indeed
there is !: lie never does beoome an
equal iu any ioi il I) i:i the S oth or North
where the whiti . prevail nor will he ever
become so.
v.
Don't Like Tbbw Titlk .v Mr
James Gilliam writes to the editor of the
Clark villi Stai ! 1 asking foi bis authori-
ty for di ignatiug him u Know Nothing
'I ic I. j ly oi ! Ii '.". a i . i Iii nt. Afti r
. il" caul aud lit poor! . i P mi n
! ' lOOr t .mi! .lolling iu
v ith th. Know Nothing
pai t) tin- i tliuir i' ..." .
" Did Cu Gillil I t "i" foi .'am Hous-
ton I1 I'ul Col. i a expn .i. (action
with I rlncipla of I. D
i lid i ni.. r of these he may
i the i f ." '. .ii 1 1 moeraev
which th..-h.ve endeavored to institute
and l- -iti.. .'-: ten d llnit ;.rt of
.. I' ; i Op it" nn.' ii'ii.u.. ..i that
-ri tVK-alwayi putK X for the iu forma
St ' ' a v ho d" not
Wl h IOC that the I.'.. I
i ire ! . ' .' tun ii iliva iii ins new
pi I. . II" ! "i wall oiak" the best of it ;
for we ar. quite ure that there is not aim-
. iong th" real demooraoy of
thi ' 'nil'. it again toaeoopt l.im ti
brother "
Tii.' lleino. mil. ll . nl ii i In n In I In I ii i'
i imiii'i. r.'xT3
In a preveai . i -in we pointed .hi llli
fruits of our viqtorj in theaai . leno) ol
the trn it and bonlfloOOl prinei.'c- of i;.-
eriiini'iit deehired in the Win o Platform
The same party which otoi whelmod8
Houston .m. i his free soilism iu Texas lis
ids i as einpliaiic.ilh. sealed ih fite of John
Boll of Ten. oe who also v. ted agalnsl
the repeal of the Missouri Compromise.
Galium and Rthridge of Tennessee and
l':irycar ol North Carolina who gave aid
and comfoil to the lllack Republican part)
in the loot Congress have also been SJacted
by thu hands of the same Democracy.
The Know Nothings elevated to the last
Congress ninety members cighty-fol ;
whom turned ouraMitionitU I At the on-
suing Congress we -hall t.huw a Domoofatil
majority in the House of sixt con
The people of the South have rel)
rebuked the Know Nothing party Thi ii
nominee Fillmore received the vote ol hut
one Southern Slate and this has been fol-
lowed up by securing from Tennes ml
Kentucky Democratic Senators in the pi ici
oi' ini'inhcr.s nl tlie oppueUlun inrly.
We look at the Know cfothing parly Bl
the North to I'm. I it wholly absorbed b)
lllack Republicanism. In 1864 the K.
N. party vauqulshcd the Democrats in ten
i-.c States namely: Pennsylvania Michi-
gan Ohio Iowa Connecticut Rhode In-
land Massachusetts New Hampshire nnd
Maine 'Ihc result was thai i ver) Govern-
or elected by the K N Party voted ui
Vremontl Rvon in Missouri the K. N
party ran Rollins for Governor in the past
canvass who is charged by our frii
tin I. aod clain.' d bj the fn a .1"
I'.in.! prepared to give up that nobh State
io the Black Republicans.
Tho St. I.oui- Democrat whioh mstains
Ulan' and other free soiler says:
" Major Rollin- expressed dlstinoll) the
conviction that it may hecome ueeossary in
;i few year- I i ' behalf' of thi tfffi
iti emancipation of the residue oftavi
i.i our coir. n'(y. aud in such event if
ii should iccm well and good to tho people
of this commonwealth so to do tin meat
. ' ;"' . o r - umiotilion ft om
him. This i all thai can be asked :it the
hand.' of an OXBOUtivo. I )n the othoi hand.
Col Stewart went OUl of his way lure u
In did throughout tlie large Blaveholdino
oounties of the State to aou and villifij
every ont connected with thi effort tomaki
."."I" i'm MUtourx for an industrial ichib
i Against gentlemen who stand high
in tie. confidence ot the working men ot
this city and against whom he conl. I ur."
n i otlu r political objecti in 1." ui ide thi
the them" of hi.- blackguardi m
Col Stewart be it recollected was the
Demooratio opp nent of Rollins in tl e late
..nt.-1 in Mi tour! f i I levornot
I In South La d mosl important duty to
perform in totally abandoning tin K N.
part) . as alarming in it- tendon. i - to free-
soilism. The pood and tree no ti of that
.arty cannot bi longer duped b) tho un-
scrupulous leaders and win workers who
cling to it after every prool I. . been given
them fa" its inter rottennes
s.r Tbaoedt. a correspondent of
the Clarksville Standard notes the
the death oi William Oxford and the wifi
nl .-.mill.. I I lv ll.r.l llliel. r . II I inn to. . .
a peculiar nature. The writer iays that
tl. Oxford famil) ha- been oontinually en-
gaged in broils with th. u neighbors who
final I) reaolvod not t" notiee them The)
next commenced a wa i ng them clve
Samuel and Win Oxford wero continually
nun red iu quarrels In th" fatal
t d ' bi a-i"ii : ...Ho 1 v. . .ii ml: and i line !
William's house to n ni w a diffii . .
rhe former drew a gun upon the latti r alien
the wife of William ran in between and
prevented tin Bring. Samuel afterwards
started homo with threats of whipping hi
sister who was staying with him Wil
Ham followed to prevent an altercation.
He found Bamuel sitting down rhe writer
says '.
Samuel Immediately aroso and gavi hi
brother his chair and walked into the house
under the pretence of bringing a ohail
mu for himself Bui instead of a chair he
brought his gun ami Bred mi William.
The hall l: 1: ollect on William's body hut
did not disalde him so as to prevent him
from taking venganoe on his brother.
Drawing hu knife hi leaped toward his
brother with the fury of an enraged lion.
Samuel lied through the house and Wil-
liam followed him a short distance he stop-
lied and suddenly retraced his steps m
order to meet William which he did and
an awful struggle ensued iu which both
were thrown upon the ground. William
stabbed hi- brother twice during the combat
and Samuel's wife coming out to persuade
them to desist was killed by William a
she was standing over the fiendish brother-
entreating them t separate. Hir thio.it
was cut from ear to ear aud after receiving
her wound she ran toward the hou-e and
made a momentary pause daring whioh
she uttered in a smothered tone the
words "Oh! tied I am dying' and sunk
to the earth and expired.
"William Oxford growing weak Willi
loss of blood and losing the power of re-i--t
nice expired. Samuel Oxford writh-
ing iu agony WU borne to the house and
laid in one "..nicr of the wretched hut.
Opposite to bin in another corner Wil-
liam wao laid and the siekeninc scene was
completed b) tho unfortunate woman being
laid upon a bed SOaffold ill another corner
of the house. The neighbors gathered in
the next morning to witness the horrible
soene and put away the dead which w.i-
vciy iiiicerciuoneou-ly accompllahod. Sam-
uel Oxford lay in great pain aud was ex-
pected to die shortly and to prevent his
escape a guard was placed over him who
stayed with him until he grew lirod and
thinking it impossible for him to escape
left him t i be gone a short lime. Dunnp
his ab i iiee .- amuei i.e. I. i bi I i
CO
The editor of the Standard endorses ti..
ah ive statement as correi t.
tni. Serious difficulties are apprehended
in Titus ami Hopkins oounties owin to ro.
cent developementJ oonoerniui n gang ol
horse theives. One party who were whip-
ped as conn t..i with th" gang t irnod up
on tin ir h .-in. i- and inflicted a puiii-li-nieni
in return. W. bain that a i. il.r
attaek upon the supposed horae tbievi it
now meditated and lerioui eonaequei
antieipiit 1
as. The train-: of wagon under Lbi
Mexicans are now passing between thi
Cosi-t and San AuliaiouumoiesK.i
iini.ro. i iii.iii in brsuadlni ataeki
I ... Ml Ml . . u ."' I " ' .
i i. i io. ii" ti -i an improve
. nt in tho i i Ii nl brandtfl sto
I think will 1st in thi v I
nd t Ihc one time il may I luck
. . j hot tbievi Thisl my
plsn
l t ih. re 1 " a brand for bvi i count) in
ti." fate and i foi over) i n ek in oach
count) Il II nil. is Ion. il may be bl I
t.i b i two or mine bran Is ; ii I "i"
11 r il ml it.- tiilnii ai e -
Let these brands be plaoed Ide by eidi
mi the left houldei BOttnty brand lir-l
ami tin owm r's brand wherever he wishes
it. If then II is the brand of tion. ales I'
of Band) Pork of Peaehereok and W !'
ul Win I lemming a hone with these
brand found ill any part of the State oould
bo located on Bandy Pork of Peach creek
in tloiiahs county as belonging to some
man who o brand i- W I' (Wtn I'lem
mlng
I will now BUggOSl an improictiuiit iu
tin- pre cut. mode of advertising :
I t ih nnty elork i iki a ihoi t of pa-
per open it and rule a column norosa the
Inn for date oil" in which the burs shall
bo described another for the county and
i reek brand another for the ov ners brand
and the led .nee of the line to be filled with
the name and place of residence of the
p"r-oii ihat ha- the stray In possession.
An.' "i 1 h. - I''. I' W. I O. II.
I' Tabor live mile- 'South nf Lookhart
WOUld mean that a hay horse three ya.iis
old a i- -iiay.d bj O. H I'. Tabor living
i miles -olith of Lockhart said horse be-
longs to sonic niie living in GoUtaleS 011
the Sandy Fork of Peach creek whose
brand is W V. If a horsi hi strayed out
of lie ounty oi which hi brand show-
that hi- owner belongs lei a description of
lior-e.aiid his brands be sent to the clerk of
th. i ounty in which he w a branded and
hh owner v. tuld know then where to find
hi- Imrs" advortised even if the hone bad
. I . mi.- hall a dozen time
There i- but one thing to be added which
I think will entirely prevent horsestealing
Vigilance Committees and other c.uise-
quenei i. Whon a man comes in posses-
sion of a horse with a foreign county
l.r.iiol l.t him have a record mate in a book
kept for the purpose ruled as thi adver-
tising -beet and the r .order to send by
mail i cop) of ii to tl i county iu whioh
the h ii o was branded Aa this advertising
ool reoontiog would be short and attende 1
with littl" labor tic f.c should b. s . light
.- no! prevci n) om takinc ..'! nutago
of thi .'i i tncnl
If :tn "io can propose anv thing better
l.t him do it. W .1 I I.I.I MSi IN
In - ii fill Trmlu.'.l)
Wi ee that an awful tragedy has Iran-
pircd in Tarrant count) John Robinson
a form of tl i1' niii nti.iry after
his return 1 deti rmined
tpoi on tier bi tin i isited
K bii "ii to n nove her clothing An al-
tercation provokedb) Robinson ti .k place
1 1" in ceeded in killing both broth ra wl
I iiaui.'. arc l.;:.. - ami i b orcc W . Audei
'i I !. at I house . f
in-uncle Mr S Sublctt an old gentle
man and highly esti I mod w II in he 1. .t
: ..'.. : . prove ition also Ri
tur stopped on the road and
deliberately took his own life with a rill"
Ii . : it) tii it lbi eo indrel could not
have ii." u put t death when he firal madi
ni the Amh rsons
i.t 1 1.. I.I . r ' publish) " an ex-
ii o i i h " ' .in an I Him .. man . Ii i
sa) tl -. a ki - of that Stat lately from I
I ports that I oi Antonio people
have ben hanging folks al tlie rate of
twenty-fivo a week ! lie wo doubtless a
Black I! publican who felt sotisfiod that his
politii al friends would ur buiie if the) inn
t" San Antoni i
r-..... Th Ii ti San Vntoni u Soli-
I street ' '1 i .i.b. :- and n ut-
d b) Dii Irich Stumhci wa lestro;
in in the 1st insl
Ioi. the entire i anvaas through
who Ii we I just passi d if we have been
i tstcdat any thitiL'. it has been at the
efforts :' our opponents to humbug and
i D in. 'rata. Hi ndi rton !
The humbn ::-. was Botran narent that
the worst humbu god party i- our oppo-
I Io llts
.V letter published iu the American Ag.
1 ricullurist -how- that the Sorgbowill m.ike
true i rystalisable sugar. The writer says i
in rcgara to crystausing tno sorgno su-
gar we to-day went with Col. Peters to
tho sugar refinery of Messrs. Eastwick &
Hiothcr-. No To Vino-st. of this city car-
rying with us some sugar made from the
sorgh .. by Ci I. I'd. rs in (leorgia and by-
Mr. Wi.iy of i ranee. These speoiuieus
were subjected to the severest cheiliicil te-t
and examined under a powerful uiicroscoiie
i and both proved to be true crvstalixable su-
gar and not gluOOSe As the examiners
'i perhaps not. surpassed foi accuracy in
tin- country -not even in lioston we deem
I il. .....; i : -i.i .: ...... mi
..- .- i.-i iiuciie.- uiguij -ill-l.tciui . IIHV
promise u public n port of tho examination
soon Yours so
Silt. WlltAT The Chilian wheat is
I greatly preferred by those who haveexpeii-
I ...i ...:.i.:. :.. - .1 m m.e . .
nie-iiicii w 11 11 11 in -soiincin lt'xau. e inn e
already notiecd one of theae successful ex-
pertinents and informed our readers where
the . . 1 might le obi lined l-'araiers are ad-
vUed by the " Amorioan Agriculturist"
to 1 Choo e tii 11 -.'"1 which is perfectly
ripe and pi 2 Never sow any but the
oleanesf ood; . Rejeot seed that has been
kept damp or has boon heated j I Do not
sow mixed seed on tho same ground; if
p ' ib'e in vol I0W 161 i which i- m .re than
om y.-ar .r at mosl lv.. ;. ..; h! Xho
s mir " ntinues :
i ' - ay ti ' ... . ' -' fo si leel the
ill ''He I 1 I" I i. a " ir wheat field
1 tii grain crows most perfect!; indii
most mature Thou and thresh
il. io p ' :. eparalol i the gn tita t
i. . . tin I "i" Pur
si" Hu course I or a numbot yen.- ami you
in a wl .1 will ecni to I
Id nil. his mill !.l l"nsii Hiillronil.
M . I .i. i e I ei i y ol tin- tir-l Au
mini If. j o.l l ll i;. for 'I I) L661
I 1. t. paid i" tho Treasury is
ab nt 113000 and the am aunt HOW ol)
inc. I i 1700 The total stock nbsorilied
- . 1600 ; the total am niiil due on ' 'ill''
lo dan 11 86700
The President obaorvoi 1 1 t the affairs
io ! I i .ol the outlay small Thi ur
i ompletod to the wi il foil: of thi
Trinlt) :n i' l preparations are being made P i
a oonnootlon with the lion tun and Total
Railroad by the Bnqnirer.
It i- estimated that it will oost S77-
(lllli to grade the 11 miles in ISowie coiin-
ly the bah in I' the line Will be estimated
a o n as the surveys are returned. It is
thought neuossary that the ferrying stock
should be incroasod so thai the annual In-
stalments often per cent may be imflicienl
i Cor a vigorous prosecution of the work.- -The
linginoers advises the location Imme-
Idiatelj of tin Brat five hundred miles of the
j road.
Lamar. l'ortet Miller accidentally
l.ilb d dohii Skulinorc while shooting at a
dm r. Mr Skidmorc leaves :i wife aud
child to mourn his loss
Goneaiicb The Inquirer notet an it-
tcmpi of the prisoners to break out of the
county jail. Numerous implements were
found in pOfSttion of the prisoners.
Sabimi Railroad. TheRoxdto oon-
nc t Text! with New Orleans ha- been com-
menced. The Houston Telegraph informs
u- thai the corps of Engineers of tho Sabine
and Galveston Hay and Lumber Company
have commenced locating their survey at
Houston nnd on proceeding castwardly.
The Telegraph appears tOOXprew confidence
In the ability of the Company to carry on
the enterprise
ray The Ititens of Blrdville adopted
resolutions oh the 8th ult. paying a tribute
of respect to the memory of the late tJeu
T .1 Rusk
These wdc reported by J. .f Courtenay
II C Daggett .1 c Cummins W 8.
Sugg D. C Hayni - Wo see that L .'
Wilson acted as Chairman and 1! B. Sigh t.
Secretary.
Brazos We arc glad to learn that tho
evil anticipations of our friend- in Bratos
County in n c ird t" short crops will not be
a- bad as expecti I Two thirds of a crop
will be realised
1 1. . o
Oil) !i l I nltrd Hull
Mu Editor i
Vuur courle' i . ;
has in n maum i i i v. Inl I
objection offered a fi ..
an srtli le wrltti ti bj mi :'
in thi Gai -it in .. rl
i tti to prop 11 Col I 1
the United state- -' natoi
in V thanks for the i n Mil j . I
i ti his communication an
common would relieve pnpet
ball' the tedium and all the
attaches to it. But ..ur . ic
be no antagonism 'I be mi '
of Itu-k which shadi - ti
drapery of gloom ha- render
that two Senati.i - instead of -I"
chosen by our nct la
Wilson is n noble Roman
the eulogy pronoillii a d Upon h i I
rod. 1 heartily ela-p bantu Wil
pondent io fulfilling any laboi
and loTO toward tho-c v h I
iu the dark days of oolamnif ..
and blood for the good of till i
Light r
BRAZORIA. The sugar planters will not
make a full i ip this season owing to the
happening ut' tin drought in their immedi-
ate vicinitv. but the cotton nlanters are
I ing I will make mi re ootto u than man of 'r'ut he :tui
tin ) . '. . oi
I shall not allow tl at he h
elation of Col. Wilson's
partyand oountrj . than 1 j i
the issue.
Let us have the noble "
ohlvalrio Wilson from tl Wi t si
pure unsullied undaunted ..i ! th.
ever ready Wigfall li im
two such men In our n il oi
Texas can have a voii i at
lion in the OOUnoils ol tho Ri .
Ool. Wilson is undoubtedly
Weal should have. Ut Brio i
and not for expedicnc) 01
machination 1 . hi old say I
elected he deserve lionot
try.
Col. Wiufall is beyond n p
the choice of the Jvi-t
he is. He will recci.v t j .
haps so unanimous is his ...i .
be I cannot tell that the friend
Henderson the groat old vi I
deavor against his choice
to a position he does not wani lb
repeatedly rt fuse I i See -
his friend- solicit. .1 him I
tion in the lower House I
peatedly was be de ired
ing the past few m mths t ..
ed him as it cerl ii ily wo
had he wished it the t
present Chiel Magisti
less so worthily fill
despondent frici. Is i
of Sam Houston t sn
only man able to -a
as repeatedly and c
lively declined sn)
These things bein.
oannot aspire to fi
know to v. I I is -
iiimity to harbor the
refuse a positi oi of du
mediately aooept n if
This is too i lear to nee
Col. Wigfall is really
let The Columbia Democrat thai
urn Coluuil ia and Wlijrton Railroad have
mado their survey ; distance 24 1-2 miles
Igju. Col Fields tlie State Enginei rlate-
y traversed theSabine liner for 755 miles
lie thinks th. . propi tion of 853000
'in nt t . nc a if s navigable stream
t. r We ".that a tii-weekly line of
nr-horsi i oai I. . nm i at Marshall with
the line t i Sbrevesport and a tri-weekly
'He I 1 ick are run to Nacogdor h in
ii.'.in; al that point w.ih the great mail
route to Galveston New Orleans and the
West A semi-wi ekly lint of hai b havi
nl "ooen rcci ntl . put ui i n the route to
Pal liuc . ia I. in -a. makio) tin mail fa-
cilities il ihat plai o .'client
K9u 'I b i prising . itizens nl Smith
'" conl . :' niaki . if fibrts to get
(bi I'a ific R dlroad local d through tin ii
. ounty .
Tin hut StNATonlli -i. The Green
'!- I'atri it ; iblisln I in South Carolina
-.'- "Hon T .1 Rusk was n native of
Pendleton District where Ins father and
tiinl ii r . ii ..uii.r. . ..1 .111 .. l-jl.-i i . ..
; " ' ""'' 'in iew years lauies e.iucation more lor it
since ooinc oi iiiciii mav slill In
to be an instinctive in tic
I'.a'-t thai he i just tl
Texas to bravi ly rej re i i
i" ire the m
:!. world.
The bittl to be foughl
will be fought b) men . I
mere hurly-burl) of mi I
h I . it- iieru will b bi '
il banners will 11 mnl
chin. Texas will b. ar a ;
test and let her lead i- I
nerve aud true sjere u
Wigfall and Col Wil on
fear the "haxard oi the .!..
till ni ltll.ni nl 1 nun- .
We take the foil m in
course delivered by a t: ei
entry Institution
' It has been often w. II
education is a young ina.' :
it ii t with equal propriety I
pro tie.al eduoation i- . I
young lady ? But doc- not :
male education in these latti .
more at the guilding than
at the ornamental accomplish)
useful aoquircroi nts ' la it i
ertain lar'e circles to Col
livin
iu Ci. hen- Ih-trict lie once kent bi.- r..r
Col. Goorge Grisham at old Pendleton
lie then moved to Georgia and read law
and married a daughter of Gen Cleveland
"t Hah' raham i ountj
tiur cotemporary of the Dallas Herald
corrects the Galveston New- in the follow-im.-
particulars .
I. It i.-true ihat tTen Ruk wa-in favor
of fighting the enemy at San Jaointo in-
Btoad of coiitinuiiig the retreat and it is
perhaps true that be gav the order referred
i . ..!.:..!. i 1 . ... .i . .. .
iu miicii uiuukoi on uiui I'tutle ; but it
also true that Co! John A. Wharton "the
keenest blade on the field of San Jacinto"
was i on iiistruim nt.d than any other man
iu bringing on the battle
2 i icn. Rusk did not deliver the address
over tlie remains ol 1-annin
ils use ; mure lor wl.at II
what it i really worth low i
it in educating females to 1
with jewel hut to cut
the wrist.
' She has learned to in
tea urn very pretty otto
kerchief's andto beautit ouffs
omitted to learn the more us.
mcut to cut out and in ke a
knit or mend a pair of stock in
also learned to make card i
stands and mantle ornament ..
teriii" at the laneuaee ml :
is lyeari ago at the seigi ol
plain of Theasalonia. Noti
also been made to mast. -iau
and ancient areti
progress has been made i bi ud w
powers
wax flowers : not a little effort I
men. when and lllllirnvi lie. -)i.i i.)i. I. -
..... T ........ ... v . ..... .....- ........
"") "iu i-on-'.-icu ami t.uiietl. Tlie ad- i nature exhausted a!
ure-s Wi.- delivered bv Gen. Uintuun li Tint ana l.nr ...1 tuna nl...
. -..... A. . ..... .uv ....- . u.iuh mien
Lamar. It was printed and circulated at I ii well cooked or a tub ol
tne liuie nut is now unl the old files of
tii.- iioustou lelegripli will give it out of
punt ine address was on o of the most
eloquent stirring aud chaste productions in
om language."
i hi at l it ii will ouli be the
oi. di oh i " and p rfu tod in b higher
dogrui Th - ; oration fi si i m ing good
sc. 1 1 will p.v iii oven department of farm.
Ollt NCM Kl llll -I .NTMIVt It is
now pretty generally conceded that -Mr
.1 M. Harrison will' be the next Represen-
tative from Wood and Van Zant counties
in tie State Legislature. In our electiou
table W0 have classified Mr H.irrisou as a
Democrat which is indeed proper Mr
Harrison ut one of those politicians who
in light d to tally under the banner of
the immortal Clay when he led his hosts to
'battle against tbo stubborn and invincible
. Demooraoy in opon an 1 oivilixed warfare
j upon national issues but who ninee the
death ot In.- Illustrious chief since the dis-
solution of the w hi; party and since he
i ib ".-.. 1 the advent of Know Nothing
i-io a ul the Increase of fanaticism m the
Sorth he hi p. rati d with and atood
Brud) t 'le Demooratio party u tl.. )nly
ife ( aard of the Constitution and tho
I'niou Wi are satisfied that Mr. Harrison
knou il" lentiinentof thu people he repre-
sent at 1 will be a faithful reflex of their
wishes and their desires How can we
then 1.0" ' ' Otherwi than elaim him fnr
tl'e part BJ oneof the anunint
it thai party in full telinw-
1 uew.ip.
ed i ' ti
ing and . ardi aing
ship with tu up n the issues whioh u.v
divide th. people. Quitman Herald
.. :.. u.i Tho luquirer sayi i
Th".-" il ii ' iii-.-ii livin it ol
lv.. h on ' . havi we are pli aaeq t learn
in "1 i PCii ""ti Whilst main
have i" ' ' ' iugh i" do them oil i rs will
hues IO tO pan III the n lodibniho il I "'" ' ;vt l'" :- ' l' ri' if
t Cc ire i's Spiioifi the vield has I rn t'i UJ'exat e
10 . 80 bu ball p. r aero. It is von evl
nt tn it on. uplands have been greatly
Hurrah for San Houston. Ii is
currently report i In ..ur city thai Sam
1 1 nl :. Mexico ; what the
nature it ol . I di i " we know uot we
presui 11 Wi ver that it is partly for the
p .1; f ret riot ing his ruini d political
put oi "io -ni securing s country that
Via lni'
.11. .' ll't 1
Perhaps Sam hs takonitioto his head
that tb. Mexican desire to run the ques-
tioo i Hi '' u .f Anti-Houston."
washed. Sue is soon to boooi
tress of a family aud should '
render her home the place I :
comfort and happiness ; to h-i i
conversations and from ! .
Well stored mind to draw IT In r I
attention from the turmoil I
and vicissitudes aud exalt it tu
mospherc of woman's pure thouj
such a wife who can fail to hi ha
sueii a home what place or what
on earth so desirable ( y . I
ueatcd for these important I it
Madison. A oorri sp
gives an interesting skcti
county
" Madisouville i K l
village beautiful) il
side of a prairie ol I ion
The town is sitiiat- 1
oonaiderablo height uud i
picturesque ippearanei
It from I lie p;a.-t 1
three year's growth it il qu
size i'lie buildings ai
and substantial ol iraoti I
tention nf perm uiain .
a r of the owoen
Midway is small '
miles from Bobbiu I rr)
Antoai ad It e itaii
iio'iiiiiiic.-. a ph) an s
church md lei Inl
I by i- " I lands aod a
oi uuuitj In lln- p i
ii ii:i that rain I... i
and cropi ale belli r thai
Madison. I fo in i the I
liiiug in oomforiabl
ibhed v ith all neoi si
luxuries ol life
UBS The I.iM.i' . ii. I
nad hsvi gradl I i
rosd betweisu LavMaud .
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Marshall, John. State Gazette. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 4, Ed. 1, Saturday, September 12, 1857, newspaper, September 12, 1857; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth81311/m1/2/?q=music: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.